Chapter 17 Politics in the gilded Age – Flashcards
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Political Machines
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Well organized political party's that dominated city governments
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Political Bosses
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Boss of a political machine
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Who became president in 1869
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Ulysses S. Grant
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Graft
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The acquisition of money or political power through illegal or dishonest methods, Taking money off the top
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Kickback
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Payments of part of the earnings from a job contract
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Spoils System
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Giving jobs to friends not the qualified
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Who ran for the election in 1872
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Grant vs Horace Greeley
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Who won election of 1872
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Grant
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Gilded Age
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Looks good on the outside but not good on the inside
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Candidates for 1876 election
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Tilden vs Hayes
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Who won election of 1876
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Hayes
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Patronage
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Rewarding political supporters with government jobs
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Stalwarts
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Strongly opposed civil reform
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Mugwump
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"Big chief" supported democrat candidate Grover Cleveland
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Candidates for 1880 election
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Garfield vs. Winfield Scott Hancock
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Winner of 1880 presidential election
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Garfield
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National Grange
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First major farmers organization founded by Oliver Hudson Kelley
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Cooperatives
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Organizations in which groups of farmers pool their resources to buy and sell goods
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Graduated income tax
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Taking higher incomes at higher rate
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Gold standard
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Each dollar is equal to and redeemable for a set amount of gold
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Populist Party
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Coalition of alliance members, farmers, labor leaders and reformers
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Alexander Shepherd
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Political boss of Washington DC. Spent $20 mill in public works. Created jobs for poor in turn they voted for him
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James Pendergast
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Political boss of Kansas City. Helped immigrates in exchange for votes.
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Tammany Hall
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Biggest Political machine in New York
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George Washington plunkett
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Political boss for Tammany hall. Coined the term "honest graft"
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William Marcy Tweed
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Boss of Tammy hall
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Thomas Nast
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Created political cartoons that created corruption
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Harper's weekly
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Political cartoon created by Thomas Nast
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Ulysses S. Grant
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President in 1869 also won in 1872, good war leader in the civil war, Gold scandal, Credit Mobilier
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Whiskey Ring
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Treasury department changed with excepting bribes from whisky
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Half-Breeds
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Republic party who supported civil service reforming
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James Garfield
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Won president election 1880 over Chester A. Arthur
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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Won presidential election in 1876
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Charles Guiteau
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Shot Garfield because he didn't get a government job and was mad
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Pendleton civil service act 1883
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Civil service commissioned to administer competitive examinations to those people seeking government jobs
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Benjamin Harrison
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Won presidential election of 1888, passed Sherman anti trust act: Billion dollar congress
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Mark Twain
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Created the name gilded age
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Pendleton civil service act of 1883
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Established the civil service commission to admire competitive examinations to those seeking jobs
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Why did New York world defend Cleveland
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He is an honest man
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Candidates for 1888 election
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Grover Cleveland vs. Harrison
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Winner of 1888 election
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Benjamin Harrison
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What did Harrison change when he entered office?
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Set out to reward supporters which weakened reforms Cleveland put in. Pass Sherman anti trust act. Spent $ on civil war pensions for union veterans. Billion $ congress
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Interstate commerce act
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1887 prohibited railroads from making secret agreements
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Mary Elizabeth lease
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Leader of farmers alliance
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Bland-Allison act
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1878 Government has to buy and coin silver
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Sherman silver purchase act
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1890 to supplant the Bland-Allison act, government had to buy twice as much silver
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James B. Weaver
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(Populist) running against Harrison and Cleveland
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William Jennings Bryan
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Democrat and loser of the 1896 election supporting free silver
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William McKinley
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Republican Candidate and winner of the 1896 election who upheld the gold standard
