Chapter 12 The Bureaucracy – Flashcards
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Bureaucracy
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an organization characterized by hierarchical structure, worker specialization, explicit rules, and advancement by merit
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Weberian Model
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a model of bureaucracy developed by the German sociologist Max Weber, who viewed bureaucracies as rational, hierarchical organizations in which decisions are based on logical reasoning
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German Sociologist
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max Weber (1864-19) created the classic model of the modern bureaucracy. Does the power in the classic bureaucracy flow upward, downward, or horizontally?
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Acquisitive model
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a model of bureaucracy that views top level bureaucrats as seeking to expand the size of their budgets and staffs to gain greater power
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Monopolistic Model
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A model of bureaucracy that compares bureaucracies to monopolistic business firms. Lack of competition in either circumstance leads to inefficient and costly operations.
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Administrative Agency
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A federal, state, or local government unit established to perform a specific function. Administrative agencies are created and authorized by legislative bodies to administer and enforce specific laws.
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Cabinet Department
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One of the fifteen departments of the executive branch (State, Treasury, Defense, Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Education, Energy, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs).
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Line Organization
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In the federal government, an administrative unit that is directly accountable to the president.
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Independent Executive Agency
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A federal agency that is not part of a cabinet department but reports directly to the president.
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Independent Regulatory Agency
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An agency outside the major executive departments charged with making and implementing rules and regulations.
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when the Federal
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national Mortgage association (Fannie Mae) started to fail, the federal government took over, who ultimately paid for its losses?
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Commerce Department's U.S.
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Travel and Tourism administration gave 440,000 in disaster relief loans to western ski resort operators because there hadn't been enough snow.
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Capture
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The act by which an industry being regulated by a government agency gains direct or indirect control over agency personnel and decision makers.
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Government corporation
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An agency of government that administers a quasi-business enterprise. These corporations are used when activities are primarily commercial.
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Nationalization
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the takeover of a business enterprise by the national government. Recently, the word has been used to describe temporary takeovers that are similar to bankruptcy proceedings.
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Preferred Stock
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A special share of ownership in a corporation that typically confers no right to vote for the company's board of directors, but does pay interest.
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The Food and Drug
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Administration can force pharmacists to remove diet drugs fro their shelves if those drugs have dangerous side effects. What type of agency is the FDA?
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President James A. Garfield
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was assassinated in 1881 by a disappointed office seeker, Charles J. Guiteau. The long-term effect of this event was to replace the spoils system with a permanent career civil service. This process began with the passage of the pendleton Act in 1883, which established the Civil Service Commission.
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Spoils system
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The awarding of government jobs to political supporters and friends.
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Merit system
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The selection, retention, and promotion of government employees on the basis of competitive examinations.
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Pendleton Act (Civil Service Reform Act )
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An act that established the principle of employment on the basis of merit and created the Civil Service Commission to administer the personnel service.
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Civil Service Commission
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The initial central personnel agency of the national government; created in 1883.
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According to a 2010 report
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Federal employees earn an average of 108,476 in total compensation (including benefits) for jobs equivalent to those in the private sector employees average 69,928
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Government in the sunshine Act
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A law that requires all committee-directed federal agencies to conduct their business regularly in public session.
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Sunset legislation
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Laws requiring that existing programs be reviewed regularly for their effectiveness and be terminated unless specifically extended as a result of these reviews
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Privatization
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The replacement of government services with services provided by private firms.
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Federal officials
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spent 333,000 building a deluxe, earthquake-proof outhouse for hikers in Pennsylvania's remote Delaware Water Gap recreation area.
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Whistle blower
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Someone who brings to public attention gross governmental inefficiency or an illegal action.
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Each year
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federal administrative agencies procue rules that fill an average of 7,500 pages in the code of Federal Regulations and that the regulations now contained in this code cover 144,000 pages.
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Enabling legislation
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A statute enacted by Congress that authorizes the creation of an administrative agency and specifies the name, composition, purpose, and powers of the agency being created.
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All vehicles that use
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internal combustion engines discharge carbon dioxide, which many researchers believe contributes to the threat of global waning. who should regulate carbon dioxide emissions?
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Iron Triangle
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the three-way alliance among legislators, bureaucrats, and interest groups to make or preserve policies that benefit their respective interests.
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Three farmers raise
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beef cattle on an Iowa farm To which part of the iron triangle in agriculture do they belong?
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Issue Network
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A group of individuals or organizations— which may consist of legislators and legislative staff members, interest group leaders, bureaucrats, the media, scholars, and other experts—that supports a particular policy position on a given issue.
