Chapter 18 Dual 1302 – Flashcards
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The American Federation of Labor: A. was primarily concerned with securing concrete economic gains B. was formed in 1869 but experienced most of its growth in the early years of the twentieth century C.was a federation of industrial unions; craft unions could not join until 1948 D.could claim as members almost half of all industrial workers in 1900 E.believed that unions with large numbers of immigrants hurt labor's cause
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A. was primarily concerned with securing concrete economic gains
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All of the following factors helped accelerate economic growth after the Civil War EXCEPT: A.the abundance of natural resources in the United States B.the development of labor saving machinery C.federal and state policies aimed at limiting foreign competition D.the use of prison labor by railroad companies E.innovative, bold leadership from energetic entrepreneurs
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D.the use of prison labor by railroad companies
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Why did Chinese refer to the Geary Act of 1892 as the "Dog Tag Law"? A.It mandated that when imprisoned, Chinese had to be sent to dog shelters. B.It was based on a "dangerous animal" ordinance passed the previous year. C.It required Chinese to carry their residential permit with them at all times or risk imprisonment and deportation. D.Chinese could not own any pets that were not registered with the federal government. E.It mandated that imprisoned Chinese be sent to hard labor camps where they manufactured dog tags.
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C.It required Chinese to carry their residential permit with them at all times or risk imprisonment and deportation.
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For industrial workers in Gilded Age America: A.real wages fell due to rising prices B.a forty-hour work week was the standard C.government regulations provided a safe work environment D.working and living conditions remained precarious E.forging a work permit for children was seen as taboo
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D.working and living conditions remained precarious
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Mary "Mother Jones" Harris promoted all of the following causes EXCEPT: A.higher wages B.shorter hours C.restrictions on child labor D.Temperance E.Social Justice
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D.Temperance
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Why was there a growth of craft unions during the Civil War? A.The end of slavery flooded the labor market with workers. B.The war sparked an increased demand for skilled labor. C.Unskilled laborers were constitutionally prohibited from unionizing. D.Craft unions would not have to admit the freedmen. E.The American education system expanded dramatically during that period.
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B.The war sparked an increased demand for skilled labor.
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The Industrial Workers of the World: A.had its origin in the mining and lumber camps of the West B.was less radical than the American Federation of Labor C.ended suddenly when its 1912 textile strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts, failed to win any concessions for the workers D.ended in 1903 when the organization's officers were convicted of embezzling most of its funds E.were known as the Know-Nothings
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A.had its origin in the mining and lumber camps of the West
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Crédit Mobilier is indicative of the type of shady big business financial practices that occurred during the Gilded Age because it: A.controlled the president as if he were its puppet B.ran both the steel and oil industries C.was dedicated to busting unions D.opposed the use of Chinese labor on railroad projects E.bribed officials and grossly overcharged for its services
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E.bribed officials and grossly overcharged for its services
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The work of Cornelius Vanderbilt helps emphasize that: A.the robber barons helped build the South's great universities B.Jay Gould might actually be seen as a good guy C.the Commodore's prowess as a naval officer in the Civil War opened doors to the D.business world following conflict business consolidation put the control of railroads in few hands E.the connections between railroads and early canals built fortunes
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D.business world following conflict business consolidation put the control of railroads in few hands
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The invention of electric motors did all of the following EXCEPT: A.made it possible for factories to locate wherever they wished B.led to the development of streetcars C.led to the bankruptcy of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company D.led to the development of elevators E.contributed to the development of suburbs
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C.led to the bankruptcy of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company
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Violence erupted at the Homestead Works in 1892 when: A.Andrew Carnegie announced the plant's sale to J. P. Morgan B.Henry Frick tried to break a strike by bringing in Pinkertons C.police attempted to break up a protest meeting D.Andrew Carnegie tried to replace one union with another one E.Andrew Carnegie fired Frick
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B.Henry Frick tried to break a strike by bringing in Pinkertons
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The Great Railroad Strike of 1877: A.was led by Samuel Gompers B.won higher wages for railroad workers C.did not have the support of the public at first, but as the strike (and its violence) spread, so did public sympathy for the strikers D.ended when the workers, who lacked organized bargaining power, returned to work E.began when Irish workers refused to work alongside Chinese
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D.ended when the workers, who lacked organized bargaining power, returned to work
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The Workingmen's Party of California: A.was the political wing of the National Labor Union B.was based on anti-Chinese sentiment C.campaigned (unsuccessfully) for restrictions on Mexican immigration D.ended when the 1877 railroad strike ushered in better working conditions E.folded when Grant sent the military to occupy the mines
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B.was based on anti-Chinese sentiment
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The state that gave the highest percentage vote to the Socialist presidential candidate in 1912 was: A.New York B.Wisconsin C.Oklahoma D.California E.Massachusetts
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C.Oklahoma
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How did the AFL differ from the Knights of Labor? A.The AFL was socialist while the Knights were capitalists. B.The AFL was a federation of national organizations, each of which retained a large degree of its autonomy, while the Knights organization was more centralized. C.The AFL was controlled by anarchists, while the Knights were statists. D.The AFL had no national leader, while the Knights looked to Terrence Powderly. E.The AFL was affiliated with Republicans, while the Knights supported Democrats.
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B.The AFL was a federation of national organizations, each of which retained a large degree of its autonomy, while the Knights organization was more centralized.
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The greatest growth of the Knights of Labor took place: A.in 1875, when the federal government outlawed the use of violence against union members B.in the mid-1880s, when the union had several strikes against the railroads C.under the leadership of Uriah S. Stephens D.as a result of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 E.after the Wobblies spit the NLU
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B.in the mid-1880s, when the union had several strikes against the railroads
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Joe Hill, the labor organizer, was NOT: Question options: A.Swedish B.a singer C.shot by a firing squad D.a Wobbly E.convicted of treason
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E.convicted of treason
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A transcontinental railroad was not built before the Civil War: A.the Appalachian Mountains presented great engineering problems B.Congress refused to consider federal subsidies for a private railroad C.the technologies for building long tunnels through the Rockies did not exist D.many southern states used the states' rights argument to reject federal aid for railroads E.North-South sectional differences prevented Congress from selecting a route
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E.North-South sectional differences prevented Congress from selecting a route
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Thomas Alva Edison invented the: A.first light bulb B.air brake for trains C.(heavier-than-air) airplane D.telephone E.mechanized cotton textile weaver
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A.first light bulb
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Why was the development of the alternating current electric system significant? A.It was essential for Edison to invent the light bulb. B.It powered the transcontinental railroad. C.It enabled electricity to be transmitted across long distances. D.It was safer than direct current electrical transmission. E.It was J. Pierpont Morgan's first successful investment.
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C.It enabled electricity to be transmitted across long distances.
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The Homestead strike: A) took place in Pennsylvania B) was a victory for the union C) involved workers at the Homestead Tobacco Company
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A) took place in Pennsylvania
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The IWW was effectively destroyed when it: A) kicked out Daniel De Leon and Eugene Debs B) opposed American involvement in World War I C) allowed the AFL to hire "Big Bill" Heywood
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B) opposed American involvement in World War I
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Jay Gould was: A) founder of the American steel industry B) the industrialist who invented the concept of vertical integration C) the most notorious of the railroad "robber barons"
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C) the most notorious of the railroad "robber barons"
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John D. Rockefeller: A) based the operations of Standard Oil in Pittsburgh B) became a leading philanthropist C) thought that, by giving his suppliers a profit, his own business would benefit
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B) became a leading philanthropist
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The Knights of Labor: A) allowed doctors, lawyers, and bankers to join their ranks B) sought for men and women to have equal pay C) formed a successful political party
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B) sought for men and women to have equal pay
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Most of the single men who endured low wages and dangerous conditions to build the Central Pacific Railroad were: A) Chinese B) Mexicans C) Native American
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A) Chinese
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Nikola Tesla's invention of the alternating-current motor did all of the following EXCEPT: A) made it possible for Westinghouse to defeat Edison B) made it possible for Edison to defeat Westinghouse C) made it possible to transmit high-voltage electricity
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A) made it possible for Westinghouse to defeat Edison
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The Pennsylvania oil rush: A) illustrated to many Americans that a dependence on oil might prove problematic in the future B) outweighed, in economic importance, the California gold rush of a decade before C) gave J. Pierpont Morgan his start in business
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B) outweighed, in economic importance, the California gold rush of a decade before
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The Pinkertons were _____________ who were often used to ________________. A) "detectives" and security guards; control workers B) early English union workers; break strikes among the Irish C) a branch of the IWW; infiltrate big business
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A) "detectives" and security guards; control workers
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What industry was "the first big business, the first magnet for the great financial markets, and the first industry to develop a large-scale management bureaucracy"? A) telephone B) steel C) railroads
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C) railroads
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Which of the following statements about the Socialist party of America is not true? A) Its support was confined to industrial workers in the Northeast. B) It was plagued by disagreements over America's participation in World War I. C) It elected mayors in 33 American cities.
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A) Its support was confined to industrial workers in the Northeast.
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William D. "Big Bill" Haywood: A) was the leader of the Industrial Workers of the World B) led a private army against striking miners in Colorado C) was elected mayor of Milwaukee in 1910
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A) was the leader of the Industrial Workers of the World
