question

Causes of the Depression

answer

The causes of the depression were a series of flaws, such as the unregulated stock market and bad farming, in the structure of the U.S economy. It resulted in the creation of many agencies that helped workers and attempted to prevent another depression by highlighting the problems with the economic structure of the U.S.

question

Relief, Recovery, Reform

answer

These were the categories into which the New Deal was split. Relief defined by the acts implemented in the area of aid to the unemployment. Recovery put forth measures that would help aid in the speedy recovery of areas hit hardest by the depression. Reform tried to recreate areas that seemed faulty

question

Fireside Chats

answer

The informal radio conversations Roosevelt had with the people to keep spirits up. It was a means of communicating with the people on how he would take on the depression.

question

Emergency Banking Act

answer

A government legislation passed during the depression that dealt with the bank problem. The act allowed a plan which would close down insolvent banks and reorganize and reopen those banks strong enough to survive.

question

Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act

answer

Government legislation that made 750 million dollars that had once been kept in the governments gold reserves now able to be used in the creation of loans. This allowed the banks to reopen and it gave the president the power to regulate banking transactions and foreign exchange. It also took the U.S off the gold standard and introduced FDIC.

question

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

answer

An independent federal agency created by Glass-Steagall Reform Act. It insures up to $100,000 for bank deposits, thus helping put faith back into the banks.

question

Securities and Exchange Commission

answer

Government agency having primary responsibility for enforcing the Federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry. It protected investors, listened to complaints, issued licenses and penalized fraud.

question

Civilian Conservation Corps

answer

The CCC was a New Deal program created by the Unemployment Relief Act. It provided employment in government camps for 3 million men. The work they were involved in included reforestation, fire fighting, flood control, and swamp drainage.

question

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

answer

Government agency that was a part of the New Deal. It allocated $500 million to relieve cities and states. To help with the unemployment problem.

question

Harry Hopkins

answer

The head of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration and a friend of FDR. He was very involved in reforms in the Great Depression and in the 30's and 40's in such issues as unemployment and mortgages.

question

Home Owners Loan Corporation

answer

As part of the Hundred Days that understood the nation's tragedy of foreclosed mortgages, the HOLC refinanced American home mortgages. This effort allowed one-fifth of all U.S. mortgages to become refinanced which would prevent another Great Depression

question

Dust Bowl

answer

A series of dust storms in the Central U.S caused by many years of bad farming techniques. It caused many farmers to move west as well as remove the top soil.

question

McNary-Haugen Farm Bill

answer

A proposed law to limit agricultural sales within the United States, and either store them or export them. It was an attempt to prevent an agricultural inflation and to keep prices normal.

question

Agricultural Adjustment Act

answer

It was a governmental legislation that restricted production during the New Deal by paying farmers to reduce crop area. The Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, to oversee the distribution of the subsidies to alleviate the problems with farms out west.

question

United States v. Butler

answer

This was a Supreme Court case during the New Deal. The case ruled the AAA unconstitutional because it taxed one group to pay another.

question

Second Agricultural Adjustment Act

answer

Same as the first AAA but funded from general taxation, and therefore acceptable to the Supreme Court. The Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, to oversee the distribution of the subsidies to alleviate the problems with farms out west.

question

Resettlement Administration

answer

Another New Deal program that dealt with the farm-problems of the depression. This agency created loans for small farmers and sharecroppers to buy their own farms, solving the government's sharecropper-problem.

question

Indian Reorganization Act

answer

Government legislation that allowed the Indians a form of self-government and thus willingly shrank the authority of the U.S. government. It provided the Indians direct ownership of their land, credit, a constitution, and a charter in which Indians could manage their own affairs.

question

National Recovery Administration

answer

Government agency that was part of the New Deal and dealt with the industrial sector of the economy. It allowed industries to create fair competition which were intended to reduce destructive competition and to help workers by setting minimum wages and maximum weekly hours.

question

Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States

answer

This case took place in May 1935 when a New York company was charged with a violation of an NRA poultry code which dealt with wage-fixing and pricess. It resulted in the Supreme Court declaring the NRA unconstitutional by stating that the NRA was regulating interstate commerce a violation of federal regulation.

question

Tennessee Valley Authority

answer

A New Deal agency created to generate electric power and control floods in a seven-U.S.-state region around the Tennessee River Valley . It created many dams that provided electricity as well as jobs.

question

National Industrial Recovery Act

answer

A New Deal legislation that focused on the employment of the unemployed and the regulation of unfair business ethics. The NIRA pumped cash into the economy to stimulate the job market and created codes that businesses were to follow to maintain the ideal of fair competition and created the NRA.

question

Francis Townsend

answer

Townshend was a retired physician who developed a plan in which the government would give monetary resources to senior citizens ages sixty and over He and other demagogues pushed FDR to move the New Deal to help people directly and laid the foundations of the creation of Social Security.

question

Charles Coughlin

answer

A radio priest who was anti-Semetic and anti-New Deal. He catered away some support from FDR.

question

Huey P. Long

answer

A presidential candidate in the 1936 election known for his Share the Wealth program. He and other demagogues pushed FDR to move the New Deal to help people directly.

question

Social Security Act

answer

A governmental legislation created to give money to those in need. It created a federal insurance program based on the automatic collection of taxes from employees and employers throughout people's working careers.

question

Works Progress Administration

answer

New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.

question

Wagner Act

answer

A New Deal legislation that was supported by R. F. Wagner. It established defined unjust labor practices, secured workers the right to bargain collectively, and established the National Labor Relations Board.

question

NLRB v. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation

answer

Court case where Jones & Laughlin was accused with discriminating against workers who wanted a union. It declared that the National Labor Relations Act (commonly known as the Wagner Act) was constitutional.

question

Norris-LaGuardia Act

answer

This was a government legislation that dealt with workers and unions. It forbade "yellow dog contracts" as well as ensuring the freedom to from unions by withdrawing federal power to issue injunctions and prevent employer interference.

question

Congress of Industrial Organization

answer

A federation of labor union for all unskilled workers. It provided a national labor union for unskilled workers, unlike the AFL, which limited itself to skilled workers.

question

John L. Lewis

answer

He was a miner known for creating the United Mine Workers. He helped found the CIO and was responsible for the Fair Labor Standards Act.

question

Walsh Healy Act

answer

A government legislation that dealt with worker condition, hours, and wages. It stated that workers must be paid a minimum wage; it restricted regular work hours to eight hours a day and 40 hours a week, prohibited the employment of convicts and children under 18, and established sanitation and safety standards.

question

Fair Labor Standards Act

answer

A government legislation that dealt with wages and child labor. It established a minimum wage and prohibited child labor in harsh and dangerous conditions.

Apush Unit 13 Answers – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards