Us History Test Questions – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Which geographic advantage did the United States gain by purchasing the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803? 1)warm-water ports on the Atlantic coast 2)rich fishing areas in the Great Lakes 3)full control of the Mississippi River 4)vast coal reserves in the region west of Pennsylvania
answer
3
question
Which group benefited most from the United States acquisition of the port of New Orleans? 1)farmers in the Ohio River Valley 2)Native American Indians in the Southwest 3)fur trappers in the Columbia River Valley 4)gold miners in northern California
answer
1
question
In the early 1800's, the need for a water route to help farmers ship their products to market was one reason for the 1)Gadsden Purchase 2)Louisiana Purchase 3)Mexican Cession 4)Missouri Compromise
answer
2
question
Because of fertile land and a long growing season, plantations in the thirteen colonies developed in 1)New England 2)the Middle Atlantic region 3)the South 4)the upper Mississippi River valley
answer
3
question
In which section of early 19th-century America was the plantation system an important feature? 1)New England 2)the Middle Atlantic states 3)the South 4)the West
answer
3
question
Acquiring New Orleans as part of the Louisiana Purchase was considered important to the development of the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys because the city 1)provided protection from attacks by the Spanish 2)provided migrant workers for river valley farms 3)served as a port for American agricultural goods 4)served as the cultural center for the nation
answer
3
question
Farmers in the Ohio River valley gained the greatest economic benefit when the United States acquired the 1)Oregon Territory 2)Gadsden Purchase 3)Louisiana Territory 4)Mexican Cession
answer
3
question
Since the late 1700s, the Mississippi River has been a vital waterway because it 1)divided the northern territories from the southern territories 2)allowed American farmers direct access to Canadian markets 3)connected the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean 4)provided farmers and merchants an outlet to the Gulf of Mexico
answer
4
question
Formation of Government: Question 2 of 161 "We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; . . ." This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were 1)limitations of the principles underlying most European governments of the 1700's. adaptations of the laws of 2)Spanish colonial governments in North America. 3)adoptions of rules used by the Holy Roman Empire. 4)reflections of the philosophies of the European Enlightenment.
answer
4
question
The system of checks and balances is best illustrated by the power of 1)the President to veto a bill passed by Congress 2)Congress to censure one of its members 3)a governor to send the National Guard to stop a riot 4)state and Federal gov-ernments to levy and collect taxes
answer
1
question
Adherence to a strict interpretation of the Constitution would have prevented President Thomas Jefferson from 1)making the Louisiana Purchase 2)writing "State of the Union" messages 3)receiving ambassadors 4)commissioning military officers
answer
1
question
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." This quotation reflects beliefs mainly derived from 1)the Magna Carta 2)the divine right monarchs of Europe 3)John Locke's theory of natural rights 4)Marxist philosophy
answer
3
question
The Dred Scott decision on the issue of slavery upheld the Southern viewpoint that 1)the power of the Supreme Court does not extend to cases of race 2)Congress could not pass a law depriving territorial residents of their property 3)a national vote should be held to decide the legality of slavery 4)the economic well-being of the western states depended on slave labor
answer
2
question
The Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) helped to increase sectional conflict because the decision 1)denied Congress the power to regulate slavery in the territories 2)allowed for the importation of enslaved persons for ten years 3)prohibited slavery in lands west of the Mississippi River 4)gave full citizenship to all enslaved persons
answer
1
question
Antifederalists criticized the United States Constitution primarily because governing power was concentrated in the 1)State legislatures 2)President's Cabinet 3)delegates to the Constitutional Convention 4)National Government
answer
4
question
"In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this, you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place, oblige it to control itself." This passage from the Federalist Papers refers to the need for 1)a strong executive 2)a system of checks and balances 3)an independent military 4)a national education system
answer
2
question
A member of the United States Congress must resign from Congress if elected or appointed to a position in the executive or judicial branch. This requirement is an example of 1)limited terms for Federal officials 2)judicial review 3)separation of powers 4)States' rights
answer
3
question
Which historical event best demonstrates the operation of checks and balances? 1)President George Washington used the Army to suppress a tax rebellion by Pennsylvania farmers 2)South Carolina seceded from the Union over the issues of slavery and States rights. 3)President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent Federal troops to enforce the integration of public schools in Little Rock, Arkansas. 4)The Senate approved the appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court.
answer
4
question
During the debates over the ratification of the United States Constitution, Federalists and Anti-Federalists disagreed most strongly over the 1)division of powers between the national and state governments 2)provision for admitting new states to the Union 3)distribution of power between the Senate and the House of Representatives 4)method of amending the Constitution
answer
1
question
Senate ratification of treaties negotiated by the President is required by the United States Constitution as a way of 1)maintaining United States prestige in international affairs 2)preventing Federal abuse of State power 3)implementing the principle of checks and balances 4)expanding the authority of the executive branch
answer
3
question
John Locke's theory of the social contract, as developed in the United States Declaration of Independence, stated that 1)the people should revolt against a government that did not protect their rights 2)monarchs could rule autocratically, but they had to grant certain rights to their subjects 3)legislatures should have more power than kings 4)government should guarantee equal economic conditions to all people
answer
1
question
The clash between President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the United States Supreme Court over New Deal laws best illustrates the operation of 1)federalism 2)due process 3)checks and balances 4)the two-party system
answer
3
question
Which concept from the European Enlightenment was included in the United States Constitution? 1)absolutism 2)despotism 3)limited monarchy 4)consent of the governed
answer
4
question
A system of checks and balances was included in the United States Constitution because the authors were concerned about 1)one branch of government becoming too strong 2)the states having too much power 3)the people having a voice in government 4)the military gaining control of the United States
answer
1
question
Which feature of the unwritten constitution is part of the system of checks and balances? 1)the cabinet 2)judicial review 3)political parties 4)legislative lobbies
answer
2
question
The Federalist Papers were a series of newspaper articles published in 1787 and 1788 to win support for the 1)right of the colonies to rebel against Great Britain 2)right of a state to secede from the Union 3)ratification of the United States Constitution 4)construction of an interstate canal system
answer
3
question
Which statement from the United States Constitution is referred to as the elastic clause? 1)"All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States. . . . " 2)"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. . . . " 3)"All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives. . . . " 4)"Congress shall have power . . . to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers. . . . "
answer
4
question
Which newspaper headline shows the operation of the system of checks and balances? 1)"Senate Rejects President's Choice of Supreme Court Justice" 2)"Florida To Gain Two Seats in the United States House of Representatives" 3)"Albany County Receives $4 Million from Congress for Transportation Development" 4)"New York State Rejects Federal Regulations on Drug Testing"
answer
1
question
One reason the United States Constitution is considered a flexible document is that it 1)can be rewritten every ten years 2)allows for the creation of a multiparty political system 3)gives the states the power to change federal laws 4)includes the elastic clause
answer
4
question
The Federalist Papers were published in 1787 and 1788 to help gain support for 1)a bill of rights 2)the ratification of the Constitution 3)a weaker central government 4)the abolition of slavery and the slave trade
answer
2
question
• Congress proposes an amendment legalizing an income tax. • The Supreme Court rules that the income tax is unconstitutional. These events illustrate the use of 1)delegated powers 2)checks and balances 3)judicial legislation 4)the unwritten constitution
answer
2
question
Which information on the writing of the Constitution is considered a primary source? 1)a newspaper editorial written in 1887 2)an encyclopedia article on the Constitution 3)the book, An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution, by Charles Beard 4)notes from the Constitutional Convention taken by James Madison
answer
4
question
To avoid having too much power concentrated in one branch of government, the framers of the 1)Constitution established a bicameral national legislature 2)division of power among different levels of government 3)the system of two political parties 4)the system of checks and balances
answer
4
question
Congress established a minimum wage for workers and regulations on radio broadcasts by combining its delegated power to regulate interstate commerce with the 1)sanctity of contract clause 2)due process clause 3)elastic clause 4)writ of habeas corpus clause
answer
3
question
In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was influenced most by John Locke's idea of 1)due process of law 2)natural rights 3)the rights of the accused 4)the right to privacy
answer
2
question
The principles of government that Thomas Jefferson included in the Declaration of Independence were most influenced by 1)John Locke's social contract theory 2)Adam Smith's ideas of free enterprise 3)Louis XIV's belief in divine right 4)William Penn's views on religious toleration
answer
1
question
French Enlightenment philosopher Baron De Montesquieu praised the British political system because it divided the power of government between the monarch and the two houses of Parliament. Which principle included in the United States Constitution shows that the framers agreed with Montesquieu? 1)separation of powers 2)federal supremacy 3)implied powers 4)due process
answer
1
question
Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence most clearly reflects the idea that the people are the source of government? 1)". . . that all men are created equal,..." 2)". .. all men are . . . endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights 3)". . . deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. . ." 4)". . . governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes . . .
answer
3
question
The speakers below are discussing foreign policies that the United States has followed at various times. Base your answers on their statements and on your knowledge of social studies. Speaker A: Steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world. Speaker B: The United States will give economic aid to needy countries anywhere in the world, but will not provide military aid. Speaker C: The United States must prevent the growth of communism. Speaker D: The United States can take over other countries to help them become more like us. Which speaker states a policy most similar to the foreign policy advice given by President George Washington in his Farewell Address? A B C D
answer
A
question
"We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; . . ." This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were 1)limitations of the principles underlying most European governments of the 1700's. 2)adaptations of the laws of Spanish colonial governments in North America. 3)adoptions of rules used by the Holy Roman Empire. reflections of the philosophies of the 4)European Enlightenment.
answer
4
question
Alexander Hamilton's argument that the government has the power to create a National Bank is based on which part of the Constitution? 1)the Preamble 2)the elastic clause 3)guarantees to the States 4)the Bill of Rights
answer
2
question
Speaker A:"We must take action even if we are not sure it will work. To do nothing to stop them would be a repeat of the Munich mistake." Speaker B:"We must recognize the increasing interdependence of nations and join the United Nations." Speaker C:"Stopping the spread of communism can and must take several forms. We must be willing to do whatever is necessary." Speaker D:"Involvement in European affairs would be a mistake. We should not jeopardize our peace and prosperity over issues that Europe's ambitions and rivalries control." Which speaker best describes the basic foreign policy of the United States until the late 1800's? Speaker A Speaker B Speaker C Speaker D
answer
D
question
"Our true policy is to steer clear of permanent alliances . . . ." -George Washington President Washington made this statement to warn against United States involvement in 1)European military conflicts 2)international trade 3)the race for overseas colonies 4)westward expansion
answer
1
question
One factor that led to the formation of the first two political parties in the United States in the 1790s was the conflict over the 1)distribution of power between the federal and state governments 2)spread of slavery into the western territories 3)control of interstate commerce 4)acquisition of lands from France and Spain
answer
1
question
A major reason the Antifederalists opposed the ratification of the United States Constitution was because the Constitution 1)created a national bank 2)lacked a provision for a federal court system 3)failed to provide for the direct election of members of the House of Representatives 4)changed the balance of power between the state and national governments
answer
4
question
The legal basis for the United States purchase of the Louisiana Territory was the 1)power granted to the President to make treaties 2)President's power as Commander in Chief 3)authority of Congress to declare war 4)Senate's duty to approve the appointment of ambassadors
answer
1
question
"Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820) "California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850) "Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854) Which issue is reflected in these headlines? 1)enactment of protective tariffs 2)extension of slavery 3)voting rights for minorities 4)universal public education
answer
2
question
The Louisiana Purchase had great geographic significance for the United States because it 1)reduced British control of North America 2)focused the United States on westward expansion 3)extended United States control over Mexico 4)decreased tensions with Native American Indians
answer
2
question
When President Thomas Jefferson acquired the Louisiana Territory from France, he demonstrated that he had modified his belief that 1)the Constitution should be strictly interpreted 2)the federal government should limit individual rights 3)adding territory would lead to regional rivalries 4)commercial development was the main goal of the federal government
answer
1
question
During the early 1800s, the United States placed few restrictions on immigration because 1)the Constitution did not allow restrictions 2)labor unions welcomed the new workers 3)southern landowners needed additional workers 4)the industrial economy was creating new jobs
answer
4
question
Before the Civil War, the principle of popular sovereignty was proposed as a means of 1)allowing states to secede from the Union 2)permitting voters to nullify federal laws 3)deciding the legalization of slavery in a new state 4)overturning unpopular decisions of the Supreme Court
answer
3
question
Which geographic advantage did the United States gain by purchasing the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803? 1)warm-water ports on the Atlantic coast 2)rich fishing areas in the Great Lakes 3)full control of the Mississippi River 4)vast coal reserves in the region west of Pennsylvania
answer
3
question
As the United States acquired more land between 1803 and 1850, controversy over these territories focused on the 1)need for schools and colleges 2)failure to conserve natural resources 3)expansion of slavery construction of 4)transcontinental railroads
answer
3
question
In 1862, the Homestead Act and the Pacific Railway Act were passed primarily to 1)achieve Northern victory in the Civil War 2)develop the Midwest and western parts of the country 3)improve the lives of freed slaves 4)expand overseas markets to Asia and Europe
answer
2
question
The Louisiana Purchase initially presented a dilemma for President Thomas Jefferson because he believed it would 1)lead to war with Great Britain 2)bankrupt the new nation 3)force Native American Indians off their lands 4)violate his strict constructionist view of the Constitution
answer
4
question
The rapid westward migration caused by the discovery of gold in California led directly to 1)the start of the Civil War 2)the adoption of the Compromise of 1850 3)increased trade through the Panama Canal 4)control of the United States Senate by the slave states
answer
2
question
Manifest Destiny was used to justify an American desire to 1)limit the number of immigrants entering the country 2)control the area located east of the Appalachian Mountains 3)expand the United States to the Pacific Ocean 4)warn European countries against colonizing Latin America
answer
3
question
The rulings of the Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), and Korematsu v. United States (1944) all demonstrate that the Supreme Court has 1)continued to extend voting rights to minorities 2)protected itself from internal dissent 3)sometimes failed to protect the rights of minorities 4)often imposed restrictions on free speech during wartime
answer
3
question
"Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820) "California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850) "Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854) Which issue is reflected in these headlines? 1)enactment of protective tariffs 2)extension of slavery 3)voting rights for minorities 4)universal public education
answer
2
question
Before the Civil War, slavery expanded in the South rather than in the North because 1)the Constitution contained a clause that outlawed the importation of slaves into the Northern states 2)Congress passed a law forbidding slavery in the North 3)Northern states passed affirmative action legislation 4)geographic conditions in the South encouraged the development of large plantations
answer
4
question
"A house divided against itself cannot stand. . . . I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other. . . ." -Abraham Lincoln, 1858 The "divided house" referred to in this speech was caused primarily by 1)expansionism 2)war with Mexico 3)slavery 4)the suffrage movement
answer
3
question
"[The registrar] brought a big old book out there, and he gave me the sixteenth section of the constitution of Mississippi, . . . I could copy it like it was in the book, but after I got through copying it, he told me to give a reasonable interpretation and tell the meaning of the section I had copied. Well, I flunked out." Source: A History of the United States since 1861 The main intent of the literacy test described in the passage was to 1)encourage reform of the political system 2)encourage Mississippi residents to learn about their state's legal system 3)prevent African Americans from exercising a basic right 4)enforce the provisions of the United States Constitution
answer
3
question
After the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, African Americans continued to experience political and economic oppression mainly because 1)the amendments were not intended to solve their problems 2)many African Americans distrusted the Federal Government 3)Southern legislatures enacted Jim Crow laws 4)poor communications kept people from learning about their legal rights
answer
3
question
Poll taxes and grandfather clauses were devices used to 1)deny African Americans the right to vote 2)extend suffrage to women and 18-year-old citizens 3)raise money for political campaigns 4)prevent immigrants from becoming citizens
answer
1
question
In their plans for Reconstruction, both President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson sought to 1)punish the South for starting the Civil War 2)force the Southern States to pay reparations to the Federal Government 3)allow the Southern States to reenter the nation as quickly as possible 4)establish the Republican Party as the only political party in the South
answer
3
question
The poll tax, the literacy test, and the actions of the Ku Klux Klan were all attempts to limit the effectiveness of 1)the 14th and 15th amendments 2)the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education 3)civil rights legislation passed in all states after the Civil War 4)immigration laws such as the Gentleman's Agreement and the Chinese Exclusion Act
answer
1
question
A major reason the Radical Republicans opposed President Abraham Lincoln's Reconstruction plan was that his plan 1)demanded payments from the South that would have damaged its economy 2)postponed the readmission of Southern States into the Union for many years 3)granted too many rights to formerly enslaved persons 4)offered amnesty to nearly all Confederates who would swear allegiance to the United States
answer
4
question
How were many African Americans in the South affected after Reconstruction ended in 1877? 1)A constitutional amendment guaranteed their social advancement 2)The Freedmen's Bureau helped them become farmowners. 3)Jim Crow laws placed major restrictions on their rights. 4)Southern factories offered them job training and employment opportunities
answer
3
question
"No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges . . . of citizens . . . nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. . . ." The major purpose of these provisions of the 14th Amendment was to 1)limit the power of the federal government 2)expand the civil rights of women 3)maintain competition in business 4)protect the rights of African Americans
answer
4
question
The 14th and 15th Amendments, passed during Reconstruction, resulted in 1)equal rights for women in the United States 2)expanded rights for Native American Indians on reservations 3)increased individual rights for African Americans 4)additional rights for Southern segregationists
answer
3
question
What effect did the system of sharecropping have on the South after the Civil War? 1)It kept formerly enslaved persons economically dependent. 2)It brought investment capital to the South. 3)It encouraged Northerners to migrate south. 4)It provided for a fairer distribution of farm profits.
answer
1
question
The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the 1)Compromise of 1850 2)Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 3)creation of the Freedmen's Bureau in 1865 4)ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865
answer
4
question
In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming 1)conductors on the Underground Railroad 2)workers in Northern factories 3)sharecroppers on Southern farms 4)gold miners in California
answer
3
question
The passage of the Homestead Act and the completion of the transcontinental railroad helped to fulfill the United States commitment to 1)Reconstruction 2)racial equality 3)manifest destiny 4)conservation of natural resources
answer
3
question
In the period from 1860 to 1900, the Federal Government encouraged the settlement of the West by 1)passing an increased number of liberal immigration laws 2)selling the most fertile public land to Native American Indians 3)providing free transportation to settlers moving to the frontier 4)granting tracts of land to railroad companies to encourage construction
answer
4
question
In which pair of events did the first event most directly influence the second? 1)discovery of gold in California --> Louisiana Purchase 2)building of the transcontinental railroad --> disappearance of the frontier 3)settling of the Oregon Territory --> passage of the Homestead Act 4)assimilation of Native American Indians into American society --> passage of the Dawes Act
answer
2
question
The aim of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to 1)restore previously taken land to Native American Indian tribes 2)maintain traditional Native American Indian cultures 3)assimilate Native American Indians into American culture 4)end all governmental contact with Native American Indians
answer
3
question
The passage of the Dawes Act in 1887 was primarily an attempt by the United States government to 1)limit the power of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 2)return eastern land to Native American Indian tribes 3)encourage Native American Indians to give up their traditional cultures 4)hire Native American Indians as military scouts
answer
3
question
The purpose of the Homestead Act of 1862, which provided free federal land, was to 1)encourage settlement of the West 2)set up reservations for Native American Indians 3)establish land-grant agricultural colleges 4)assist in the construction of transcontinental railroads
answer
1
question
The Homestead Act was important in the growth of the West because it 1)set aside reservations for Native American Indians 2)created the Department of Agriculture to aid farmers 3)encouraged settlement of the Great Plains 4)provided land to build a canal system
answer
3
question
The Homestead Act of 1862 helped the development of the West by 1)providing free land to settlers 2)granting land for construction of transcontinental railroads 3)allowing slavery to spread to the territories 4)placing Native American Indians on reservations
answer
1
question
The Homestead Act, the mass killing of buffalo, and the completion of the transcontinental railroad are most closely associated with the 1)rise of organized labor 2)building of the Erie Canal 3)northern migration of African Americans 4)decline of the Plains Indians
answer
4
question
In the period from 1865 to 1900, the United States Government aided the development of the West by 1)maintaining free and unlimited coinage of silver 2)offering low-interest loans to businesses 3)granting land to railroad companies 4)providing price supports for farm products
answer
3
question
"Prices and wages should be determined by the marketplace." The author of this statement would most probably support 1)government ownership of utilities 2)minimum-wage laws 3)wage and price controls 4)laissez-faire capitalism
answer
4
question
After the Civil War, one way business leaders tried to eliminate competition was by 1)forming monopolies or trusts 2)developing overseas markets 3)increasing the prices of their products 4)paying high wages to their workers
answer
1
question
In the United States, organized labor made its greatest membership gains when 1)the right to unionize and bargain collectively was guaranteed by legislation 2)international competition began to threaten jobs in the United States 3)the major business groups encouraged unionization 4)the economy began to shift from manufacturing to service employment
answer
1
question
During the latter half of the 19th century, many business organizations in the United States combined into large corporations because 1)income levels for workers would be improved 2)government intervention in economic affairs would decline 3)efficiency in production methods could be increased 4)economic possibilities outside the United States could be explored
answer
3
question
Many reformers who opposed the laissez-faire attitude of the late 19th century argued that 1)the National Government should not interfere in the activities of big business ...big business 2)national wealth could best be assured by the accumulation of gold 3)the idea of rugged individualism is vital to the nation's economic growth 4)government should protect society through the regulation of business
answer
4
question
During the late 1800's, labor unions in the United States had their greatest success in 1)persuading the government to limit most immigration 2)organizing skilled workers into craft unions 3)winning the great majority of strikes 4)achieving a legally guaranteed minimum wage
answer
2
question
Which term best describes United States economic policy during the era of the rise of big business (1865-1900)? 1)laissez-faire capitalism 2)mercantilism 3)Marxism 4)welfare-state capitalism
answer
1
question
Statement A: "The best way to economic recovery is to subsidize industry so that it will hire more workers and expand production." Statement B: "If jobs are not available, the government must create jobs for those who are unemployed." Statement C: "According to human nature, the most talented people will always come out on top." Statement D: "Our government is responsible for the nation's economic well-being." Which statement is closest to the philosophy of Social Darwinism? Speaker A Speaker B Speaker C Speaker D
answer
C
question
During the late 1800's, a major reaction to the activities of labor unions in the United States was that 1)the press in most communities supported unions 2)United States Presidents opposed the use of Federal troops to end strikes called by organized labor 3)courts frequently issued injunctions to stop strikes 4)most factory workers quickly joined the unions
answer
3
question
Many wealthy American industralists of the late 19th century used the theory of Social Darwinism to 1)support the labor union movement 2)justify monopolistic actions 3)promote legislation establishing a minimum wage 4)encourage charitable orga-nizations to help the poor
answer
2
question
According to the theory of laissez faire, the economy functions best when the government 1)subsidizes business so that it can compete worldwide 2)regulates businesses for the good of the majority 3)owns major industries 4)does not interfere in business
answer
4
question
The American Federation of Labor became the first long-lasting, successful labor union in the United States mainly because it 1)refused to participate in strikes against employers 2)concentrated on organizing workers in industries in the South 3)formed its own political party and elected many prolabor public officials 4)fought for the rights of skilled workers
answer
4
question
During the second half of the 19th century, government commitment to the principles of laissez-faire capitalism contributed to 1)healthy and positive competition between businesses 2)the growth of small business firms 3)friendly working relationships between labor and management 4)economic domination by business trusts
answer
4
question
In the late 19th century, owners of big businesses generally embraced Social Darwinism because it reinforced their belief that 1)economic success demonstrates fitness to lead 2)business monopolies are contrary to the social order 3)all wealth should be returned to society 4)economic competition should be regulated
answer
1
question
Which factor most influenced the growth of the United States economy between 1865 and 1900? 1)development of the sharecropping system 2)success of organized labor 3)governmental policy of laissez faire 4)restrictions on immigration
answer
3
question
One factor that furthered industrialization in the United States between 1865 and 1900 was the 1)development of the airplane 2)expansion of the railroads 3)mass production of automobiles 4)widespread use of steamboats
answer
2
question
During the late 19th century, Samuel Gompers, Terence Powderly, and Eugene Debs were leaders in the movement to 1)stop racial segregation of Native American Indians 2)limit illegal immigration 3)gain fair treatment of Native American Indians 4)improve working conditions
answer
4
question
The 19th-century philosophy of Social Darwinism maintained that 1)the government should have control over the means of production and the marketplace 2)all social class distinctions in American society should be eliminated 3)economic success comes to those who are the hardest working and most competent 4)wealth and income should be more equally distributed
answer
3
question
The slogan "Eight hours for work, eight hours for sleep, eight hours for what we will" was used in the late 1800s to promote a major goal of 1)farmers 2)politicians 3)industrialists 4)organized labor
answer
4
question
What was the main benefit that labor unions of the late 19th century gained for their members? 1)job security 2)improved wages and hours 3)paid vacations 4)health insurance
answer
2
question
In the late 1800s, the theory of laissez-faire capitalism was used by many industrialists to 1)petition the government for assistance during times of financial crisis 2)oppose colonial expansion in Africa and Asia 3)argue against government regulation of business practices 4)defend limits on the number of immigrants allowed to work in factories
answer
3
question
Speaker A: "When demand ran high, and markets were scarce, he showed little mercy, broke his contracts for delivery and raised prices." Speaker B: "The man of wealth must hold his fortune 'in trust' for the community and use it for philanthropic and charitable purposes." Speaker C: "It is cruel to slander the rich because they have been successful. They have gone into great enterprises that have enriched the nation and the nation has enriched them." Speaker D: "The fruits of the toil of millions are boldly stolen to build up colossal fortunes for the few, unprecedented in the history of mankind." Which two speakers would most likely label late 19th-century industrialists as robber barons? 1)A and B 2)A and D 3)B and C 4)C and D
answer
2
question
The American Federation of Labor responded to the situation shown in the cartoon by 1)organizing skilled workers into unions 2)encouraging open immigration 3)forming worker-owned businesses 4)creating a single union of workers and farmers
answer
1
question
In the late 1800s, supporters of laissez-faire capitalism claimed that government regulation of business would be 1)essential to protect the rights of consumers 2)necessary to provide jobs for the unemployed 3)useful in competing with foreign nations 4)harmful to economic growth
answer
4
question
The term robber baron was used to criticize the 1)tactics of big-business leaders 2)corruption of government officials 3)dishonesty of carpetbaggers 4)unskilled labor of illegal immigrants
answer
1
question
During the late 1800s, the defenders of Social Darwinism would most likely have supported 1)labor unions 2)progressive income taxes 3)laissez-faire capitalism 4)environmental conservation
answer
3
question
In the late 1800s, many business practices of the railroads led to 1)an increase in the unemployment rate 2)an increase in the demand for government regulation 3)a decrease in the demand for raw materials 4)a decrease in the variety of products available for consumers
answer
2
question
We mean to make things over, we are tired of toil for naught, With but bare enough to live upon, and never an hour for thought; We want to feel the sunshine, and we want to smell the flowers, We are sure that God has will'd it, and we mean to have eight hours. We're summoning our forces from the shipyard, shop and mill, Chorus. Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest, eight hours for what we will! Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest, eight hours for what we will! — I.G. Blanchard, "Eight Hours," 1878 During the late 1800s, the ideas expressed in these lyrics were the goals of 1)organizers of labor unions 2)sharecroppers following the Civil War 3)Grangers demanding railroad regulation 4)owners of big businesses
answer
1
question
In the late 19th century, the pattern of United States immigration changed in that 1)far fewer immigrants arrived in the United States than in previous years 2)most immigrants chose to settle in the rural, farming regions of the western United States 3)increasing numbers of immigrants came from eastern and southern Europe 4)most immigrants were political refugees
answer
3
question
What was the experience of most of the "new immigrants" who arrived in the United States from southern and eastern Europe in the late 1800s and early 1900s? 1)They lived in urban areas and most held lowpaying jobs. 2)They obtained free land in the West and became farmers. 3)They became discouraged with America and returned to their homelands. 4)They were easily assimilated into mainstream American culture.
answer
1
question
The "new immigrants" to the United States between 1890 and 1915 came primarily from 1)southern and eastern Europe 2)northern and western Europe 3)East Asia 4)Latin America
answer
1
