question

Who was the author of "the bible against slavery" which used passages from the bible to discredit slavery.

answer

Theodore Dwight Weld

question

In their book " American slavery as it is" Theodore Dwight Weld and the Grimke sisters

answer

Addressed a simple question " what is the actual condition of the slaves in the United States?" Using reports from Southern newspapers and firsthand testimony, they presented a mass of incriminating evidence.

question

In his 1829 pamphlet, "An Appeal...to the Colored Citizens of the World," David Walker

answer

Written in 1829, this pamphlet was written by David Walker. Blacks could only be liberated from slavery/oppression by universal emancipation. He called the British people the black's best friends. He celebrated the Haitian Revolution as the "Glory of blacks, terror of tyrants." He said blacks must take possession of their own rights, but he warned that the Haitian revolutionaries had been "butchered." The pamphlet was disseminated via black sailors. When it was found in the South, it created a backlash against abolition. In the North it radicalized white abolitionists.

question

As a result of Turner's Rebellion, the Virginia legislature

answer

-Deeply shaken by Turners rebellion, the Virginia assembly debated a law providing for gradual emancipation and colonization abroad. When the bill failed by a vote of 73 to 58, the possibility that southern planters would voluntarily end slavery was gone forever. Instead, the southern states toughned their slave codes, limited black movement, and prohibited anyone from teaching slaves to read. They would meet Walker/s radical Appeal with radical measures of their own. -the state legislature of Virginia considered abolishing slavery, but instead voted to tighten the laws restricting blacks' freedom in hopes of preventing any further insurrection.

question

In its campaign to end slavery, the American Anti-Slavery Society

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-(political campaign) in 1835, the American anti-slavery society bombarded congress with petitions demanding the abolition of slavery in the District of Colombia, and end to the interstate slave trade, and a ban on admission of new slave states. By 1838, petitions with nearly 500,000 signatures had arrived in Washington. Such activities drew support from thousands of deeply religious farmers and small town proprieters. The number of local abolitionist societies grew from 200 in 1835 to 2,000 by 1840,with nearly 200,000 members, including many transcendentalists.

question

People supporting abolitionism in the 1830s were a majority in

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none of the above

question

Who would have been most likely to support abolitionism?

answer

Northerners and Midwesterners.

question

President Andrew Jackson responded to calls for abolition by

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Asked congress in 1835 to restrict the use of the mails by abolitionist groups. Congress refused, but in 1836, the House of Representatives adopted the so-called gag rule. Under this informal rule, which remained in force until 1844, antislavery petitions to the House were automatically tabled and not discussed, keeping the explosive issue of slavery off the congressional stage.

question

By the early 1840s, Garrison and his supporters in the American Anti-Slavery Society

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advocated a broad-based reform program, embracing women's participation in the society, pacifism, and the abolition of prisons and asylums.

question

The Liberty Party was founded by

answer

Gerrit Smith

question

The women's rights' advocates had their origins in

answer

the Second Great Awekening and reform

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Publications such as Godey's Lady's Book and Catharine Beecher's Treatise on Domestic Economy

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instructed women on how to make their homes more moral and efficient and reinforced middle-class domesticity.

question

Efforts by women reformers to regulate sexual behavior resulted in laws in Massachusetts and New York that

answer

They also founded homes of refuge for prostitutes and won the passage of laws in Massachusetts and New York that made seduction a crime.

question

In her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe

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Charged that one of the greatest moral failings of slavery was the degradation of slave women.

question

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott were active workers for

answer

the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments.

question

The resolutions adopted at Seneca Falls in 1848

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-"employ agents, circulate tracts, petition the State and National legislatures, and endeavor to enlist the pulpit and the press on our behalf." -by staking out claims for equality for women in public life, the Seneca Falls reformers repudiated both the natural inferiority of women and the ideology of separate spheres.

question

Between 1800 and 1860, white planters moved to the lower South to

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Invest in agricultural development

question

By 1840, the South was on the cutting edge of the Market Revolution because

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It produced and exported 1.5 million bales of raw cotton, over two thirds of the worlds supply.

question

Why did a labor crisis develop in the Cotton South in the first few decades of the 1800s?

answer

As plantation owners moved West, they needed large numbers of new slaves to clear, plant, and harvest the land.

question

Planters attempted to resolve a labor crisis in the cotton South by

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Buying slaves from the Chesapeake region through the domestic slave trade.

question

The cotton boom that began in the 1810s set in motion

answer

The redistribution of the African American population.

question

By 1860, the majority of African Americans lived and worked in the

answer

-The Deep South -The New South

question

In what way was the domestic slave trade crucial to the southern economy?

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The trade provided tens of thousands of new workers to build plantations.

question

The domestic slave trade affected the African American family unit before 1865 by

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Separating family members through sale and trade

question

The planter aristocracy valued

answer

inequality

question

In the tobacco-growing regions, the lives of the planter aristocracy consisted of

answer

Following the aristrocratic model of disinterested benevolence.

question

The notion of slavery as a "necessary evil" and a "positive good" was supported by which idea?

answer

The positive good theory is the idea that slavery was not, actually a "necessary evil," as Jefferson would describe it, but "a good-a positive good" institution for both blacks and whites in that whites get cheap manual labor and blacks benefit from the civilizing effect of being under the guidance of benevolent whites, and exposure to Christianity (John C. Calhoun's response) -Southerners John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh believed that slavery was not a necessary evil but a positive good.

question

The largest problem for small, family farmers in the South was

answer

The cotton revolution

question

Why did the United States decline to annex Texas in 1837?

answer

Texas would come into the Union as a slave state.

question

Planter elites failed to politically dominate the Cotton South because

answer

They lived in a Republican society with Democratic institutions such as the secret ballot.

question

The synthesis of African and American culture was exemplified by

answer

A black form of evangelical Christianity.

question

Slave Christianity emphasized

answer

using religious songs as encoded messages about escape, God's freeing the Hebrews from slavery, Jesus was the Messiah who would deliver them from bondage, heaven was a place where they would be reunited with their ancestors -all of the above EXCEPT concepts of humility and obedience.

question

The factor that most significantly reduced slaves' cultural differences was

answer

The rapid transfer of slaves to other regions to the lower Mississippi Valley.

question

The core institutions for African American society were

answer

Church and family

question

By the early 1840s, the lack of ___________ was an obstacle impeding America's westward expansion.

answer

transportation

question

The most violent occurrence on the floor of Congress was

answer

The Brooks-Sumner incident.

question

Manifest Destiny was the belief that

answer

-Americans were superior and had a right to expand Westward. -Belief that the U.S. had the right to own all the land between the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans Some thought this right was God-given

question

By the 1830s, the dominant Indian tribe on the central and northern Plains was the

answer

Sioux

question

Pro-annexation Democrats engineered the annexation of Texas in 1845 by

answer

admitting Texas using a joint Congress (which required a majority vote in each house) (28th state in December 1845)

question

The greatest issue facing the political parties in the late 1840s was the

answer

abolitionism

question

American annexation of Texas and subsequent statehood.

answer

sparked the Mexican War. Texas is the only state that has ever been its own country: after its American residents successfully fought Mexican rule, it was known as the lone Star State. When it was annexed by the United States, the Mexican government responded bitterly. In the name of expansion, a border skirmish was inflated by President Polk to justify war.

question

In 1845, Texans claimed that their boundary extended

answer

The Rio Grande River or to the rip Grande on the south and west.

question

The Wilmot Proviso

answer

Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico. David Wilmot introduced an amendment stating that any territory acquired from Mexico would be free. This amendment passed the House twice, but failed to ever pass in Senate. The "Wilmot Proviso", as it became known as, became a symbol of how intense dispute over slavery was in the U.S. (B) proposed the prohibition of slavery in any new territories acquired from Mexico. Northerners like David Wilmot of Pennsylvania worried that the new territories won in the War with Mexico would expand the slave South's power in Con- gress; in 1846 at the start of the war, Wilmot proposed a plan to prevent the expansion of slavery into those territories. The proviso was voted down, but foreshadowed the growing conflict between slave and free states.

question

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

answer

(1848) Ended Mexican-American War; Mexico gave up all claims to land from Texas to California for $15 million was signed in its namesake neighborhood of Mexico City. It's most significant result was the "Mexican Cession" transferring California, Nevada, Utah, and parts of four other states to the U.S. It also made the Rio Grande the boundary between Texas and Mexico.

question

Why did radical abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison bitterly criticize the free-soil movement?

answer

He considered it essentially racist because its aim was not to oppose slavery but to preserve the West for white settlement only.

question

The Compromise of 1850 included all of the following except

answer

C) the national government would not pay the Texas debt.

question

Popular sovereignty temporarily solved which issue

answer

) Whether Congress had the authority to legislate slavery in the terri- tories. Since 1820, Congress had kept a balance of free and slave states represented in Congress as they managed the admission of new states into the Union. By the 1850s, the balance became harder to achieve — thus Senator Stephen Douglas's invention of "popular sovereignty," which gave people living in a given territory the right to choose whether or not they would allow slavery. It was a neat way for Congressmen to side- step these contentious political decisions, but a disastrous policy that ultimately led to the events known as Bleeding Kansas.

question

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

answer

The Fugitive Slave Act gave slavery a legally protect status. Slavery was unspoken before, but now was legally protected by the federal government. This Act allowed slave owners to go to court in their home states to reclaim runaway slaves who owed service. This meant that this Act was Federal law, meaning that slaves could legally be chased after.

question

What happened in Christiana, Pennsylvania, in 1851

answer

A group of African American and white abolitionists skirmish with a pose intent on capturing four fugitive slaves hidden in town. In Christiana Riot 37, African Americans and one white man were charged with treason. In 1851, Christiana was the site of the Christiana riot, in which the local residents defended a fugitive slave. The resulting trial resulted in the first nationally-covered challenge to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.

question

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin

answer

proved to be the most influential publication in arousing the northern and European publics against the evils of slavery (true). Was strongly rooted in religiously based antislavery sentiments.

question

Northern states responded to the Fugitive Slave Act with In the early 1850s, the Northern response to the Fugitive Slave Act included all of the following actions except:

answer

A) states banned Southern travelers from visiting Northern cities

question

During the 1850s, proslavery American expansionists attempted to acquire

answer

Cuba

question

The Ostend Manifesto

answer

was part of an attempt by the U.S. to acquire Cuba. A confidential 1854 dispatch to the U.S.State Department from American diplomats meeting in Ostend, Belgium, suggesting that the U.S. would be justified in seizing Cuba if Spain refused to sell it to the U.S. When word of the document leaked, Northerners seethed at this "slaveholders plot" to extend slavery.

question

In 1854, why did Senator Stephen A. Douglas introduce a bill to extinguish Native American rights in the Great Plains and organize the northern segment of the Louisiana Purchase into a large territory called Nebraska?

answer

He wanted Chicago to become the eastern terminus of a transcontinental railroad.

question

The American Party, or Know-Nothings

answer

opposed immigration and Catholic influence. They answered questions from outsiders about the party by saying "I know nothing".

question

From 1854 to 1856, the fundamental principle on which all Republicans agreed was

answer

an absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories. Anti-slavery.

question

The Dred Scott decision

answer

A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The U.S, Supreme Court decided he couldn't sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen. Supreme Court decision that stated three things: Blacks were not citizens and therefore could not sue in federal courts; Because a slave is their master's property, they can be taken into any territory and held there in slavery; Congress had no power to ban slavery from the territories. Persuaded many Republicans that the Supreme Court and President Buchanan were part of the "Slave Power" conspiracy.

question

In an 1858 senate campaign speech, Lincoln

answer

predicted that "A house divided against itself cannot stand." That either slavery would be ended altogether or all states would accept it.

question

In his so-called Freeport Doctrine, Stephen Douglas

answer

In his "Freeport Doctrine" during the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Stephen Douglas called for the gradual emancipation of all slaves. False.

question

Support for John Brown's attempt to ignite a slave rebellion was publicly expressed by

answer

Henry David Thoreau.

question

The Republican Party nominated Abraham Lincoln for the presidency in 1860 because

answer

he had made fewer enemies than front-runner William Seward.

question

What made Lincoln's election unique

answer

He was the only president, up to that time, elected without a single electoral vote from the south.

question

The movement toward secession in the winter of 1860-61 was most rapid in the

answer

Lower South.

question

President Buchanan responded to the secession crisis by

answer

Declaring secession was illegal but claiming that the federal government lacked the authority to force a state to return to the Union.

question

The Crittenden Plan was 1860

answer

attempt to prevent Civil War by Senator Crittenden - offered a Constitutional amendment recognizing slavery in the territories south of the 36º30' line, noninterference by Congress with existing slavery, and compensation to the owners of fugitive slaves - defeated by Republicans

question

Upon becoming president in March 1861, Lincoln

answer

stated the secession was illegal and that he intended to enforce federal law throughout the Union.

question

The first battle of the Civil War was

answer

The First Battle of Bull Run, at Fort Sumter.

question

In 1861, the most important Confederate war aim

answer

The reestablishment of the union with ironclad guarantees for slavery including the rights of southerners to own slaves anywhere in the United States or its territory and constitutional amendment forbidding the abolition of slavery for 100 years.

question

Lincoln's military strategy at the beginning of the Civil War

answer

was called for a quick strike against the confederate capitol in richmond, Virginia.

question

President Lincoln suspended habeas corpus during the Civil War to

answer

Lincoln suspended habeas corpus because he felt that the State Courts in the north west would not convict war protesters such as the copperheads. He proclaimed that all persons who discouraged enlistments or engaged in disloyal practices would come under Martial Law. Stop disloyal activities such as protests against the draft

question

The major cause of death for Civil War soldiers was

answer

Disease, mainly dysentery.

question

During the Civil War, women did all of the following except

answer

win states and national political office to occupy seats vested by men fighting at the front.

question

The Union had all of the following advantages over the Confederacy at the beginning of the Civil War except

answer

better military leadership.

question

The Union paid for most of its Civil War costs by

answer

issuing interest-paying treasury bonds.

question

The Confederacy financed the war primarily by

answer

issuing paper currency unbacked by gold or silver.

question

The Emancipation Proclamation stated that

answer

slaves in the seceded states would be free.

question

The South was unable to convince England to provide it with more support during the Civil war largely because

answer

England needed union wheat more than the South's cotton.

question

The enlistment of African Americans in the Union army and their deployment in battle was delayed because

answer

most union generals doubted that they would make good soldiers.

question

In what way did blacks face discrimination in the Union army during the Civil War?

answer

The North was refusing to accept the services of black volunteers and freed slaves.

question

The Thirteenth Amendment

answer

Outlawed slavery everywhere in the United States, said that no involuntary servitude shall exist unless it is a punishment for a crime. Prohibited slavery throughout the united states.

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