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The main function of myelin is to

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form a protective coating over nerve axons

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The part of the nerve cell specialized for conducting information is the

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axon

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The cell body of a neuron is also called the

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soma

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Neurons are made up of dendrites, a soma, and

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axons

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Which of the following is NOT a part of a neuron?

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synapse

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The nature of a nerve impulse is primarily a/an __________ event; whereas, the nature of the communication between neurons is primarily a/an __________event.

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electrical; chemical

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Acetylcholine, epinephrine, dopamine, and histamine are

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neurotransmitters

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The conduction of a nerve impulse down the axon is called a(n)

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action potential

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Communication within a neuron is __________ , while communication between neurons is _____________.

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electrical; chemical

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The branching fibers of the _________ end in _____________ and link with parts of other neurons.

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axon; axon terminals

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After successfully running from the large snarling, drooling grizzly bear that was running directly towards you, you pause to catch your breath and collect your wits. the physical symptoms you now experience are controlled by the

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parasympathetic nervous system

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An action potential actually occurs because

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sodium ions leave the nerve cell

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The charge that exists across the nerve cell membrane is a result of differing

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concentrations of ions on either side of the nerve cell membrane

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The part of a neuron that specialized in receiving messages from other neurons is the

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dendrite

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Nerve cell bodies and dendrites are not the only locations sensitive to neurotransmitter. receptor sites can also be found on

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muscles and gland

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The channel that transport sodium and potassium within the axon are called

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ion channels

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Neurons conduct an action potential

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when molecular gates open to allow sodium ions into a neuron

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Neurotransmitters are primarily associated with the

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synapse

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Body cells specialized to carry and process information are called

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neurons

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Which is the best explanation of how a nerve impulse is carried from one neuron to another? the action potential or impulse

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causes the axon terminal to squirt out a chemical toward the next neuron

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The fastest neurons can send impulses at about ___________ miles per hour.

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200

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A nerve cell carrying information from your brain to muscles and glands is called a(n)

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motor neuron

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The "emergency" part of the nervous system that prepares the body for "fight or flight" is the _____________ branch.

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sympathetic

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The effect of mind-altering drugs may be a result of their

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ability to imitate or block neurotransmitters

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A nerve impulse is also called a(n)

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action potential

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Muscles can contract because they are made up of

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effector cells

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The "all-or-nothing event" refers to the fact that

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action potentials occur completely or not at all

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A barefoot child steps on a bee, then jerks his or her foot back in response to the sting. this response has likely involved all parts of the nervous system EXCEPT

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the brain

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The chemicals released at an axon terminal are called

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neurotransmitters

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Neurotransmitters are released at the

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axon terminals

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An action potential refers to the traveling of a nerve impulse along the

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axon

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The role of the _________ nervous system is to relax the body and return it to a lower level of arousal.

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parasympathetic

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Electrically charge particles of the elements ___________ are crucial in the transmission of the nerve impulse.

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sodium and potassium

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The autonomic nervous system contains two branches called the

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sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

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_____________ is the correct sequence of events in communicating a stimulus (such as stepping on a tack) to another neuron

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Stimulus- electrical impulse- neurotransmitter- receptor site

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Information is first received by a nerve cell at the

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dendrites

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In the nervous system, electrical charges are set up because of unequal concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell. this state is known as a(n)

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resting potential

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The function of the sympathetic nervous system is to prepare the body for

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"fight or flight"

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the microscopic space between two neurons is called a(n)

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synapse

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A nerve cell carrying information from your eyes, ears, fingers, etc. toward the CNS is called a(n)

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sensory neuron

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Emotional responses to a traumatic event are most directly under the control of the

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autonomic nervous system

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The fatty layer of tissue that gives many nerves a whitish color is called

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myelin

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The soma is the part of the nerve cell that

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collects and combines incoming information

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What effect do neurotransmitters from one neuron have on the next neuron

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they may excite or inhibit it

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Many of the chemicals that affect the brain operate by

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imitating or canceling the effects of neurotransmitters

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