Quantum Physics – Flashcards

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According to the Quantum Mechanics model of the atom, the electron is...
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A 3-dimensional wave surrounding the nucleus of an atom. The electrons are in fixed energy states and can move about the nucleus without radiating away their energy.
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Principle Quantum Number (n)
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Indicates the average distance that an electron is located from the nucleus of the atom.
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What is the maximum number of electrons possible in any given energy level where n=the energy level equal to?
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2n^2
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Orbital Quantum Number (l)
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Indiactes the shape of the path in which electrons move. These paths are called sublevels.
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Where are electrons placed in a given energy sublevel?
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The lowest energy sublevel first.
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Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)
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Indicates the direction and space of the path of a pair of electrons. This direction is called an orbital.
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Orbital
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A three-dimensional space about the nucleus in which electrons of a given energy are likely to be found.
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The maximum number of orbitals in a given energy level is equal to...
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n^2
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Spin Quantum Number (ms)
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Indicates the spin or rotation of the electron on its axis.
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Pauli's Exculsion Principle
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States that no more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital in an atom and these two electrons must have opposite spins.
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Electron Pair
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Two electrons in the same orbital with opposite spins.
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Valence Electrons
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The electrons in the outermost energy level of the atom.
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What is the most important part of the electron configuration? Explain.
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The valence electrons are the most important part of the electron configuration. The number and arrangement of the valence electrons determine the chemical properties of an element.
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Kernel
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The entire electron configuration excluding the valence electrons.
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Ground State
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The lowest energy state of an atom. The atom's most stable state.
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Spectroscopy
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The method of studying substances that are exposed to some sort of continous exciting energy.
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What causes the bright light spectrum?
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If an outside force causes an electron to change orbitals, energy is either given off or absorbed by definate units called Quanta. This change produces the bright light spectrum of the substance.
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What is true about spectrums of different substances?
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Each is unique.
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What is found through studying the spectrum?
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The energy diagram for the location of the electrons.
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Spectrum
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A unique set of wave-lengths absorbed by a substance.
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Hund's Rule
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When placing electrons in a sublevel that has more than one orbital, one electron of the same spin is placed in each orbital before doubling up.
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Aufbau Principle
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Electrons are placed one at a time in the lowest energy position.
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question
According to the Quantum Mechanics model of the atom, the electron is...
answer
A 3-dimensional wave surrounding the nucleus of an atom. The electrons are in fixed energy states and can move about the nucleus without radiating away their energy.
question
Principle Quantum Number (n)
answer
Indicates the average distance that an electron is located from the nucleus of the atom.
question
What is the maximum number of electrons possible in any given energy level where n=the energy level equal to?
answer
2n^2
question
Orbital Quantum Number (l)
answer
Indiactes the shape of the path in which electrons move. These paths are called sublevels.
question
Where are electrons placed in a given energy sublevel?
answer
The lowest energy sublevel first.
question
Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)
answer
Indicates the direction and space of the path of a pair of electrons. This direction is called an orbital.
question
Orbital
answer
A three-dimensional space about the nucleus in which electrons of a given energy are likely to be found.
question
The maximum number of orbitals in a given energy level is equal to...
answer
n^2
question
Spin Quantum Number (ms)
answer
Indicates the spin or rotation of the electron on its axis.
question
Pauli's Exculsion Principle
answer
States that no more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital in an atom and these two electrons must have opposite spins.
question
Electron Pair
answer
Two electrons in the same orbital with opposite spins.
question
Valence Electrons
answer
The electrons in the outermost energy level of the atom.
question
What is the most important part of the electron configuration? Explain.
answer
The valence electrons are the most important part of the electron configuration. The number and arrangement of the valence electrons determine the chemical properties of an element.
question
Kernel
answer
The entire electron configuration excluding the valence electrons.
question
Ground State
answer
The lowest energy state of an atom. The atom's most stable state.
question
Spectroscopy
answer
The method of studying substances that are exposed to some sort of continous exciting energy.
question
What causes the bright light spectrum?
answer
If an outside force causes an electron to change orbitals, energy is either given off or absorbed by definate units called Quanta. This change produces the bright light spectrum of the substance.
question
What is true about spectrums of different substances?
answer
Each is unique.
question
What is found through studying the spectrum?
answer
The energy diagram for the location of the electrons.
question
Spectrum
answer
A unique set of wave-lengths absorbed by a substance.
question
Hund's Rule
answer
When placing electrons in a sublevel that has more than one orbital, one electron of the same spin is placed in each orbital before doubling up.
question
Aufbau Principle
answer
Electrons are placed one at a time in the lowest energy position.
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