chapter 7 chemistry – Flashcards
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The compound iron(II) acetate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid iron(II) acetate is put into water:
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fe(c2h3o2)2 (s) --> fe+2 (aq) + 2C2H3O2- (aq)
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The compound cobalt(II) acetate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid cobalt(II) acetate is put into water:
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Co(C2H3O2)2 (s) --> Co+2 (aq) + 2C2H3O2- (aq)
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The compound manganese(II) nitrate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid manganese(II) nitrate is put into water:
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Mn(NO3)2 (s) --> Mn+2 (aq) + 2NO3- (aq)
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Zn(s) + Ni(NO3)2(aq) Zn(NO3)2(aq) + Ni(s)
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Zn(s) + Ni+2 (aq) --> Ni(s) + Zn+2 (aq)
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Ni(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) Ni(NO3)2(aq) + Cu(s)
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Ni (s) + Cu+2(aq) --> Ni+2 (aq) + Cu (s)
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3Cr(NO3)2(aq) + 2Na3PO4(aq) Cr3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaNO3(aq)
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3Cr+2 (aq) + 2PO4-3 (aq) --> Cr3(PO4)2 (s)
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NaCN(aq) + HI(aq) NaI(aq) + HCN(aq)
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CN-(aq) + H+ (aq) --> HCN (aq)
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HCN is a --- electrolyte
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weak
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HI is a --- electrolyte
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strong
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--- electrolytes trump strong electrolytes in a net ionic equation
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weak
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When aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and potassium phosphate are combined, solid lead(II) phosphate and a solution of potassium nitrate are formed. The net ionic equation for this reaction is:
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3Pb+2(aq) +2PO4-3(aq) --> Pb3(PO4)2(s)
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When aqueous solutions of manganese(II) nitrate and sodium carbonate are combined, solid manganese(II) carbonate and a solution of sodium nitrate are formed. The net ionic equation for this reaction is:
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Mn+2 (aq) + CO3-2(aq) --> MnCO3 (s)
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When aqueous solutions of barium sulfide and ammonium carbonate are combined, solid barium carbonate and a solution of ammonium sulfide are formed. The net ionic equation for this reaction is:
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Ba+2(aq) + CO3-2 (aq) --> BaCO3 (s)
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When solid Mg metal is put into an aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2, solid Pb metal and a solution of Mg(NO3)2 result. Write the net ionic equation for the reaction.
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Mg(s) + Pb+2(aq) --> Pb(s) + Mg+2(aq)
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When sulfur dioxide combines with oxygen, sulfur trioxide is formed.
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2SO2(g) + O2(g) --> 2SO3 (g)
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combustion is when organic compounds combine with oxygen to form
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carbon dioxide and water
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when oxidizing in combustion, leave --- for last
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O
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Write a balanced equation for the complete oxidation reaction that occurs when methane (CH4) burns in air.
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CH4+2O2 --> 2H2O + CO2
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Write a balanced equation for the complete oxidation reaction that occurs when ethylene (C2H4) burns in air
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C2H4 + 3O2 --> 2H2O + 2CO2
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Write a balanced equation for the complete oxidation reaction that occurs when ethanol (C2H5OH) burns in air.
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C2H5OH + 3O2 --> 2CO2 + 3H2O
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The compound chromium(III) acetate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid chromium(III) acetate is put into water:
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Cr(C2H3O2)3 (s) --> Cr+3 (aq) + 3C2H3O2- (aq)
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Write the net ionic equation for the precipitation of lead(II) bromide from aqueous solution:
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Pb+2 (aq) + 2Br- (aq) --> PbBr2 (s)
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When carbonic acid decomposes, water and carbon dioxide are formed.
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H2CO3 --> H2O + CO2
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Consider the reaction when aqueous solutions of sodium phosphate and iron(III) acetate are combined.
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PO4-3(aq) + Fe+3 (aq) --> FePO4 (s)
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4 driving forces that cause reactants to want to create products
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formation of solid, formation of water, transfer of electtrons, formation of gas
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in a precipitation reaction, what is the solid called
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precipitate
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when --- compound dissolves in water, ions separate and move independently. they ---
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ionic, dissociate
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when each unit of a substance that dissolves in water produces separated ions, it is a
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strong electrolyte
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compound must have net charge of zero and contain what two things
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cation and anion
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three types of equations
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molecular, complete ionic, net ionic
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in an net ionic equation, the --- from a complete ionic equation are removed
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spectator ions
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strong electrolytes that completely dissociate in water
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strong acids
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a substance that produces hydroxide ions in water
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base
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when an acid and base come together, --- is always formed and a --- could also be formed
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water, salt
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reaction that involves transfer of electrons
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oxidation reduction
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reactions that involve oxygen to produce heat energy so that a flame results
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combustion reaction, also a oxidation reduction reaction
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3 synthesis reactions that involve oxygen
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Synthesis of water, synthesis of h2o, synthesis of nitrogen monoxide
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What 2 synthesis reactions involving water are also combustion reactions
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Synthesis of co2, synthesis of nitrogen monoxide
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4 types of oxidation reduction reactions
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Single replacement, synethesis, decomposition, combustion
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2 types of double replacement reactions
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Precipitation, acid-base
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Strong acid with strong base always produces
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Water
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Involve oxygen to produce heat energy and result in a flame
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Combustion
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Double replacement reactions only occur between
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Ionic compounds
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In an oxidation reduction reaction, what is there a change in? (This applies to single replacement, synthesis, combustion, and decomposition)
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Oxidation state
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In an oxidation, electrons are
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Lost
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In a reduction, electrons are
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Gained
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For a solid compound to exist, it needs what net charge
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Zero
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Diatomic molecules
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HOFINBrCl
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What is the mechanism behind double replacement reactions?
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Strong electrolytes dissociate in water and ions have opportunity to replace each other or exchange partners
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acid always starts with
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H
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ionic is always
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metal and nonmetal
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covalent has --
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prefixes
