Please enter something
Home Page Flashcards 2-Ethyltoluene C9H12 structure - Flashcards

2-Ethyltoluene C9H12 structure – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : Cara Robinson

C9H12 structure
Molecular Formula C9H12
Average mass 120.192 Da
Density 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 164.1±10.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point 39.4±0.0 °C
Molar Refractivity 40.6±0.3 cm3
Polarizability 16.1±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension 29.0±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume 138.5±3.0 cm3
  • Experimental data
  • Predicted – ACD/Labs
  • Predicted – EPISuite
  • Predicted – ChemAxon
  • Predicted – Mcule
  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties

    • Experimental Melting Point:

      -17 °C Alfa Aesar
      -81 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 13529
      -80.8 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 19269
      -17 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 2576
      -17 °C Alfa Aesar L02028
      -17 °C Biosynth J-504600
      -17 °C (Literature) LabNetwork LN00191646

    • Experimental Boiling Point:

      164-165 °C Alfa Aesar
      164-165 °C Alfa Aesar L02028
      164.1 °C Biosynth J-504600
      164-165 °C (Literature) LabNetwork LN00191646

    • Experimental Flash Point:

      53 °C Alfa Aesar
      53 °C Alfa Aesar
      53 °F (11.6667 °C)
      Alfa Aesar L02028
      103 °C LabNetwork LN00191646

    • Experimental Gravity:

      20 g/mL Merck Millipore 3252
      20 g/l Merck Millipore 3252, 820044
      0.884 g/mL Alfa Aesar L02028
      39.4 g/mL Biosynth J-504600

    • Experimental Refraction Index:

      1.504 Alfa Aesar L02028
  • Miscellaneous

    • Appearance:

      Not Available Novochemy
      [NC-14136]

    • Safety:

      10/1/1965 12:00:00 AM Alfa Aesar L02028
      10-65 Alfa Aesar L02028
      20/21/22 Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
      20/21/36/37/39 Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
      23-36-60-62 Alfa Aesar L02028
      3 Alfa Aesar L02028
      36 Alfa Aesar L02028
      Danger Alfa Aesar L02028
      DANGER: FLAMMABLE, irritates skin and eyes Alfa Aesar L02028
      GHS07; GHS09 Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
      H304; H332 Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
      H304-H226 Alfa Aesar L02028
      HARMFUL Alfa Aesar L02028
      IRRITANT Matrix Scientific 094100
      Oct-65 Alfa Aesar L02028
      P210-P280-P301+P310-P303+P361+P353-P405-P501a Alfa Aesar L02028
      P332+P313; P305+P351+P338 Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
      R22 Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
      Warning Novochemy
      [NC-14136]
  • Gas Chromatography

    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      1006 (estimated with error: 55) NIST Spectra mainlib_228745, replib_2139, replib_114029
      961.54 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: HP-101; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.2 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Garay, F., Application of a flow-tunable, serially coupled gas chromatographic capillary column system for the analysis of complex mixtures, Chromatographia Sup., 51, 2000, s108-s120.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      973.5 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zhu, X.; Zhang, L.; Chen, J.; Wang, L.; Che, X., The application quantitative structure-retention relationship of GC to aid MS qualitative analysis, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 17(4), 1999, 351-353.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      970.2 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 5C(10min)=>5C/min=>50C(48min)=>1.5C/min=>195C(91min); CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Petrocol DH-100; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Haagen-Smit Laboratory, Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      974.6 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: CP Sil 2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche, The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 18, 1995, 403-412.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      968 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: -40 C for 12 min; -40 – 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 – 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.0 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoekman, S.K., Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions, J. Chromatogr., 639, 1993, 239-253., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Papazova, D.I.; Pankova, M.C., Identification of individual aromatic hydrocarbons in kerosene fraction (b.p. 150-250 ), J. Chromatogr., 105, 1975, 411-414., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bredael, P., Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. & Chromatogr. Comm., 5, 1982, 325-328.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      961 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: HP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 33(3/4), 1992, 138-146., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 110 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 35 C; End T: 200 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.20 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hayes, P.C., Jr.; Pitzer, E.W., Characterizing petroleum- and shale-derived jet fuel distillates via temperature-programmed Kovats indices, J. Chromatogr., 253, 1982, 179-198.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      972.5 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 52 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.38 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Kuran, P., Reproducibility of retention indices measurement of alkylbenzenes on crosslinked methyl silicone phase fused silica capillaries, Chromatographia, 30(5/6), 1990, 328-332.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      973.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 52 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.38 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Kuran, P., Reproducibility of retention indices measurement of alkylbenzenes on crosslinked methyl silicone phase fused silica capillaries, Chromatographia, 30(5/6), 1990, 328-332.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      973.6 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: PONA; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Kuran, P., Reproducibility of retention indices measurement of alkylbenzenes on crosslinked methyl silicone phase fused silica capillaries, Chromatographia, 30(5/6), 1990, 328-332.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      973 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Kovacicova, E.; Ha, P.T.; Kolek, E.; Engewald, W., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. II. Retention indices on OV-101 columns and retention-molecular structure correlations, J. Chromatogr., 475, 1989, 113-123., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 278 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: H2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Rukriglova, M.; Krupcik, J.; Kovacicova, E.; Holotik, S., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. I. OV-101 as stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 455, 1988, 301-309., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Dimov, N.; Mekenyan, Ov., Quantitative Relationships Between the Structure of Alkylbenzenes and Their Gas Chromatographic Retention on Stationary Phasses with Different Polarity, J. Chromatogr., 471, 1989, 227-236.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      976 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 278 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Moravcova, A.; Krupcik; Cellar, P.; Leclercq, P.A., Problems with the reproducibility of retention data on capillary columns with hydrocarbon C87 as the stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 454, 1988, 65-71.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      972 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 278 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: H2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Rukriglova, M.; Krupcik, J.; Kovacicova, E.; Holotik, S., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. I. OV-101 as stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 455, 1988, 301-309.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      961.1 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Macak, J.; Nabivach, V.; Buryan, P.; Sindler, S., Dependence of retention indices of alkylbenzenes on their molecular structure, J. Chromatogr., 234, 1982, 285-302., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Bur’yan, P.; Matsak, I., Retention indices of aromatic hydrocarbons on a squalane capillary column, Zh. Anal. Khim., 33(7), 1978, 1108-1113, In original 1416-1422., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V., The use of retention indices for identifying the components of crude benzene, Solid Fuel Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 13(3), 1979, 82-87, In original 90-96., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.264 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: DB-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. ; Chromatogr. Comm., 6, 1983, 328-332.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      961.6 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.259 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. ; Chromatogr. Comm., 6, 1983, 328-332.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      964.6 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Toth, T., Use of capillary gas chromatography in collecting retention and chemical information for the analysis of complex petrochemical mixtures, J. Chromatogr., 279, 1983, 157-165.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      984 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bredael, P., Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. ; Chromatogr. Comm., 5, 1982, 325-328., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      974 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Nabivach, V.M., Relationship between molecular structure and gas chromatographic retention of alkylbenzenes C8-C1 2 on polydimethylsiloxane, Zh. Anal. Khim., 37, 1982, 110-116.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      978 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M., Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions, J. Chromatogr., 208, 1981, 9-16., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Nabivach, V.M., Relationship between molecular structure and gas chromatographic retention of alkylbenzenes C8-C1 2 on polydimethylsiloxane, Zh. Anal. Khim., 37, 1982, 110-116., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 110 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      987 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 140 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Nabivach, V.M., Relationship between molecular structure and gas chromatographic retention of alkylbenzenes C8-C1 2 on polydimethylsiloxane, Zh. Anal. Khim., 37, 1982, 110-116.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      974.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M., Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions, J. Chromatogr., 208, 1981, 9-16.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      986.7 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 140 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M., Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions, J. Chromatogr., 208, 1981, 9-16.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      969 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 170 C; Start time: 3 min; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Greenberg, M.J., Characterization of meat and bone meal flavor volatiles, J. Agric. Food Chem., 29, 1981, 1276-1280.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      977 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 110 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      980 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      982 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      988 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 140 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      963.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 25.5 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 65 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D., Kovats Retention Indices in the Identification of Alkylbenzene Degradation Products, J. Chromatogr., 91, 1974, 677-689.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      979.6 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 300 C; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Z.; Fingas, M.; Li, K., Fractionation of a light crude oil and identification and quantitation of aliphatic, aromatic, and biomarker comopunds by GC-FID and GC-MS, Part II, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 32, 1994, 367-382.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      971 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 12 K/min; Start T: 0 C; End T: 250 C; Start time: 12 min; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: SE-54; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Rembold, H.; Wallner, P.; Nitz, S.; Kollmannsberger, H.; Drawert, F., Volatile components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seed, J. Agric. Food Chem., 37(3), 1989, 659-662.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      994 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 200 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Apolane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Moravcova, A.; Krupcik; Cellar, P.; Leclercq, P.A., Problems with the reproducibility of retention data on capillary columns with hydrocarbon C87 as the stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 454, 1988, 65-71.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      964 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 45 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 92 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Liska, O.; Sojak, L., The applicability of the linear free energy relationships for the identification of some alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons by open tubular column gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 51, 1970, 119-127., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Vasiliev, E.E.E., Correlation dependencies of GC retention indices from physical chemical properties and structures of aromatic hydrocarbons, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol., 30, 1987, 72-75.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      962 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 96 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Kugucheva, E.E.; Mashinsky, V.I., Retention Indices of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Capillary Columns with Squalan and Polyphenyl Ether, Zh. Anal. Khim. (Rus), 38(11), 1983, 2023-2026.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      965 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 106 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Kugucheva, E.E.; Mashinsky, V.I., Retention Indices of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Capillary Columns with Squalan and Polyphenyl Ether, Zh. Anal. Khim. (Rus), 38(11), 1983, 2023-2026.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      963.4 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 96 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Macak, J.; Nabivach, V.; Buryan, P.; Sindler, S., Dependence of retention indices of alkylbenzenes on their molecular structure, J. Chromatogr., 234, 1982, 285-302., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 96 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Bur’yan, P.; Matsak, I., Retention indices of aromatic hydrocarbons on a squalane capillary column, Zh. Anal. Khim., 33(7), 1978, 1108-1113, In original 1416-1422.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      970 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.01 in; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Celite 545; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Agrawal, B.B.; Tesarik, K.; Janak, J., Gas chromatographic characterization of sulphur compounds in the 93-162 gasoline cut from Romashkino crude oil using Kovats retention indices, J. Chromatogr., 65, 1972, 207-215., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 1 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V., Relationship between the gas chromatographic behaviour and the molecular structure of hydrocarbon samples and various stationary phases. Part II. Correlation between the retention index, physicochemical properties and molecular structure, Chromatographia, 13(2), 1980, 93-100.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      960.5 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V., The use of retention indices for identifying the components of crude benzene, Solid Fuel Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 13(3), 1979, 82-87, In original 90-96.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      966 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Engewald, W.; Wennrich, L., Molekulstruktur und Retentionsverhalten. VIII. Zum Retentionsverhalten hoherer Alkylbenzole bei der Gas-Verteilungs-Chromatographie, Chromatographia, 9(11), 1976, 540-547.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      961.7 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 120 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lulova, N.I.; Leont’eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N., Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines, in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      958.25 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: H2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Sojak, L.; Rijks, J.A., Capillary gas chromatography of alkylbenzenes. I. Some problems encountered with the precision of the retention indcies of alkylbenzenes, J. Chromatogr., 119, 1976, 505-521.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      967 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: H2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Gas chromatographic analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures, J. Chromatogr. A, 91, 1974, 633-648.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      964.7 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 10.5 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D., Kovats Retention Indices in the Identification of Alkylbenzene Degradation Products, J. Chromatogr., 91, 1974, 677-689.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      991 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 1 K/min; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Apiezon L; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Louis, R., Kovats-index-tafeln zur gaschromatographischen analyse von kohlenwasserstoffgemischen, Erdoel Kohle Erdgas Petrochem., 24(2), 1971, 88-94.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      969.3 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 200 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 115 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Liska, O.; Sojak, L., The applicability of the linear free energy relationships for the identification of some alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons by open tubular column gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 51, 1970, 119-127.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      961.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 200 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Sojak, L.; Bucinska, A., Open tubular column gas chromatography of dehydrogenation products of C6-C10 n-alkanes. Separation and identification of mixtures of C6-C10 straight-chain alkanes, alkenes and aromatics, J. Chromatogr., 51, 1970, 75-82.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      968.8 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 200 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 115 C; CAS no: 611143; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Sojak, L.; Bucinska, A., Open tubular column gas chromatography of dehydrogenation products of C6-C10 n-alkanes. Separation and identification of mixtures of C6-C10 straight-chain alkanes, alkenes and aromatics, J. Chromatogr., 51, 1970, 75-82.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      1230 (Program type: Isothermal; Col

      Get an explanation on any task
      Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
      New
      Get unstuck with AI assistant right now
      • Enter your topic/question
      • Receive an explanation
      Pro tips to get quality response
      • Ask one question at a time
      • Enter a specific assignment topic
      • Aim at least 500 characters
      Question
      What is the right structure for an essay
      Answer
      A paragraph is a related group of sentences that develops one main idea. Each paragraph in the body of the essay should contain:
      • a topic sentence that states the main or controlling idea
      • supporting sentences to explain and develop the point you’re making
      • evidence from your reading or an example from the subject area that supports your point
      • analysis of the implication/significance/impact of the evidence finished off with a critical conclusion you have drawn from the evidence.