AP Gov Court Cases Test Answers – Flashcards

This 1819 Marshall Court decision was one of the earliest and most important U.S. Supreme Court decisions to interpret the contracts clause in Article I, Section 10 of the Constitution. The case arose from a dispute in New Hampshire over the state's attempt to take over Dartmouth College. By construing the Contract Clause as a means of protecting corporate charters from state interventions, Marshall derived a significant constitutional limitation on state authority. As a result, various forms of private economic and social activity would enjoy security from state regulatory policy. Marshall thus encouraged the emergence of the relatively unregulated private economic actor as the major participant in a growing national economy.

(1810), from yazoo land cases, upholds sanctity of contracts, marshall

placed limits on racial gerrymandering - equal protection clause

Supreme Court ruling that declared legislative vetoes unconstitutional in 1981.

another case issued by the Supreme Court, implementing the order from 1954, ruling that communities must work to desegregate their schools with all deliberate speed, but set no timetable and left specific decisions up to lower courts.

affirmative action plans must be jusged by the strict scrutiny standard that requires any race-conscious plan to be narrowly tailored to serve a compelling interest

federal programs that clasify people by their race to expand opportunities for minorities should be unconstitutional

1944 Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. It was not until 1988 that Congress formally apologized and agreed to pay $20,000 2 each survivor

(Private Democrat South)- The denial of African Americans the right to vote because the Democratic Party was a voluntary association (the Democratic Party was 100% sure of victory so that's the only vote that counted.) was considered unconstitutional because the Texas statutes governed the county level party leaders and the State gov was not allowed to be racist.

no speech if clear and present danger enhanced decision of shenck

was a United States Supreme Court case involving Eugene Dennis, general secretary of the Communist Party USA, which found that Dennis did not have a right under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States to exercise free speech, publication and assembly, if that exercise was in furtherance of a conspiracy to overthrow the government.