Ch. 12 Test – Flashcards
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Parochial Schools are
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Schools operated by a church or religiousgroup
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The Equal Access Act
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Allows student religious groups to meet in high schools receiving federal funds
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Symbolic Speech is
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Expression involving actions & symbols
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Seditious Speech is
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Advocates the overthrow of the government
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Establishment Clause
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First clause of the 1st Amendment
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Gag orders
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Bars press from publishing certain information
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Shield Laws
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Reporters protected from disclosing sources
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Prior Restraint
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Censorship of information before publication
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Free Exercise Clause
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Second clause of the 1st Amendment
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Abridged
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limited
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FCC
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Regulates radio and television
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Holocaust
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nazi extermination of jews
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Picketing
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Labor union rights
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Slander
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spoken defamatory speech
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"Fighting words"
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provoke immediate violence
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Libel
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written defamatory speech
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Supreme Court decisions tend to
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follow precedent on religious freedoms
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Alien Registration Act
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Used by court to uphold conviction of 11 Communist Party Leaders
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This is an example of unprotected speech because of public safety risks
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clear and present danger
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The Supreme Court has ruled that this must be protected speech
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unpopular ideas
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Bethel Dist #403 v. Fraser
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Use of vulgar language in speech
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NY Times v. US
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Pentagon papers, Freedom of Press
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Reynolds v. US
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Bigamy Case, Freedom of Religion
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Herdahl v. Ponotoc Co.
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Praying over PA-system, Freedom of Religion
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Tinker v. Des Moines
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Protest-Vietnam War, Freedom of Speech
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Abrams v. US
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Anti- war group, Seditious Speech
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Texas v. Johnson
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Flag burning, Freedom of Speech
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Board of Education v. Allen
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State programs must provide secular textbooks for parochial schools
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Hazelwood School Dist. v. Kuhlmeier
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School authorities can regulate religious meetings at school
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Reno v. ACLU (1997)
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Internet is closer to print than broadcast media.
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Everson v. Board of Education
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Challenged aid to parochial schools
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Irving Feiner case
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Precedent: police may dispense a demonstration to keep the peace
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Near case (Near v. Minnesota)
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Defined court's stance on censorship
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Urging resistance to lawful authority or advocating overthrow of the government is an example of this
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seditious speech
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This holds that the first amendment freedoms are more fundamental than other freedoms
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preferred position doctrine
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In Hazelwood School district v Kuhlmeier, school officials were given the authority to regulate
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student dress
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Without this basic freedom, political parties would not be able to exist
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freedom of assembly
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Holocaust survivors in Skokie illustrated a free speech and assembly problem called the
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heckler's veto
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The verbal expression of thought and opinion before a voluntary audience is
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pure speech
