SPEECH (Chapter 1) – Flashcards
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Media Researchers at Ball State University found that people are intentionally involved in a media activity for ___ percent of their waking hours.
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30
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Traditionally, mass communication is defined as the technology assisted transmission of messages to..
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mass audiences
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According to the research firm Nielsen, the medium that is used much more per day than other media is...
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Television
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Mass media has become so integrated into people's lives that _______ is common
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media multitasking
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On most days, the most listened for item in the morning newscast is...
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the weather
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Newspaper, radio, television and magazine companies cannot survive unless they...
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deliver an audience to advertisers
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The type of communication that occurs between two individuals, either by themselves or in a small group is..
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interpersonal communication
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An executive participating in a business meeting is engaged in
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group communication
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In order for something to be categorized as group communication, the audience must...
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Be more than one person and all be within earshot
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Mass communication involves sending a message to a great number of people
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who are in widely separated locations
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One characteristic that distinguishes mass communication from interpersonal and group communication is the..
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lack of immediate feedback
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Which of the following social media traits is NOT shared with earlier, traditional mass media?
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They enable interactive dialogue among their users
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Unlike production for industrial media, the production of content for social media...
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uses readily accessible and affordable software tools
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The mass media were almost entirely "word-centric" for hundreds of years until...
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it became technologically possible to duplicate and distribute images
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The term "visual literacy" which is now part of the broader concept of media literacy became popular with scholars
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in the 1960s when the education products coordinator for Kodak wrote about it
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Media literacy involves..
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-knowledge about mass media and the application of critical thinking -not confusing messages and messengers -understanding the limitations and possibilities of various media platforms -having a clear framework for the history and traditions of media
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Media literacy involves all of the following EXCEPT..
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a) not confusing messages and messengers b) understanding the limitations and possibilities of various media platforms c) having a clear framework for the history and traditions of media d) ***appropriately balancing the costs and benefits of various media messages***
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If Jill walks through a mall and notices the background music playing through the loudspeakers, she is demonstrating...
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Media literacy
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Most of our media exposure is..
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invisible or unnoticed at a conscious level
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Someone who condemns a reporter for supporting a politician because she quotes that politician in a news story
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has subconsciously revealed that they support the politician
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One of the traditions of US journalism implied in the Constitution is that the mass media should report news and..
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serve as a watchdog of government on behalf of the people
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The four purposely functions of mass communications is to....
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inform, persuade, amuse, enlighten
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The most visible form of information delivered by mass media is
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news
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The most obvious form of mass media is intended to persuade is...
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advertising
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English thinking John Milton advocated exposure to competing ideas as the best way to discover truth in concept as he termed the..
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marketplace of ideas
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Intense rivalry between most successful media companies to reach the largest possible audience and beat out their competition
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intensified and later began to fade during the 20th century
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President Franklin Roosevelt's nationwide radio addresses rallying support for programs to combat the Great Depression demonstrated the mass media's ability to
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unify the country by presenting common messages and shared experiences
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Network television broadcasts became a nationwide societal unifier because
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they attracted huge audiences who all watched the same cultural frare
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This national newspaper, launched in 1982 offered readers a "first person" tone and enhanced graphic features that set it apart from its competition
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USA today
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Which of the following media was among the first to demassify in the 1950s?
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Radio
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demassification has NOT contributed to the growth of
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general-interest magazines
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A term coined in the 1980s to describe how the broadcast industry reaches niche audiences is
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narrowcasting
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When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is
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a way to make a difference in something we care about.
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To say that public speaking is a way to make a difference about something we care about is to recognize that public speaking is
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a form of empowerment.
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As your textbook explains, many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include
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telling a story for maximum impact. tailoring your message to your audience. organizing your thoughts logically.
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How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?
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about 30 percent of waking hours
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Many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include
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organizing your thoughts logically. tailoring your message to your audience. adapting to listener feedback.
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When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra , a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress.
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adrenaline
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According to your textbook, rather than trying to eliminate every trace of stage fright, you should aim at transforming it into
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positive nervousness.
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Which of the following strategies is least likely to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?
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concentrating on your stage fright
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Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with stage fright?
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Acquire speaking experience. Turn negative thoughts into positive ones. Don't expect perfection.
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Heather was in the midst of an excellent speech on campus history when she made a minor mistake by giving the wrong date for the opening of a campus building. She suddenly stopped speaking and said, "Oh, I messed up." She then finished her speech, but all she could think about afterward was her mistake. What is the major piece of advice from your textbook that Heather needs to be reminded about?
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There is no such thing as a perfect speech.
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Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?
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Think of your speech as an act of communication. Turn negative thoughts into positive thoughts. Remember that your nervousness is not usually visible to your audience. Concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves. As you rehearse, visualize yourself giving a successful speech.
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Research has shown that the anxiety level of most speakers drops off significantly
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when they are 30 to 60 seconds into the speech.
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One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is called
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visualization.
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According to your textbook, when you employ the power of visualization as a method of controlling stage fright, you should
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focus on the positive aspects of your speech.
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Dealing with such matters as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion are all part of what your textbook calls
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critical thinking.
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As you listen to a speech about campus crime, you relate the speaker's ideas to your own knowledge, goals, and experience. According to your textbook, you are filtering the speech through your own
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frame of reference.
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Because every person has a unique _____________________ based on his or her own knowledge, experience, and values, the meaning of a message can never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker.
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frame of reference.
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Which of the following aspects of public speaking is least likely to help strengthen your skills as a critical thinker?
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practicing the delivery of your speech
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Everything a speaker says is filtered through a listener's
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frame of reference.
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According to your textbook, the knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message is called the listener's
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frame of reference.
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As you present your speech, you notice that many of your listeners have interested looks on their faces and are nodding their heads in agreement with your ideas. According to your textbook, these reactions by your listeners are called
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feedback.
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According to your textbook, a listener anxious about an upcoming exam, worried about a recent argument with a friend, or distracted by cold air in the classroom would be experiencing
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interference.
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Concern by a listener about an upcoming job interview, the lack of air conditioning, or a toothache are all examples of in the speech communication process.
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interference
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Recognizing that the audience for his graduation speech would be packed into a non-air-conditioned gymnasium during the hottest week of the year, Kane decided to keep his speech at the low end of his 10-to-15-minute time limit. In making this decision, Kane was adapting to which element of the speech communication process?
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situation
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A ringing cell phone or an audience member browsing the Web on her laptop during a speech are examples of which element in the speech communication process?
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interference
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Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else is termed the
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message
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What, according to your textbook, is the term for anything that impedes the communication of a message?
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interference
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Someone coughing in the audience or walking in late during a presentation are examples of what element in the speech communication process?
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interference
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The means by which a message is communicated is termed the
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channel
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As defined in your textbook, channel in the speech communication process refers to
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the means by which a message is communicated.
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lets you know how your message is being received.
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Feedback
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As Benita approached the podium, loud voices from the hallway filled the room. Before beginning her speech, she asked someone in the back of the room to close the door. In this case, Benita was dealing with
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interference
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In the midst of a speech about volcanoes, a speaker notices quizzical expressions on the faces of her listeners. In response, she says, "Let me explain that point again to make sure it's clear." When this happens, the speaker is
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adapting to feedback.
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As Christopher delivered his speech, he noticed that some members of his audience looked confused as he explained one of his main points. As a result, he slowed down and explained the point again. In this case, Christopher was
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adapting to audience feedback.
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The tendency to see the beliefs, values, and customs of one's own culture or group as "right" or "natural" is called
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ethnocentrism
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According to your textbook, the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures is termed
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ethnocentrism
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Renée is a U.S. college student who was asked to speak at an end-of-the-year banquet sponsored by the International Student Association. When Renée suggested in her speech that all students should behave like people in the United States, she was reflecting
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an ethnocentric point of view.
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Mary listened to the campus president speak on the radio at the same time that Jamal was part of the audience in the hall where the president was speaking. Later, Mary said she thought the president's words stated clearly that he opposed an increase in tuition. But Jamal said that the way the president avoided looking at students when he talked about tuition made it seem the president actually supported an increase in tuition. The difference in the messages Mary and Jamal received most likely resulted from the fact that
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Mary and Jamal received the message through different channels.
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Public speakers who seek to communicate with listeners from cultures other than their own need to take special care to avoid in their speeches.
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ethnocentrism
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As your textbook explains, ethnocentrism means
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believing one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.
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Sridhar is from India and has decided to give his informative speech on Indian marriage customs. Because he will be getting married back home the next summer, he is very excited about the topic. He is concerned, however, that his classmates, all of whom are from the United States, may think he is saying that marriage traditions in India are better than those in the United States. Sridhar's concern indicates that he is sensitive to the problem of
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ethnocentrism
