Ush chapter 24 – Flashcards
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Joseph Stalin was
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A totalitarian, communist, launched a massive drive to collectivize agriculture, and was responsible for the execution of millions as he restructured the Soviet Union
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Benito Mussolini was
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Fascist, nationalist, militaristic expansionist, launched an invasion of Ethiopia.
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Adolf hitler
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Nationalist, wrote Mein Kampf, leader of the national socialists German workers party, militaristic expansionist
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Japan's militarists
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Expansionists, launched an invasion of Manchuria, came to power through acts of aggression, pulled japan out of the League of Nations.
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Francisco Franco
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Spanish, totalitarian, aided by hitler and Mussolini, came or power through a civil war
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In the 1920s and 1930s, how did the United States respond to acts of aggression in Europe and Asia? Why?
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Congress passed the Neutrality Act- banned US loans or arms sale to nations at war. Isolationists- we did not want to get involved in foreign conflicts.
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Communist dictator of the Soviet Union
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Joseph Stalin
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Government that has complete control over its citizens and puts down all opposition
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Totalitarian
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Fascist dictator of Italy
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Benito Mussolini
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Political system based on a strong, centralized government headed by a dictator
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Fascism
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Nazi dictator of Germany
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Adolf Hitler
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Fascist political philosophy of Germany under nazi dictator hitler
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Nazism
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Fascist dictator of Spain
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Francisco Franco
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Laws passed by congress to ban the sale of arms or loans to nations at war.
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Neutrality Acts
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What happened to the new democracies created after WW1?
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New Democratic governments, hurt by economic and social problems, floundered and turned to dictator ships.
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What five major countries were ruled by dictatorships in the 1930s?
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Italy, Germany, Japan, Spain, and the Soviet Union
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Who did nazism appeal to?
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It appealed to unemployed, desperate, and resentful Germans during the Great Depression.
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Difference between isms and democracy
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Democracy: individual comes first. We believe in fundamental dignity of every person. Ism: state comes first
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This nation won the Battle of Britain?
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Britain
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This British prime minister signed the Munich pact.
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Neville chamberlain
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After the fall of France, he set up a government in exile in Britain.
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Charles de Gaulle
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The result of this led Hitler to call off the invasion of Britain indefinitely.
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Battle of Britain
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This Germany military strategy of "lightning war" was first used in Poland.
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Blitzkrieg
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In 1938, this country was Germany's first target.
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Austria
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Prior to the invasion of Poland, this is what Germany and the Soviet Union agreed to.
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Nonaggression pact
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This nation ceased to exist after it was divided between Germany and the Soviet Union.
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Poland
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This country invaded Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.
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Germany
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By signing the Munich Pact, Britain and France agreed to take this policy toward German aggression.
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Appeasement
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About the Munich Pact, he said, "Britain and France had to choose between war and dishonor. They chose dishonor. They will have war."
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Winston Churchill
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The terms of surrender forced on this nation included German occupation of the northern. Part. Of the counted and the establishment of a Nazi-controlled puppet government in the southern part.
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France
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What was the situation in Europe at the time that the Battle of Britain was fought? Why was the outcome of the Battle of Britain so important?
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Much of Europe had fallen to German and Serviet aggression. The outcome of the battle was crucial because Britain was the last powerful nation in Europe fighting against Germany. Britain's victory led hitler to call off the invasion of Britain indefinitely.
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How did hitler conquer much of Europe so quickly?
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Using blitzkrieg
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The British Air Force used a new technology to shoot down hundreds of German planes.
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Radar
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Starting date of WW2
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September 1st, 1939
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What were reasons why America did not want refugees?
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They did not want job competion and were scared of spies
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What is genocide?
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The deliberate killing of an entire group of people.
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What did the Nuremberg laws do?
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Stripped Jews of civil rights and property if they left Germany. Forced Jews to wear a yellow Star of David.
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What happened during Kristallnacht?
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The night of broken glass. Gang of nazi thugs broke glass of Jewish, homes, synagogues and businesses
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Briefly describe the ghettos into which many Jews were forcibly relocated.
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Walled part of the city, dismal, over crowded Jewish segregated sealed with barbed aids and large walls
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How did the nazis justify their final solution?
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Belief in the superiority of the Aryan and the inferiority of the rest
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Groups persecuted
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Jews, communists, liberals, socialists, gypsies, homosexuals, Catholics, Jehovah Witnesses, soviet P.O.W, poles, Slavs, mentally I'll, physically disabled
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Why did hitler persecute the groups?
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To maintain the purity of the master Aryan race
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How many people were killed?
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50 million
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Mass murders through...
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Starvation, beatings, firing squad, hanging, poison injections, gas chambers, crematoriums
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After promising his emperor that he would try to maintain peace, Japanese Prime Minister _______ ordered the Japanese navy to prepare for attack on the United States.
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Tojo
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Germany, Italy, and Japan were called _____ powers.
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Axis
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Congress boosted defense spending and created the first peacetime _____ in U.S. History
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Draft
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The _____ passed allowing the president to lend or lease arms and other supplies to "any country who's defense was vital to the United States".
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Lend-Lease Act
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Germany invaded ______ in spite of the peace treaty signed between the two nations just prior to the invasion of Poland.
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The Soviet Union
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Japan took over French military bases in Indochina. In response, the United States placed a(n) _______ on japan.
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Trade embargo
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Churchill and Roosevelt met secretly aboard the U.S.S. Augusta. Together, they drafted the ______.
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Atlantic Charter
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Japan launched a surprise attack on the naval base at ______.
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Pearl Harbor
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What did the United States do to guide the course of the war?
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To help Britain and France defeat Germany, congress passed the Neutrality Acts to sell arms to. Nations at war as long as they are paid cash. Also passed the Lead-Lease Act to allow the president to lead or lease arms to any country who's defense was vital to the US.
