LCA History Final 8th Grade – Flashcards
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Chisholm Trail was used primarily by: A. cowboys to drive cattle. B. the Pony Express to transport mail. C. Paiute Indians to hunt buffalo. D. the U.S. Army to build forts.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): By 1850, the western boundary of the American frontier hads been pushed to the Pacific Ocean by the: A. construction of the intercontinental railroad. B. discovery of silver and gold mines in Nevada. C. donation of the Great Plains to war veterans. D. admission of the state of California to the Union.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Oklahoma land rush signified the: A. end of the frontier. B. strength of the Populist Party. C. rise of deflation. D. pointlessness of the Farmers' Alliance.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Dry farming is best described as the: A. cultivation of crops during droughts. B. conversion of fields into grazing land. C. growing crops that do not need much water. D. development of fields far from water sources.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What led up to the Long Walk of 1864? A. Geronimo surrendered to the U.S. Army. B. Raids by U.S. troops left the Navajo without food and shelter, forcing them to surrender. C. General Custer's troops attacked the Navajo. D. U.S. negotiators tricked the Navajo into selling their land in New Mexico, forcing them to move.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Native Americans of the Plains survived by: A. selling fur. B. gathering roots. C. breeding horses. D. hunting buffalo.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The 11 million acres of land opened in the Oklahoma land rush belonged to the: A. Lakota Sioux Indians. B. southern Plains Indians. C. Creek and Seminole Indians. D. Navajo and Nez Perce Indians.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which characteristic of the Texas longhorn made it significant to the Cattle Kingdom? A. little need for water and an ability to survive in harsh weather. B. a diet of grain, which left grasslands available for grazing sheep. C. meat that fetched a high price in overseas markets. D. strength to handle northward cattle drives.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): During western settlement in the 1850s reservations were set up to provide: A. plots of land for miners and settlers. B. living space for Native Americans. C. small areas for Native Americans to breed livestock. D. temporary housing for cowboys on Native American land.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following characterized the boomtowns of the West? A. high birth rates. B. sudden growth. C. tightly clusteres houses. D. underground gold mines.
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B.
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TRUE OF FALSE: William McKinley's victory in 1896 brought an end to both the Populist Party and the Farmers' Alliances.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: The Pacific Railway Acts were passed by the federal government in 1862 and 1864 to help finance construction of the transcontinental railroad.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Plains Indians used the meat and hide of buffalo for food and clothing, but did not put the bones or horns to use.
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False.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Most southern Plains Indians agreed to live on reservations in the Treaty of Medicine Lodge.
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True.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D) (READ THE QUOTE AND THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION THAT FOLLOWS): "Governor Stanford, president of the Central Pacific, took the sledge [hammer], and the first time he struck he missed the spike and hit the rail. What a howl went up! Irish, Chinese, Mexicans, and everybody yelled with delight." QUESTION: What can be inferred from this passage about the completion of the first transcontinental railroad? A. Labor unions boycotted the railroad inauguration ceremony. B. Governor Stanford was an experienced railroad worker. C. The golden spike was hammered in during a workers' protest. D. A diverse crowd was present to witness the railroad's completion.
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D.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Connected the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroad lines.
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Golden Spike.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Required states to sell land and build colleges of agriculture and engineering with the profits.
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Morrill Act.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Religious movement that predicted the arrival of paradise for Native Americans.
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Ghost Dance.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): 300-mile march the Navajo were forced to go on to reach a reservation in New Mexico.
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Long Walk.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Large group of African Americans who left the South to go to Kansas it 1879.
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Exodusters.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Promoted the free and unlimited coinage of silver.
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Populist Party.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Gave government-owned land to small farmers.
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Homestead Act.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Farmers working the tough soil of the Plains.
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Sodbusters.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Established private land ownership for Native Americans.
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Dawes General Allotment Act.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Discovery that started the mining boom.
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Comstock Lode.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): New technologies in the steel industry in the late 1800s increased productivity in the: A. textile industry. B. railroad industry. C. oil industry. D. electric industry.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Homestead Strike was a protest: A. in Colorado demanding safer working conditions. B. in Chicago demanding and eight-hour workday. C. against the Pullman Palace Car Company's unsafe working conditions. D. against the Carnegie Steel Company's plan to cut jobs.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The invention of the airplane lead to increased demand for: A. aluminum. B. lumber. C. coal. D. oil.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): How did the labor force change during the Second Industrial Revolution? A. Machines eliminated the jobs of many skilled craftspeople. B. Industries began to hire highly educated workers. C. Workers began to receive more benefits and higher wages. D. Experienced workers replaced children who had been working in mills.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Andrew Carnegie dealt with striking union workers at his Pennsylvania steel factory in 1892 by: A. firing every worker and replacing them with machines. B. firing half the workers and cutting pay for the rest. C. locking workers out of the factory and hiring strike breakers. D. agreeing to give workers higher wages.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Of the following, which was an effect of th expansion of railroads across the United States? A. rapid growth of cities. B. increase in steel prices. C. decrease in interstate trade. D. movement of city dwellers to the suburbs.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following was an effect of factory specialization in the late 1800s? A. Workers repeated the same steps over and over again, becoming tired, bored, and more likely to be injured. B. Factories produced only a single product, putting owners at greater financial risk if that product failed. C. Unions signed contracts with specific factories, eliminating violent conflicts over wages and working hours. D. Managers paid more attention to working conditions, attracting workers and creating greater competition for jobs.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Collective bargaining is the: A. practice used by employers to hire groups of laborers. B. practice used by employers to get the cheapest labor possible. C. idea that laborers working in groups are more productive in the workplace. D. idea that laborers acting together have greater success in negotiating with management.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): How did the telegraph differ from the telephone? A. The telegraph could work only in big cities. B. The telegraph was much more expensive than the telephone. C. The telegraph could carry only written messages. D. The telegraph could not send messages over long distances.
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C.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: The telephone is the most known of _________'s inventions.
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Alexander Graham Bell.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: ___________ own a corporation but do not make its day-to-day business decisions.
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Stockholders.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Terence V. Powderly became leader of the __________ in 1879.
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Knights of Labor.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Wilbur and Orville Wright built a lightweight airplane that ran on a ____________-powered engine.
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Gas.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): At a protest in Chicago's ____________, a bomb killed eight police officers and injured many others.
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Haymarket Square.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): John D. Rockefeller's conrol of about 90 percent of the oil refining business.
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Horizontal Integration.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Owned businesses involved in each step of the manufacturing process in his industry.
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Andrew Carnegie.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Led the American Federation of Labor.
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Samuel Gompers.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): The first national labor union.
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Knights of Labor.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Made manufacturing more efficient with the moving assembly line.
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Henry Ford.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Inventor of the light bulb.
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Thomas Edison.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Made it illegal to create monopolies.
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Sherman Antitrust Act.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Made steel production quicker and cheaper, which created a booming railroad industry.
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Bessemer Process.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Idea that those who were "fittest" would be successful.
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Social Darwinism.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Encouraged managers to view workers as interchangeable parts of the production process.
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Frederick W. Taylor.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What did city governments do to try to improve city sanitation in the late 1800s? A. built public hospitals. B. hired full-time firefighters. C. built water purification systems. D. forced steel factories to limit pollution.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The "old immigrants who arrived in America during the 1800s were from: A. eastern Europe. B. northern Europe. C. central Australia. D. central Asia.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What was the main cause of the pollution in Pittsburgh in the late 1800s? A. overcrowded tenements. B. smoke from the steel mills. C. garbage thrown in the river. D. use of electricity for daytime lighting.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): How frequently did immigration officials at Ellis Island reject new arrivals? A. never, as the government left it to social Darwinism to weed-out weak families. B. often, because many immigrants contracted deadly diseases while traveling in steerage. C. rarely, as records show less than two percent of arrivals were not allowed into the country. D. often, because many nativists protested their arrival.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Because the transition into American culture was often difficult, many immigrant families: A. chose to live in areas populated mostly by American families. B. returned to their native countries after a few years. C. moved into neighborhoods with people from the same country. D. kept their native customs secret.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following was a major factor in Chicago's rapid growth? A. Many railroad lines connecting the East and West coasts ran through Chicago. B. Chicago's location on Lake Michigan made the city an international port. C. The city's large number of bakeries provided many jobs for new residents. D. Employers in Chicago paid their workers high salaries.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What was the main change brought by the steel industry to American architecture of the late 1800s? A. Steel was used to build skyscrapers that needed limited city space. B. Every building was built with steel fire escapes. C. Residential neighborhoods called suburbs could be built cheaply. D. Steel could be combined with brick to create new buildings.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following best describes the Hull House? A. contributed to the survival of the immigrant population in Chicago and the nation as a whole by inspiring U.S. reform movements. B. supplied monetary assistance to immigrants which helped them overcome discrimination by American citizens. C. helped immigrants maintain their own cultures and taught Americans to embrace immigrants' cultures. D. provided homes for immigrants and ended the problem of homelessness among immigrants in America.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which industry was most closely associated with the term "sweatshops"? A. construction. B. clothing. C. steel. D. transportation.
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B.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: The majority of __________ immigrants were from southern and eastern Europe.
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New.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Lawrence Veiller's exibit of photographs and maps helped get the ___________________ passed.
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New York State Tenement House Act.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: ______________ were aid organizations that offered immigrants help in cases of sickness and death.
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Benevolent Societies.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Elevated trains are examples of _______________, or public transportation designed for many passengers.
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Mass Transit.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: In the late 1800s the United States began to develop forms of ___________, or cultural events shared by many people.
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Mass Culture.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Many middle-class Americans who could afford it moved from cities to residential neighborhoods outside of downtown known as _________.
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Suburbs.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Most immigrants traveled in ___________, where the cabins were hot, cramped, and foul-smelling.
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Steerage.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Americans who believed that the United States should not allow so many immigrants into the country were called ___________.
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Nativists.
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TRUE OF FALSE: New immigrants were often forced to take low-paying industrial jobs because they lacked the skills needed to obtain higher-paying jobs.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: The Chinese Exclusion Act marked the first time all members of a particular nationality were banned from entering the United States.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Most of the victims of diseases such as cholera, influenza, and tuberculosis in cities in the late 1800s were elderly.
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False.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Crime was one of the effects of the overcrowded and unhealthy conditions of city neighborhoods in the late 1800s.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Florence Kelley helped pass laws that limited women's working hours and prevented child labor.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: During the 1800s, the lack of jobs and adequate housing in the city forced hundreds of immigrants to look for employment in the countryside.
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False.
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TRUE OF FALSE: The efforts of nativists in the United States stopped immigrants from southern and eastern Europe from entering the country in the late 1880s.
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False.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D):City and county politics in the late 1800s were influenced by organizations called: A. political machines. B. political mobs. C. voting leagues. D. voting drives.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): William Howard Taft's main critism of President Theodore Roosevelt was that he: A. claimed more power for his presidency than the constitution allowed. B. opposed big business regulation. C. hurt conservation efforts by leasing public lands to big business. D. encouraged the formation of monopolies.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Theodore Roosevelt's idea for balancing the interests of consumers, laborers, and businesspeople was called: A. the Great Society. B. the Fair Play Accord. C. the Square Deal. D. the New Way.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Business leaders opposed granting women the right to vote mainly because they thought: A. women voters would support minimum wage and child labor laws. B. women should focus on the prohibition of alcohol. C. women voters would support government anticorruption efforts. D. only married women should have a voice in the government.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Politicians best confronted corruption in Washington during the Gilded Age by: A. increasing security at the polls. B. passing a law that established a new system for granting federal jobs. C. recruiting honest, reform-minded candidates to run for office. D. identifying it as a partisan problem.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Who encouraged African Americans to improve their economic and educational opportunities rather than fight discrimination directly? A. Ida B. Wells. B. W.E.B. Du Bois. C. Booker T. Washington. D. Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which statement best describes the result of work-place laws passed during the Progressive movement? A. increased trust between labor and big business. B. eased reformers' minds but were not always enforced. C. caused big business to take operations abroad. D. led to decreased government interference in the economy.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Journalists who wrote about problems in society during the Progressive age were known as: A. Progressives. B. reformers. C. muckrakers. D. capitalists.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Child labor continued even after the reforms of the early 1900s because: A. greedy factory owners lied about workers' ages. B. poor families needed the income, however little. C. corruption made government monitoring useless. D. the courts established high child wage rates.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What was the main reason for the rise in Mexican immigration between 1901 and 1930? A. Mexicans could cross the U.S. border with relative ease. B. Mexicans became a key part of the Southwest economy. C. Mexicans could occupy areas that once belonged to Mexico. D. Mexicans immigrated with their children and extended families.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of these reforms allowed voters to overrule a law that government had proposed or passed? A. the recall. B. direct primary. C. the initiative. D. the referendum.
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D.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: In its first decade, the _____________ brought attention to racial inequality by using the courts to fight grandfather clauses that had been used to prevent African Americans in the South from voting.
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: During the Gilded Age, American reformers called for an end to __________, the practice of giving government jobs to supporters after a candidate wins an election.
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The Spoils System.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: ________ founded the National Woman's Party (NWP).
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Alice Paul.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: _________'s reforms angered Progressives because they did not destroy trusts completely.
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William Howard Taft.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: A union member might have claimed that _________ was unfair because its emphasis on competition caused managers to consider profits more important than safe working conditions.
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Capitalism.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: The __________ Amendment helped expand voting rights by allowing voters, and not state legislatures, to elect senators.
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Seventeenth.
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TRUE OF FALSE: To help the conservation movement, Theodore Roosevelt signed a bill requiring manufacturers to limit the use of fossil fuels.
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False.
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TRUE OF FALSE: The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire and other accidents led to passage of laws improving factory safety.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: A major aim of Society of American Indians was to preserve Native Americans' traditional culture.
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False.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Progressive reforms improved education for medical professionals.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: A procedure called an initiative allows voters to propose new laws by using petitions.
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True.
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TRUE OF FALSE: Workers' compensation laws prohibited companies from paying wages to employees injured on the job.
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False.
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TRUE OF FALSE: In the fight against discrimination, Ida B. Wells drew attention to the lynching of African Americans.
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True.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The growth of European imperialism from the late 1870s to 1914 was caused by the desire of: A. countries to become isolationist. B. political leaders to improve the conditions of poorer countries. C. nations to become culturally varied by attracting new immigrants. D. countries to find sources of raw materials to help industrial growth.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Why did President Roosevelt propose the Roosevelt Corollary? A. European nations were considering using force to collect debts from American nations. B. European nations had gone against the Monroe Doctrine. C. He did not want to get involved in European disputes. D. He did not agree with the Monroe Doctrine.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What territories did the United States acquire in 1867? A. Alaska and the Midway Islands. B. Alaska and Hawaii. C. Hawaii and Samoa. D. Hawaii and the Midway Islands.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The United States sought to open Japan's trade markets in the mid-1800s because it: A. saw a chance to sell telegraph and railroad equipment to the Japanese. B. wanted to establish military bases in Japan. C. wanted to secure trade agreements with Japan before Europeans arrived. D. believed that trade with Japan would lead to trade with China.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Supporters of isolationism believed that the United States should: A. try to stop conflicts overseas. B. avoid interfering with other countries' affairs. C. increase military forces overseas. D. expand its territories in fuel-rich nations.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following was an obstacle to the construction of the Panama Canal? A. tropical diseases such as malaria and yellow fever. B. frequent attacks by Panamanian insurgents. C. lack of food and water for the workers. D. opposition of France, a major competitor.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The United States helped the Hawaiian sugar industry to prosper in the 1870s by: A. allowing natives to manage Hawaiian shipyards. B. imposing high taxes on Hawaiian imports. C. allowing duty-free sugar shipments to the United States. D. sending American entrepreneurs to manage the plantations.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Anti-Imperialist League stood against: A. the Spanish colonial empire. B. the territorial expansion of the United States. C. self-government in the Latin American colonies. D. the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Woodrow Wilson rejected Taft's dollar diplomacy because he believed: A. the United States should avoid interfering with Latin American affairs. B. the United States had a moral obligation to promote democracy in Latin America. C. military force should be avoided. D. it would hurt the U.S. economy.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Mexican Revolution started because of: A. a revolt against a harsh dictator. B. strict immigration laws. C. loss of jobs. D. conflicts with Venezuela.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D) (READ THE QUOTE AND THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION THAT FOLLOWS): "We have cherished the policy of noninterference with affairs of foreign governments wisely inaugurated [begun] by Washington, keeping ourselves free from entanglement, either as allies or foes, content to leave undisturbed with them the settlement of their own domestic concerns." QUESTION: Which of the following policies is illustrated by McKinley's statement? A. imperialism. B. isolationism. C. Open Door policy. D. Dollar Diplomacy.
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B.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: After the death of her brother, ___________ proposed a new constitution that would return power to the Hawaiian monarchy, causing a revolt.
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Queen Liliuokalani.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: ___________ arrived in Japan in 1853, and a year later convinced the Japanese to open trade with the United States.
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Commodore Matthew Perry.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: Areas where foreign nations control trade and natural resources are called ____________.
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Spheres of Influence.
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FILL IN THE BLANK: President Roosevelt helped Panamanian rebels throw off Columbian rule because Columbia's leaders would not allow the United States to lease ___________ for a canal.
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The Isthmus of Panama.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Warned that in cases of "wrong doing" by Latin American countries, the United States might exercise "international police power."
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Theodore Roosevelt.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Introduced dollar diplomacy, the practice of influencing governments through economic, not military, intervention.
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William Howard Taft.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Stated that the United States had no interest in taking control of Cuba.
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Teller Amendment.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Military general ordered by Woodrow Wilson to capture Fransisco "Pancho" Villa in Mexico.
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John J. Pershing.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Exaggerated news stories to attract readers.
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Yellow Journalism.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Limited Cuba's right to make treaties and permitted U.S. involvement in Cuban affairs.
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Platt Amendment.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): His New York World published sensational stories that led to American support for Cuba.
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Joseph Pulitzer.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Arranged the purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867.
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William H. Seward.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Filipino rebel leader who took control of the Philippine capital, Manila, with the help of U.S. reinforcements.
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Emilio Aguinaldo.
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PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Waterway linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
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Panama Canal.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Treaty of Versailles was signed by representatives of the United States, France, Britain, and: A. Germany. B. Italy. C. Russia. D. Belgium.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): In World War I, the new strategy of trench warfare was an effective way to: A. exchange secret messages. B. camouflage the soldiers in the wilderness. C. isolate soldier suffering from contagious diseases. D. defend a position by fighting from within deep ditches.
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D.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which statement describes one of Woodrow Wilson's most significant accomplishments? A. He was awarded a Purple Heart for his bravery during World War I. B. He served as a general in the Civil War. C. He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in founding the League of Nations. D. He did not support the Treaty of Versailles.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The purpose of the Liberty bonds issued by the U.S. government before World War I was to: A. relieve the tax burden on working families. B. suppress anti-war propaganda. C. support the Allies. D. aid in the reconstruction of European cities.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): How did the Bolsheviks affect Russia's involvement in World War I? A. They refused to pay the army, ending Russia's military role in the war. B. They forced the czar to sign a treaty to make Russia cease fighting. C. Their overthrow of the czar sparked a civil war, which led to Russia's withdrawal from World War I. D. They forced the United States to send aid to Russia in exchange for Russia's allegiance.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The aggressive strengthening of armed forces in known as: A. militarism. B. nationalism. C. communism. D. capitalism.
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A.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The influenza outbreak of 1918 was so deadly because it: A. spread through water supplies. B. spread through the air, quickly and unknowingly. C. spread slowly, causing chronic illnesses. D. targeted children and the elderly.
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B.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which nation was the last to surrender to the Allied Forces in 1918? A. Austria-Hungary. B. Bulgaria. C. Germany. D. the Ottoman Empire.
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C.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): When American soldiers arrived in Europe in 1917, the: A. Russians were advancing against Germany. B. Allies were dangerously near defeat. C. Germans were retreating from Paris. D. Allies were pummeling the German Navy at sea.
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B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): How did the convoy system help the Allies at sea? A. It hurt German troops, making them vulnerable to Allied attacks. B. It allowed the Allies to infiltrate enemy trenches with air missiles. C. It helped the Allies encode and send messages that the Germans could not crack. D. It allowed destroyers to escort and protect groups of Allied merchant ships.
answer
D.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Selective Service Act passed in 1917 required: A. the segregation of military units. B. the ban of any kind of anti-war campaign. C. the training of African American men as officers. D. men between the ages of 21 and 30 to register to be drafted.
answer
D.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Approximately how many casualties did the Central Powers have in World War I? A. 6 million. B. over 5 million. C. at least 3 million. D. 1.5 million.
answer
C.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: By 1916 World War I had become a _________, a situation in which neither side can win a decisive victory.
answer
Stalemate.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: Because of a labor shortage during World War I, U.S. factories hired more than a million ____________.
answer
Women.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: The spark that ignited World War I occurred when __________, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, was killed by Serb nationalist.
answer
Archduke Francis Ferdinand.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: Woodrow Wilson's _________ were a list of specific proposals for postwar peace.
answer
Fourteen Points.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: One cause of tension in Europe in the early 1900s was the rise of a sense of pride in one's country, or ____________.
answer
Nationalism.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Secret telegram in which Germany offered to help Mexico regain territory in the United States if Mexico joined the Central Powers.
answer
Zimmermann Note.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Truce that ended active warfare and paved the way for a peace treaty.
answer
Armistice.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): British passenger liner sunk by Germans.
answer
The Lusitania.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Leader of Republican opposition in the U.S. Senate to the Treaty of Versailles.
answer
Henry Cabot Lodge.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): German submarines used to attack Allied and neutral ships.
answer
U-boats.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Payments for war damages.
answer
Reparations.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Russian peace treaty with the Central Powers.
answer
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): U.S. troops who fought in Europe in World War I.
answer
American Expeditionary Force (AEF).
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Warren G Harding's campaign strategy was based on a promise to: A. return to prewar isolationism. B. restore normalcy, or stability and prosperity. C. end political corruption. D. increase government involvement in big business.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Why were some American writers of the 1920s called the "Lost Generation"? A. They returned to Paris where most of them were originally from. B. They expressed feelings of separation from American society. C. They appreciated the Jazz Age and its rebellious youth culture. D. They expressed the pain of racism experienced by African Americans.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): 1927 was a fundamental year in motion pictures, because it brought the first: A. color film. B. film with sound. C. full-length feature. D. still-frame animation.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What was the main reason Herbert Hoover was elected by a large majority of votes? A. Hoover was a veteran of World War I. B. Hoover promised to continue the economic boom. C. Hoover would have been the first Catholic president. D. Hoover ran a campaign that focused on city dwellers.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Scopes Trial represented the conflict between: A. Anarchists and Communists about political reform. B. scientists and environmentalists about the environment. C. fundamentalist beliefs and scientific ideals about evolution. D. the government and U.S. citizens about prohibition.
answer
C.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Ernest Hemingway was one of a group of writers in the 1920s whose writing: A. described the effects of prohibition. B. criticized American society. C. focused on Communist ideals. D. described the lives of jazz musicians in Paris.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The effects of Prohibition included: A. strained relations with Canada, because so much illegal alcohol was shipped across the Canadian border. B. more expensive home-made alcohol, such as moonshine, which was sold in speakeasies. C. the rise of organized crime, as gangs became more powerful with the money they got from selling illegal weapons. D. increased government corruption, as local police and politicians took bribes from gangsters to ignore the movement and sale of alcohol.
answer
D.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): One of the main goals of Marucs Garvey's black nationalism was for African Americans to: A. fight against the violence of the Ku Klux Klan. B. have their own businesses and communities. C. receive government funds for their businesses. D. avoid conflict with the Ku Klux Klan by limiting the spread of their culture.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Until 1924, Native Americans did not have access to adequate legal protection from the government because they: A. were not citizens of the United States. B. had refused to fight during World War I. C. were not allowed to leave the reservations. D. had become the smallest and least powerful minority.
answer
A.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: Trumpeter Louis Armstrong invented the jazz solo, where one musician steps out from the band to play alone.
answer
True.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: Immigration to the United States fell dramatically in the 1920s because of the millions of people killed in Europe during World War I.
answer
False.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: The Teapot Dome scandal caused people to question the judgment and honesty of government officials.
answer
True.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: In the 1920s, high school attendance fell as young people flocked to the cities to take advantage of high-paying jobs and the nightclubs of the new youth culture.
answer
False.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: After World War I, the U.S. economy suffered a downturn that led to hard times as the 1920s began.
answer
True.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Young women who challenged society's ideas about womanhood.
answer
Flappers.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): People who leave their home countries to live elsewhere.
answer
Expatriates.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): 1928 pact in which the United States and other countries agreed not to engage in war.
answer
Kellogg-Briand Pact.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Affordable automobile invented by Henry Ford.
answer
Model T.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Flourishing of African American literature and art in the 1920s.
answer
Harlem Renaissance.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): System that uses conveyor belts to move parts to different groups of workers.
answer
Moving Assembly Line.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Fear of Communist infiltration after the Russian Revolution.
answer
Red Scare.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Ended Prohibition in 1933.
answer
Twenty-first Amendment.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Republican candidate for vice president in 1920.
answer
Calvin Coolidge.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Painter famous for creating detailed paintings of flowers.
answer
Georgia O'Keeffe.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): A. Critics who thought that the New Deal went too far claimed which of the following? A. The government should nationalize the country's wealth and natural resources. B. The new laws gave the president too much authority. C. The enormous expansion of the government was a step toward communism. D. The cost of the new programs could bankrupt some businesses.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Businesses were hurt by the stock market crash because they: A. lost their savings in failed banks and had to close or cut back. B. had lent money to foreign countries and were not paid back. C. had no workers to make goods. D. were forced to cut back production but could not fire workers.
answer
A.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which group suffered the most in the Dust Bowl? A. scientists. B. unskilled laborers. C. industrial workers. D. farmers.
answer
D.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Americans regained faith in banks after President Roosevelt signed the Emergency Banking Relief Act into law because the act: A. allowed only healthy banks to remain open. B. gave people the right to withdraw all their money without a penalty or waiting period. C. authorized the government to immediately deposit $1 billion in banks to guarantee deposits. D. required the federal government to pay back in full the customers of any bank that failed.
answer
A.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Herbert Hoover lost the election in 1932 mainly because Americans: A. thought he would raise taxes. B. thought he would spend too much government money. C. lost confidence in him or blamed him for the Depression. D. worried about his priority on foreign policies instead of domestic issues.
answer
C.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The TVA is significant because it hired people to: A. deliver food to the poverty-stricken Dust Bowl residents. B. build dams and generators that provided electricity. C. work on farms to help stabilize agriculture. D. work in the automobile industry to increase mass production.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What problems did President Roosevelt have with the Supreme Court? A. The Court would not give him adequate funding for the New Deal programs. B. He directly accused the Supreme Court of causing the stock market crash. C. The Court issued a series of rulings declaring many New Deal programs unconstitutional. D. He was not given the chance to nominate new Supreme Court justices.
answer
C.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following is a lasting effect of the New Deal? A. workplace safety. B. clean air and water. C. whistleblowers in corrupt corporations. D. the protection of the savings of bank customers.
answer
D.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Which of the following best describes Black Tuesday? A. Half a million workers lost their jobs. B. Hoover lost the election. C. The stock market crashed. D. Over 2,000 banks closed.
answer
C.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: People who could not afford to buy stocks at full price began ____________.
answer
Buying on Margin.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: ___________ wrote The Grapes of Wrath, the story of a family of farmers forced to move in search of work.
answer
John Steinbeck.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: ____________ authorized $1.2 billion in aid to different financial institutions in the first year of the Depression, but refused to give direct assistance to individual Americans.
answer
Herbert Hoover.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: Grass and trees were planted in the Dust Bowl to try to stop ______________.
answer
Soil Erosion
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: One of the major causes of the Great Depression was the ________________ goods at a time when the market for goods was shrinking.
answer
Overproduction of.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: _______________ was an African American educator appointed to Roosevelt's administration.
answer
Mary McLeod Bethune.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: A group called the ________________ organized workers into unions based on industry, not skill level.
answer
Congress of Industrial Organizations.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: The ______________ employed more than 8.5 million people from 1935 to 1943, building roads, bridges, and airports.
answer
Works Progress Administration.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: The up and down pattern in the economy is known as the business cycle.
answer
True.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: As first lady, Eleanor Roosevelt convinced her husband to create the National Youth Administration to help young workers stay in school.
answer
True.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: Woody Guthrie's lively, upbeat songs offered an escape from the loss and struggle suffered by so many people during the Depression.
answer
False.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: The passage of the Social Security Act was the first time the federal government took direct responsibility for many citizens' economic well-being.
answer
True.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: The Bonus Army demanded that Hoover authorize early payment of their military bonuses to help ease the need caused by the Depression.
answer
True.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: The Second New Deal was made up of programs the Roosevelt administration introduced when the Supreme Court struck down programs of the first New Deal.
answer
False.
question
TRUE OF FALSE: After the Supreme Court blocked several New Deal programs, President Roosevelt tried to pass an act that would allow him to appoint six new Supreme Court justices immediately.
answer
True.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Why did Great Britain and France finally declare war on Germany in September 1939? A. Hitler signed a non aggression pact with Stalin, threatening the Allies. B. Hitler signed an alliance with Mussolini, forming the Axis Powers. C. They had pledged to defend Poland against Hitler, who attacked it from the west. D. They had formed an international army to fight Hitler, whose forces trapped thousands of soldiers in Czechoslovakia.
answer
C.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What was significant about America's Selective Training and Service Act in 1940? A. It oversaw the conversion of factories to war production. B. It was the first peacetime draft in the country's history. C. It allowed Americans to serve in foreign countries. D. It required both men and women to serve in the army.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Why did Hitler direct his anger towards intellectuals, Communists, and Jews in the 1930s? A. He felt they threatened his authority. B. He blamed them for Germany's economic problems and its defeat in World War I. C. They opposed the National Socialist Party, keeping it from winning a majority in Parliament. D. He was fearful they would band together and start another world war.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Harry Truman took over as president because President Roosevelt: A. died of a stroke in April 1945. B. lost his re-election bid in 1944. C. chose not to run for a fourth term in 1944. D. focused his efforts on aid to war-torn European countries rather than on domestic issues.
answer
A.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The first priority of President Roosevelt and Winston Churchill to defeat the Axis Powers was to: A. place "Asia first." B. defeat the Germans. C. attack Italian forces in West Africa. D. aid Japan in the fight against China.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): Why did Japan plan a large-scale attack against the U.S. naval fleet at Pearl Harbor? A. It wanted to give itself time to secure control of East Asia before the U.S. military could respond. B. It wanted to retaliate against the United States for freezing Japanese bank accounts. C. It wanted to punish the United States for sending billions of dollars in aid to Chinese Nationalists. D. It wanted to defend its German and Soviet allies against a U.S. invasion.
answer
A.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The Bataan Death March caused the death of: A. soldiers in the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong. B. thousands of U.S. soldiers in the Pacific Fleet led by Chester Nimitz. C. 600 Americans and thousands of Filipinos. D. General Douglas MacArthur.
answer
C.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What Tuskegee Airman later became the first African American general in the U.S. Air Force? A. A. Philip Randolph. B. Benjamin O. Davis. C. Dorie Miller. D. Daniel Inouye.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): The United States was expected to be responsible for most of the postwar rebuilding because it: A. had to make reparations for dropping bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. B. escaped much destruction and was then the strongest power in the world. C. was given millions of dollars by Germany after Germany surrendered. D. had promised to help European countries at the beginning of the war.
answer
B.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D): What American general was forced to retreat from the Philippines in March 1942? A. Hideki Tojo. B. Chester Nimitz. C. Louis Ortega. D. Douglas MacArthur.
answer
D.
question
MULTIPLE CHOICE (Choose A,B,C, or D) (READ THE QUOTE AND THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION THAT FOLLOWS): "The cold, the snow, and the darkness were enough to set young nerves on edge. The thud of something as innocuous [harmless] as snow plopping to the ground from a tree branch could be terrifying. Was it snow? Was it maybe a German patrol? Should you fire at the sound and risk giving away your position, or worse, hitting one of your own men? But did the Germans have us surrounded?" QUESTION: What purpose could this quotation serve in a research paper? A. It could illustrate the way in which World War II-era American soldiers were outfitted for war. B. It could provide and example of how U.S. inexperience affected the outcomes of battles with Germany. C. It could describe in detail the preparations taken by Allied soldiers for the Battle of the Bulge. D. It could bring to life the thoughts of an anxious soldier on patrol in unfamiliar territory.
answer
D.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: The Allied Powers included the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and ___________.
answer
China.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: The Battle of _____________ in the Philippines was the largest naval battle in history.
answer
Leyte Gulf.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: In April 1943, Jewish people in the ____________ rose up against the Germans, and it took nearly a month for the Nazis to crush the uprising.
answer
Warsaw Ghetto.
question
FILL IN THE BLANK: Executive Order 9066 allowed the government to begin the process of ______________, or forced relocation and imprisonment, of Japanese-Americans.
answer
Internment.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Fascist Italian leader who allied with Hitler to form the Axis Powers.
answer
Benito Mussolini.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Organized a march on Washington in 1941 to demand equal pay for black workers.
answer
A. Philip Randolph.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Counterattack launched by Germans after the D-Day invasion.
answer
Battle of the Bulge.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Tactic of purposely crashing piloted planes into enemy ships.
answer
Kamikaze.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Battle in the Soviet Union during which German forces froze or starved to death.
answer
Battle of Stalingrad.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Policy of avoiding war with an aggressive nation by giving in to its demands.
answer
Appeasement.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): President who ordered use of atomic bombs on Japan.
answer
Harry S. Truman.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Extermination of an entire group of people.
answer
Genocide.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Invasion on June 6, 1944, in which thousands of Allied soldiers were killed or wounded.
answer
D-Day.
question
PEOPLE AND TERMS (WRITE THE CORRECT PERSON OR TERM): Policy allowing the United States to aid any nations vital to its defense.
answer
Lend-Lease Act.
