History Ch. 23 – Flashcards
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the alliance between Great Britain, Russia, and France was known as the
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Triple Entente
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Russia opposed Austria Hungary over the 1908 annexation of
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Bosnia
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the name of the legislative assemble created by Czar Nicholas II
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Duma
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an association of socialist groups
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the second international
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the strongest military and industrial power in Europe by 1888
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Germany
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the members of the triple alliance
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germany, austria-hungary, italy
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In attempt to end Russia's involvement in the war, Lenin signed the ____ and overthrew the Russian government
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treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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By attacking Austria in May 1915, _____ betrayed Germany and Austria by joining with the Allied Powers
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Italy
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Major Causes of World War I
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nationalism, imperialism, militarism
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President Wilson argued at the Paris Peace conference most strongly for ____ to prevent wars
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a league of nations
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the name of the group that conspired to assassinate Archduke Francis Ferdinand
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the Black Hand
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______ was characterized by trench warfare that kept both sides in virtually the same position for four years
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The Western Front
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Kerensky's provisional government made the fatal mistake of deciding to
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continue the war
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After the war, Britain ruled Iraq and Palestine as _____ on behalf of the League of Nations, but did not own the territory
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mandates
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Germany's plan for a two-front war with Russia and France
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the Schlieffen Plan
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too maintain high morale and maintain support for the war among their citizens nation states used _____.
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propaganda
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the triple alliance was a loose agreement of cooperation among
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germany, Austria-Hungary, and italy
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austria-hungary feared that serbia would
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create a large slavic state
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the Bolsheviks became a party dedicated to violent revolution under the leadership of who?
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V.I. Lenin
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France's approach to peace was guided in large part by
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the desire for national security
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Under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to do all of the following EXCEPT a. pay for war damage b. return Alsace and Lorraine to France c. run Italy as a mandate d. give up land to new Polish state
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c
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declared that Germany and Austria were responsible for starting the war
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Article 231 of the treaty of versailles
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After German Kaiser Wilhelm fled the country in 1918, Germany formed a
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democratic republic
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women workers in Petrograd marched in protest, then ____
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organized a strike
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in 1914, what was considered an act of war?
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mobilization
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who became the spokesperson for new world order based on democracy and international cooperation?
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Woodrow Wilson
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across Europe, wartime governments set up ____
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planned economies
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US entered the war largely over the issue of
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unrestricted submarine warfare
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New roles in workforce were created for women during the war because
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so many men entered the military
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the Red secret police, known as the Cheka, began a Red Terror campaign to destroy all those who opposed _____
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the new regime
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the aggressive preparation for war, was growing along with nations' armies
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Militariasm
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The Treaty of Versailles was signed by the Big Three powers as a peace settlement with
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Germany
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Austria-Hungary,Bulgaria, Germany and the Ottoman Empire became known as
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the Central Powers
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military draft
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Conscription
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the process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war
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Mobilization
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idea spread to influence public opinions for or against a cause
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Propaganda
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fighting from ditches protected by barbed wire, as in World War I
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Trench warfare
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a war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses, such as World War I
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War of attrition
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a war that involves the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefields
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Total war
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economic systems directed by government agencies
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Planned economies
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Russian councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers
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Soviets
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In World War I Russia, government control of banks and most industries, the seizing of grain from peasants, and the centralization of state administration under Communist control
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War communism
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a truce or agreement to end fighting
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Armistice
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a payment made to the victor by the vanquished to cover the costs of a war
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Reparation
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a territory temporarily governed by another nation on behalf of the League of Nations
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Mandate
