AP World History Ch.15 – Flashcards
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The island of Madagascar was settled by _____.
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Malayo-Indonesians and Polynesians
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Sailing in the Indian Ocean was less difficult and dangerous than in other places because _____.
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monsoon winds are more predictable
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How did the rise of medieval Islam give trade in the Indian Ocean an important boost?
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provided demand for valuable commodities, share language ethics, active in spreading religion
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The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by ))))).
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sending out seven imperial fleets (1405-1433)
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What is true of Chinese-Arican contacts circa 1415-1433?
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-imported pepper -silk market in Africa (thriving) -went to coastal parts of Africa -East Africa sent trading expeditions to China
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The Chinese treasure ships of Zheng He carried _____?
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-silk -precious metals -gifts for rulers
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Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of Zheng He?
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the government believed that little could be gained by exploring
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The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the Early Middle Ages were?
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the Vikings
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In addition to sailing up the Pacific coast, early Amerindians from South America also colonized _____.
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the West Indies
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What two nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history?
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The Portuguese and Spanish
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The motives that led to Iberian overseas expansion were _____.
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intellectual, economical, religious, and political
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Why didn't the Italian states take a lead in exploring the Atlantic?
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ships were ill suited for Atlantic -trading states of Venice and Genoa preferred a system of alliances with the Muslims
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What werent the reasons for Iberian overseas exploration?
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-allied with Muslim -Spain center of the Renaissance -already had Mediterranean covered (explored) -Christian pacifism
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An early motivation for Portuguese maritime exploration was to _____.
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gain access to Sub-Saharan gold trade
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Prince Henry of Portugal was known as Henry the Navigator?
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he devoted his life to promoting exploration
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When Portugal began making a significant income form Africa, it began to issue _____.
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a new gold coin called the cruzado (means crusader)
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Two important navigational technologies, the magnetic compass and the astrolabe, _____.
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Chinese, Arab, and/or Greek
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The advantage of the caravel was that it was _____.
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strong, fast, maneuverable, a good fighting ship
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An important addition to the maritime revolution was _____.
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learning to return home quickly using certain wind patterns
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Henry the Navigator derived funds for expeditions from _____.
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The Order of Christ
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The first financial return form the Portuguese voyages came from _____.
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slave trade
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The first Portuguese explorer to reach the southern tip of Africa and view the Indian Ocean was _____.
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Bartolomeu Dias
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In 1500, what did Portuguese mariners discover while attempting to find a favorable wind around Africa?
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The Southern American mainland
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Christopher Columbus was from _____.
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Genoa, Spain
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Columbus insisted that he had reached _____.
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Indian Ocean
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The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between _____,
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Spain and Portugal
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The powerful West African kingdom of Benin limited its contacts with the Portuguese by _____.
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-closing the market of male slaves -declining to receive missionaries -refusing to accept of Cathoclism
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The most profitable and most complete colonization by Europe was in _____.
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the Americas
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The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through _____.
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conquest
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The Portuguese base in China was at _____.
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Macao
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The result of Portuguese domination of Indian Ocean trade routes was _____.
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-spices & luxury goods were shipped to Europe -considered Portuguese profit -little impact on the African and Asian mainlands -they charged a lower price for pepper and spices than Venice & Genoa
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The difference between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire was that _____.
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Spain=territorial Portuguese=economical
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The first Amerindians to come in contact with the Spanish were the _____.
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the Arawak of Hispaniola
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Conquistador means _____.
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conquerer
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Cortes had which advantages in conquering the Aztecs?
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-horses & armor -diseases -Alliance with other Amerindians because of their hatred toward the Aztecs
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Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with _____.
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-180 men -37 horses -2 cannons
