World History Section 7.1 – Flashcards
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Constantinople
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City founded as the second capital of the Roman Empire; later became the capital of the Byzantine Empire
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Justinian
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Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code
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Justinian's Code
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A law code created by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian about 530 CE. It was a revision of the old Roman law system.
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autocrat
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absolute in power or authority
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Theodora
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the wife of Justinian, she helped to improve the status of women in the Byzantinian Empire and encouraged her husband to stay in Constntinople and fight the Nike Revolt.
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medieval
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Another name for the Middle Ages.
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Franks
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A Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul.
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Clovis
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King of Franks; conquered Gaul; earned support of Gaul and Church of Rome by converting; Ruled lands in Frankish custom but kept Roman legacy
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Charles Martel
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Carolingian monarch of Franks; responsible for defeating Muslims in battle of Tours in 732; ended Muslim threat to western Europe.
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Battle of Tours
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European armies defeat Muslim armies and stop the spread of Islam in Europe
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Charlemagne
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800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. His palace was at Aachen in central Europe
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Magyars
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Muslims who attacked Europe and converted to Christianity and established Hungary
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Vikings
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Invaders of Europe that came from Scandinavia
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Constantine
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Roman emperor _____________________________ shifted his base to the eastern Mediterranean.
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eastern Mediterranean
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Roman emperor Constantine shifted his base to the ___________________ _____________________________.
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Byzantium
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Constantine rebuilt the city of _______________________ and renamed it to Constantinpole
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Constantinpole
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Constantine rebuilt the city of Byzantium and renamed it to _______________________
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Bosporus
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Constantinople was located at the shores of ______________________________
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Bosporus is a straight that links Mediterranean and Black Seas
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What is Bosporus? Which 2 seas does it link?
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harbor
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Constantinople had an excellent ___________________
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Europe, Asia
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Constantinople has key trade routes that linked ____________________ and _______________
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Location
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What made Constantinople it the busiest marketplace in Europe?
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Silk, Wheat, Gems, Spices, Furs
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What did the merchants from Constantinople sell? ________________ from China, ___________________ from Egypt, ______________ from India, ___________________ from Southeast Asia, and ______________ from Viking lands
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Justinian
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The Byzantine Empire reached its greatest size under the emperor _______________________
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Byzantine
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The __________________ Empire reached its greatest size under the emperor Justinian
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By retaking the lands
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How was Justinian determined to revive Ancient Rome?
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North Africa, Italy, South Iberia
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The Byzantine armies reconquered ________________ ______________, __________________, and _______________ _______________________
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treasury
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The fighting exhausted Justinian's ________________ and weakened his defenses in the east
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East
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The fighting exhausted Justinian's treasury and weakened his defenses in the ______________
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Rebuilding the Hagia Sophia
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What was Justinian's great triump?
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Holy Wisdom
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What does Hagia Sophia mean?
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autocrat
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Justinian was an ________________________, a person with absolute power
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Church, Christ's
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Justinian also had power over the __________________. He was deemed as ______________ co-ruler on Earth
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Theodora
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Who was Justinian's wife?
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Advisor and co-ruler
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Besides as a wife, what was Theodora to Justinian?
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Bezant
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What was the gold coin stamped with the emperor's image known as?
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Greek Fire
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Which weapon did the Byzantines rely on?
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petroleum
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Greek fire was a liquid that contained ______________________
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contact, water
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Greek fire would ignite on _______________ and could not be put out with ___________________
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Islam
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Which religion was brought into the Mediterranean world and beyond?
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Arab
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Centuries after Justinian, _________________ armies overran the Byzantine Provinces
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Roman
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Which empire included much of Western Europe?
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unified, spread
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Rome __________________ the region and _______________ classical ideas throughout Western Europe
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Mediterranean
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Rome was a _____________________ power
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Germanic
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Which people ended the Roman Rule
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north
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The Germanic people who ended Roman rule in the west shifted the focus to the _________________
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Harsh and difficult time
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Why were the Middle Ages known as the Dark Ages?
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Dark Ages
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What were the Middle Ages known as?
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New beginnings
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Today historians recognize the Middle ages as a time of ______________ _______________________
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Middle Age
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"Medieval" the Latin word means
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Medieval
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What Latin word means "Middle Age
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Goths, Franks, Vandals, Saxons
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What were the 4 Germanic tribes that conquered the Roman Empire?
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farmers, herders
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The Germanic tribes were mostly _____________________ and ____________________
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cities, written
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Germanic cities had no ___________ or __________________ laws
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Kings
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__________________ were elected Leaders
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Tribal Counsels
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Kings were chosen by ______________ ______________________
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Weapons and Plunder
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What did Warriors exchange when they swore loyalty to the Kings?
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Franks
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What was the strongest and most successful kingdom?
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Clovis
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Who was the king of France
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Clovis
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Which King converted to Christianity?
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Islam
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Because of Christianity, _________________ swept out of the Mediterranean
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Christianity
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Because of ___________________, Islam swept out of the Mediterranean
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Battle of tours
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In which battle did Christian warriors triumph?
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Charlemagne
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Charles Martel's grandson, _____________________________, became the King of Franks
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Franks
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Charles Martel's grandson, Charlemagne, became the King of ______________
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Fighting Muslims in Spain
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What did Charlemagne spend most of his 46 year reign doing?
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Charlemagne
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Who reunited much of old Roman Empire in Europe?
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Roman
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Charlemagne reunited much of the old ________________ Empire in Europe
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Pope Leo III
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Which pope asked Charlemagne for help against Roman nobles?
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crown
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On Christmas Day, Pope Leo III placed a _________________ on Charlemagne's head
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Charlamagne
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______________________ worked closely with the Church to spread Christianity
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Officials that checked on the roads and made sure that justice was done
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"Missi Dominici"
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Aachen
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Charlemagne hoped to make his capital at ____________________
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Aachen
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" A second rome"
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Read, not write
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Charlemagne could ___________ but not _______________
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slate; practice his writing
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Charlemagne kept a _____________ next to his bed so he could _____________________ ___________ _________________
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Palace school
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Charlemagne set up a ________________ _______________
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Alcuin of York
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Who did Charlemagne ask to run the Palace School?
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Christian, Germanic, Roman
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Charlemagne blended which 3 traditions?
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Split the empire into 3 regions
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What was the Treaty of Verdun?
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Verdun
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Treaty of _______________ split the empire into 3 regions
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Muslims, Magyars, Vikings
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Which 3 peoples conquered the empire after it was split?
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Hungary
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Magyars are from which country?
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Leif Erickson
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Who is a famous Viking?
