history chapter 8 the rise of Europe section 1 and 2 – Flashcards
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Alcuin
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hired scholars to preserve ancient writing and established a school at Aachen.
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Charlemagne
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proclaimed emperor by Pope Leo III. spent his reign fighting battles, spreading Christianity, and promoting learning.
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Clovis
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Germanic ruler, converted to Christianity and also was the king of frank and conquered Gaul.
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Islam
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a religion began in Arabia in 632, the followers built a great empire
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treaty of verum
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divided Charlemagne empire into three parts
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vikings
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raiders who plundered europe
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chivarly
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a code of conduct adopted by the knights that required them to be brave, loyal, and true to their word.
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fief
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an estate
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knight
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mounted warriors
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manor
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lord estates that included one or more villages and the surrounding lands.
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serf
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slaves bounded to the land and couldn't leave the manor without permission
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vassal
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lesser lords that pledged service to great land in exchange for land
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feudalism evolved in response to a need for what?
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protection
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knighthood arose because feudal society was filled what?
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warfare and danger
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tournaments offered knights a chance to what?
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become a lord
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during the middle age, noblewomen had what?
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an active role in the warrior society
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other than the seas an rivers that provided trading highway, power, and food, Europe's natural resources included what?
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forests, fertile soil, and rich materials
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when Clovis converted to Christianity, he did what?
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gained a powerful ally in the roman catholic church
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to ensure a supply of education officials, Charlemagne did what?
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set up a palace school at Aachen
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the vikings were fierce warriors, as well as what?
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traders and explorers
