apush chapters 29-31 – Flashcards
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how can we best characterize the energy needs and resources that the United States faced in the late 1960s and early 1970s?
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the US, once the leading producer of oil had become heavily dependent on imported oil.
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how did the United States respond to the OPEC oil embargo in the early 1970s?
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Congress passed a law limiting highway speeds to 55 mph.
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Rachel Carson is associated with what?
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the rebirth of environmental activism.
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in the 1970s, the phenomenon of de industrialization in the United States was most visible in what region?
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Northeast and midwest.
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nearly every American city struggled to pay its bills in the 1970s because...
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the continuing process of suburbanization.
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in 1978, California voters began a national trend by enacting a ballot initiative called Proposition 13 that did what?
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rolled back property taxes and required future tax measures to pass the legislature with a 2/3 votes.
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why did President Ford pardon Nixon a month after Ford took office in 1974?
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he wished to spare the country the agony of rehashing Watergate.
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how did President Carter respond to energy crisis of the 1970s?
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Carter advocated for energy conservation efforts as "the moral equivalent of war."
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how can we best characterize the policy of affirmative action?
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Opponents, many of whom had opposed civil rights charged that it was reverse discrimination.
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what was the single most polarizing Supreme Court decision of the 1970s?
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Roe v. Wade.
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how did the Supreme Court led by Warren Burger compare to that led by Earl Warren?
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the Burger Court refused to scale back the Warren Court's liberal precedents.
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what development(s) accounted for the dramatic increase in the number of women working outside the home in the 1970s?
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stagflation.
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which issues did evangelicals disregard as they fought against the influences of what they believed to be an immoral society?
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individual rights.
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what factors made it possible for Barry Goldwater to capture the Republican Party nomination for president in 1964?
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his conversation and urging Nixon to resign.
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on which issues would the conservative Cato Institute and Heritage Foundation have registered fierce opposition in the 1980s?
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increasing corporate regulation.
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the Moral Majority favored what ideas?
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conservative ideas.
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when did Iran release the American hostages and end the long hostage crisis?
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January 20, 1981.
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Ronald Reagan's 1980 victory can be attributed to what factors?
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his positive attitude and decisive demeanor.
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supply-side economics, as practiced by the Reagan Administration, rested on what notion?
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using tax cuts to stimulate investment, which would eventually result in higher tax revenues.
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what were the main characteristics of Republican voters of the 1980s?
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conservative; pro-abortion; pro-containment;wanted a reduced government size.
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what has been a lasting legacy of Ronald Reagan?
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his conservative judicial appointments.
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who is Sandra Day O'Connor and why does she merit a Keep Calm slide?
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she was the first woman appointed to the Supreme Court.
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describe Ronald Reagan's showing in the 1984 election.
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landslide victory won 49 out of 50 states.
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the profits from the secret and illegal sale of arms to Iran in the 1980s were used to do what?
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aid the contras, an opposition group in Nicaragua.
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why did the Soviet economy fall further behind that of capitalist societies in the postwar years?
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Soviet businesses lacked market incentive to improve and innovate.
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Soviet leader Mikhaik Gorbachev's policies of glasnost and perestroika resulted in....
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a new willingness to tolerate significant changes in Soviet society.
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during the Cold War, the world was divided between the rival communist and capitalist blocs but, by 1990, it was clear that the post-Cold War world would be that?
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dominated by globalization.
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the organization created by the nations of Western Europe in 1992 is known as...
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European Union.
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which American groups benefited the most from China's turn toward capitalism?
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American consumers.
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Post-Cold War globalization differed from earlier forms of globalization because...
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it was much more, modern and faster. America was a leading power.
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what is the internet? who developed the internet? why was the internet created?
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US Department of Defense with MIT developed ARPANET; used to exchange information, data, and emails. It's a decentralized computer network.
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the overwhelming majority of immigrants to the United States between 1970 and 2000 came from what regions?
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East Asia, Latin America.
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at the end of the 20th century, the largest minority group in the United States was...
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hispanics.
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President Bill Clinton's strategy for getting elected in 1992 was to do what?
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focus on government.
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what posed a major stumbling block to Bill Clinton's political agenda?
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Clinton couldn't get Congress to pass his programs because he lost control of the house and senate.
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what was the outcome of the Bill Clinton's impeachment and Senate trials in 1998?
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Republicans in the senate fell very short of 2/3 majority needed to remove him from office. OR President was unable to fashion a democratic alternative to the republicans domestic agenda.
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what state presented contested election returns the generated an intense political controversy in the 2000 presidential race?
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Florida.
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roughly how many people died as a result of the September 11, 2001, Al Qaeda attacks?
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2,900.
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what was the US Congress trying to achieve when it passed the USA Patriot Act in 2001?
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the suspension of certain civil liberties protections in the interests of national security.
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the defining event of President George W Bush's administration was what?
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Iraq.
