Music Appreciation Unit 6 – Flashcards
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Of all the inspirations for romantic art, none was more important than...
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nature
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What is the time period of the Romantic era?
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1820-1900
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which is not a characteristic of romanticism? Nationalism, Individualism, Emotional resistant, or supernaturalsim
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Emotional resistant
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Who are the most significant romantic musicians?
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Schubert, Robert Schumann, Clara Wieck Schumann, Chopin, Liszt, Mendelssohn, Berlioz, Ilyich, Tchaikovsky, Smetana, Dvorak, Brahms, Verdi, Puccini, Wagner, Mahler.
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was an important political movement that influenced nineteenth-century music. This was expressed when romantic composers deliberately created music with a specific national identity, using the folk songs, dances, legends, and history of their homelands.
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Nationalism
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fascination with the national identity also led composers to draw on colorful materials from foreign lands.
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exoticism
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instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea or scene.
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program music
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the non musical element is usually specified by a title or by explanatory comments
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program
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toward the end of the romantic era, an orchestra might include...
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close to 100 musicians
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what was the favorite instrument during the romantic age?
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piani
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the slight holding back or pressing forward of tempo
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rubato
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character may be transformed by changes in dynamics, orchestration, or rhythm
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Thematic transformation
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who was the composer that the romantics looked up to?
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beethoven
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because of what, many aristocrats could no longer afford to maintain private opera houses, orchestras, and "composers in residence"
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French Revolution and Napoleonic wars
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the rise of the urban middle class consisted of
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1) the formation of many orchestras and opera groups 2) public concerts had developed 3) the piano became a fixture in every middle class home.
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at first women were only excepted as students of performance, but later...
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could study musical composition.
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the virtuoso instrumentalists were?
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liszt on piano and paganini on violin
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what was the source of income for bertloz and schumann
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musical criticism
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musicians that were fortunate enough to be supported by wealthy patrons
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Tchaikovsky and Wagner
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an art song is a composition made for
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a solo voice and piano
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Poets favored by art song composers
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Goethe and heine
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word for german love songs
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lied
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repeating the same music for each stanza of the poem
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strophic form
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writing new music for each stanza
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through-composed form
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author of erlkonig
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Goethe
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the erlkonig is a romantic personification of
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death
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the erlkonig is in what form?
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through- composed
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in the erlkoing, the piano's relentless triplet rhythm unifies the episodes of the song and suggests the
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horses gallop
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slow. lyrical, intimate composition for piano
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nocturne
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a study piece designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties
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etude
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a piece in triple meter originated as a stately processioned dance for the polish nobility
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polonaise
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non program music
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absolute music
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program music found its most varied expression in the coloristic resources of
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the romantic orchestra
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composition in several movements
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program symphony
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developed the symphonic poem
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Franz liszt
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music that is intended to be performed before during the play
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incidental music
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are in today's movie scores
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incidental music
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to support his family, berlioz turned to
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musical journalism
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a single melody, that is used to represent the beloved. it appears in all five movements of symponie fantastique and unifies the contrasting episodes of the symphony
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idee fixe
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the fourth movement of symphonie fantastique depicts a
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march to the scaffold
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the litergical melody quoted in the fifth movement of symphonie fantastique
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dies irae
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who deliberately chose librettos that fanned public hatred for the austrian overlords
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Verdi
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during the romantic period, who produced important composers who music had a national flavor
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poland, russia, bohemia, and the scandinavian countries
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the folk music of russia sounds different from that of western Europe. It is often based on what ?
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ancient church modes
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the father of russian music was?
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Glinka
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the most original and probably the greatest of the russian five
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Mussorgsky
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What were Tchaikovsky's ballets?
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swan lake, sleeping beauty, and the nutcracker
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what smetana poem depicts bohemia's main river as it flows through the countryside?
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the moldau
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Wagner called is works music dramas because
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all the art- music, drama, dance, and painting were fused; had a continuous flow, an unending melody; and the vocal line is inspired by rhythms and pitch fluctuations in german text.
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a short musical idea associated with a person, an object, or a thought in the drama.
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leitmotif
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Who is the author of die walkure?
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Wagner
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Who is alberch?
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Dwarf that has stolen gold
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Who is Wotan?
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King of the gods
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Who is Valhalla?
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Bodyguard
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Who is wotan's favorite daughter?
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Brunnhilde
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Who are the volsung twins!
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Siegmund and sieglinde
