Western Civ Final CH 5-8 – Flashcards
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Octavian
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Sole survivor after the defeat of Antony & Cleopatra in 31 B.C.
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Included in the First Triumvirate
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Caesar, Crassus, & Pompey
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The Twelve Tablets
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The first formal codification of Roman law & customs.
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For the Romans, Italy's geography
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Made Rome a natural crossroads & an area easy to defend.
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Paterfamilias in Roman society
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The male head of the household.
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Julius Caesar
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Led military commands in Spain & especially Gaul that enhanced his popularity.
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Result of the Third Punic War
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The complete destruction & subjugation of Carthage.
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Marcus Aurelius
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Last of the so-called "good emperors"
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"Golden age" historian Livy is well known for
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Perceiving history in terms of sharp moral lessons.
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Defeat of Varus in the Teutoburg Forest
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Event that curtailed Augustus's expansionist policies.
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Under the rule of Augustus, the Roman Empire
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Turned towards an absolute monarchy, with the princeps overshadowing the Senate.
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Imperial Rome's gladiatorial shows
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were government backed spectacles used to content the masses.
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Paul of Tarsus
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The key figure in the spread of Christianity outside the Jewish community.
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Romanization in the Roman Empire
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Occurred quickly in the west.
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Heresy of Arianism
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Questioned the divinity of Jesus.
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476
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The year that the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus was deposed & that symbolized the end of the Western Roman Empire.
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Umayyad
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The Muslim dynasty that assumed power after the assassination of Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali & moved the capital to Damascus.
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NOT a similarity b/t Christianity & Islam
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Both Muhammad & Jesus considered themselves to be divine.
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Codification of Law
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Justinian's most important contribution to Western civilization.
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The Edict of Milan (313)
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Constantine's document officially tolerating the existence of Christianity.
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Poles, Czechs, & Hungarians
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Were greatly influenced by assimilation into the Catholic church & Latin culture.
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Einhard
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wrote an early biography of Charlemagne.
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Manorialism
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An economic system based on large estates.
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Algebra, Astronomy, & Medicine
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Muslim scholars were well known in the west for their original contributions.
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Macedonian
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The Byzantine dynasty which effectively dealt w/ the many challenges facing the empire.
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Under feudalism of the Early Middle Ages
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The major obligation of a vassal to his lord was to provide military service.
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Honorable relationship b/t free men
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The lord-vassal relationship in the Germanic practice of medieval Europe.
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Medieval Cities
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Contained more men than women.
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High number of fights & accidents in medieval court records may be attributed to
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The enormous quantities of alcohol consumed by all ranks of society.
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The seasons
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Determined the peasant's life during the Middle Ages.
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Male nobles of the High Middle Ages
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Were almost solely preoccupied w/ warfare as a distinguishing characteristic.
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Curriculum of medieval universities
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Centered on the traditional liberal arts.
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Combative tournaments involving knights
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were considered excellent & necessary training for warfare.
