question

Emails sent by David Duncan, an Enron executive

answer

To the importance of destroying audit-able documents.

question

Two Major laws were passed which opened the door to impending financial disaster.

answer

1. In 1980, the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act was signed into law. 2. 1982 by the Garn-St. Germain Act. These laws provided for a loosening of government control over the industry

question

"INSIDER" THRIFT FRAUDS

answer

researchers have classified them into three distinct categories white-collar crime: (1) "desperation dealing"; (2) "collective embezzlement"; and (3) "covering up."

question

The Commissioner ofthe California Department of Savings and Loans stated in 1987

answer

"The best way to rob a bank is to own one."

question

The traditional embezzler is usually seen

answer

a lower-level employee working alone to steal from a large organization.

question

One of the most devious ways to disguise unlawful income is through

answer

Money laundering

question

"OUTSIDER" THRIFT FRAUDS

answer

Industry regulators and FBI investigators have reported that appraisers, lawyers, and accountants were among the most S&L frequent co-conspirators

question

Regarding the collapse of thrifts in Texas

answer

a staff member of the Senate Banking Committee predicted: "What you're going to find in these thrifts is a sort of mafia behind them: a fraudulent mutual support."

question

A Senate Banking Committee memo delineates the four most common forms of fraudulent transactions

answer

land flips, nominee loans, reciprocal lending arrangements, and linked financing

question

LAND FLIPS

answer

In a land flip, a piece of property, usually commercial real estate, is sold back and forth between two or more partners, inflating the sales price each time and refinancing the property with each sale until the value had increased several times over.

question

NOMINEE LOANS

answer

Nominee loan schemes involve loans to a "straw borrower" outside the thrift who is indirectly connected to the thrift. Nominee loans are used to circumvent regulations limiting the permissible level of unsecured commercial loans made to thrift insiders.

question

RECIPROCAL LENDING

answer

Reciprocal lending arrangements are similarly designed to evade restrictions on insider loans.

question

LINKED FINANCING

answer

Finally, linked financing is "the practice of depositing money into a financial institution with the understanding that the financial institution will make a loan conditioned upon receipt of the deposits. These transactions usually involved brokered deposits in packages of$100,000, the limit on FSLIC insurance.

question

The collapse of Lincoln Savings and Loan of Irvine, California.

answer

the most expensive thrift failure (a more than $3 billion cost to taxpayers), is notorious not only because of its massive losses, but because it serves as a prime example of all the excesses and corruption (Charles Keating)

question

Lincoln Savings owner

answer

Charles Keating

question

Keating purchased Lincoln and Savings with Junk Bonds

answer

Sold by Michael Milken

question

Lincoln traded in junk bonds

answer

quickly transformed it from a traditional small thrift that made home mortgage loans into his own (and his family's) personal money machine.

question

Keating's "masterpiece"

answer

Phoenician Hotel in Scottsdale, Arizona.

question

American Continental Corporation.

answer

A fraudulent mortgage corporation which keating fund from his Lincoln Savings and loan company.

question

Keating contributed $1.4 million to the campaigns and causes of five U.S. Senators who would later become known as

answer

"Keating Five. They were: Alan Cranston Dennis DeConcini, Don Riegle, John McCain, and John Glenn.

question

Another meeting took place a week later with the full Keating Five,

answer

One of the regulators, Bill Black, took meticulous notes at the meeting which clearly indicate that the senators were attempting to thwart the government agency action regarding Lincoln.

question

Alan Bond,former CEO of Albriond Capital Management

answer

was sentenced to 12 years in prison in 2002 for cheating pension funds out of millions of dollars

question

Bond was convicted ofdefrauding clients by sending unprofitable securities trades to their accounts while directing most of the profitable ones to himself. In investment fraud parlance, this scheme is known as "cherry picking

answer

...

question

One of the largest pension fund scams occurred in California.

answer

By First Pension Corporation of Irvine

question

First Pension was run by

answer

Businessman William E. Cooper

question

In 1995, investors filed a class-action lawsuit against the California Corporations Department, which regulates businesses in that state, charging negligence in handling First Pension

answer

Cooper was sentenced to a 10 year prison term, while Lindley and Jensen were sentenced to nine and four years, respectively.

question

"premium diversion

answer

common form of fraud,where by funds intended to cover claims are diverted for other purposes. Generally, an insurance agent fails to send premiums to the underwriter and instead keeps the money for personal use.

question

The Multiple Employer Welfare Arrangement (MEWA)

answer

was created by Congress to help small businesses obtain reasonably priced healthcare coverage for their employees.

question

Investigators have found that some firms that administer MEWAs

answer

are fraudulent enterprises—"virtual money machines for the unscrupulous."

question

Subprime mortgage market. the Clinton administration authorized subprime loans under the CRA.

answer

As a result, mortgage lenders relaxed the financial qualifications for buying a house and offered mortgage loans to credit impaired households, albeit at higher interest rates to compensate for the greater risk.

question

Eugenics—

answer

The "improvement" of the human race through such practices as selective breeding and compulsory sterilization.

question

The United States and Germany remain

answer

The only "civilized" Western nations in which sterilization laws were enforced

question

Between 1924 and 1972, the state of Virginia

answer

Sterilized over 8,300 mentally retarded citizens.

question

1927 ruling in Buck v. Bell

answer

This case involved the first victim of Virginia's Compulsory Sterilization Law—a teenage girl named Carrie Buck, who had been committed to the notorious Lynchburg Colony for Epileptics and the Feebleminded and subsequently was sterilized without her agreement

question

The most widely discussed books in recent years

answer

The Bell Curve

question

The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment

answer

Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male.

question

physicians depicted syphilis

answer

as the quintessential black disease.

question

Tuskegee study emerged from a syphilis control survey that had been carried out by

answer

Alabama health officials in 1930

question

From 1938 to at least 1978,"there was an effort made by the agencies of the U.S. government to develop sophisticated techniques of psycho-politics and mind control

answer

1. the use ofhypnosis to induce amnesia or elicit false confessions;36 and 2. the refinement of powerful conditioning techniques, such as sensory dep- rivation, desensitization, and aversion therapy, to control human behavior.

question

In 1958, the CIA even prepared a report which suggested that the intelligence agencies might control people through drug addiction.

answer

CIA, Agency who mostly participated in Tuskegee Experiments

question

Bacillus subtilis

answer

desease was dumped into the heart ofthe New York City subway system.

question

How dangerous is Bacillus subtilis? It is dangerous indeed if one happens to be allergic to it, or is very old, very young, very ill or very anything that classifies a person as a compromised host. Might such people have been riding the subways? Of course. But beyond that, the exposed commuters became carriers, and took the bacteria with them as they traveled to their homes, to their offices or to hospitals to visit elderly relatives.

answer

Experiment conducted by the US Army.

question

The U.S. Navy

answer

has the distinction of overseeing perhaps the most sickening of all the military experiments. The Navy earned this dubious honor between 1943 and 1945 because the research in question was so gruesome that even the Army was reluctant to participate.

question

As one professor ofmedicine has observed:

answer

Thats the history of human experimentation. Its always using the poor or women, never white middle-class men.

question

The American Civil Liberties Union has estimated that approximately

answer

10 percent of the American prison population participates in medical and drug experiments.

question

From the experimenters' point of view, there are two reasons why prisoners make convenient human subjects

answer

First, because the studies take place in an outcast environment, if prisoners such as James Downey become seriously ill—or even ifthey happen to die it is unlikely to generate much public concern. Second, prison studies are economical.

question

One of the best known cases of illegal foreign intervention occurred in Chile in the 1970s.

answer

1920s, a giant conglomerate, International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT), had built or purchased telephone companies throughout LatinAmerica

question

During the next election, in 1970, the CIA and ITT worked in tandem against the popular socialist candidate,

answer

Salvador Allende.

question

the CIA's Clandestine Services division has been labeled

answer

"the President's personal 'Saturday Night Special'."

question

The Iran-Contra Affair

answer

The Iran-Contra Affair is a tale ofan "invisible government. It was President Reagan's announced intention to encourage the removal ofthe Marxist Sandinista government in Nicaragua.

question

Boland Amendments

answer

Funding authorized by congres after their principal author Massachusetts congressman, severely limiting or prohibiting the appropriation of funds on behalf of the Contras in Nicaragua.

question

Reagan administration formulated two types of schemes for circumventing the legally imposed restraints

answer

1. to give the task of arming the Contras to the National Security Council. 2. to employ "private" or "third-party"funds, on the assumption that only official United States funds had been prohibited.

question

Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North

answer

a decorated Vietnam veteran, who reportedly once had suffered a two-year emotional breakdown after the war, became the designated "contact" between the NSC and the Contras.

question

"finding

answer

a written document describing the need for and nature of covert operations and requires the president's signature.

question

"diversion memorandum"

answer

Drafted by North in April 1986 and forwarded to Reagan and Poindexter, it summarized the Iranian operations and indicated the use of arms sale profits for the Contras in Nicaragua.

question

internment of Japanese-American citizens

answer

1942, President Roosevelt issued an Executive Order evacuating over 100,000 Japanese-American residents of California, Oregon, and Washington and herding them into barbed wire enclosures under military guard.

question

"Watergate" has come to symbolize the abuse of political power in America. Richard Nixon

answer

Little Corruption," the bribery and individual malfeasance. "Big Corruption," in which governmental deviance is normalized through political authority

question

Watergate was

answer

"Big Corruption," a constitutional crisis ofthe first magnitude, perhaps America's closest brush with despotism

question

national poll reported

answer

majority of the public rated Watergate as the worst scandal in American history

question

Saturday Night Massacre

answer

Nixon ordered his close associates to be fired..Solicitor General Robert Bork agreed to dismiss Cox. An indignant press quickly labeled this remarkable sequence of events.

question

On that tape, Haldeman informs Nixon that the burglars had been financed by CREEP campaign funds, and Nixon orders Haldeman to use the CIA to impede the FBI investigation

answer

This tape has become known as the "smoking gun

question

A few days after the war began in Europe in 1939, Roosevelt issued a proclamation officially placing the FBI in charge ofall investigations of espionage, sabotage, and subversive activities

answer

This document has come to be known as the Magna Carta. Under the direction of FBIs director Hoover.

question

The sedition provisions ofthe Alien Registration Act of1940, known as the Smith Act,as well as postwar measures such as the Loyalty Program of 1947, the Internal Security Act of 1950 and the Communist Control Act of 1954,

answer

Expanded the FBI's authority to spy on American citizens.

question

Two programs, COMINFIL and COINTELPRO

answer

were directed at Communist infiltration.

question

The investigation of Martin Luther King began in earnest in 1962

answer

with the knowledge and tacit approval of President John Kennedy who publicly claimed to be a King supporter

question

In 1963, Attorney General Robert Kennedy,

answer

another self-professed King ally, approved Hoover's request for wiretaps on King.

question

Less than two weeks after the Kennedy assassination, while the country still mourned

answer

the FBI held an all-day conference to plan the destruction of King and the civil rights movement.

question

The FBI discussed

answer

using ministers,disgruntled acquaintances, aggressive newsmen, colored agents, Dr. housekeeper, and even Dr. Kings wife or placing a good looking female in office to develop discrediting information and to take action that would lead to his disgrace.

question

The most infamous episode occurred in 1968, 34 days before Martin Luther King was to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

answer

King received a tape, allegedly made while he was in a hotel room with a woman. Accompanying the tape was an astonishing unsigned note from the FBI, which seemingly urged King to commit suicide.

question

No agency of the U.S. federal government

answer

retains more information on American citizens than the Internal Revenue Service

question

In 1963, President Kennedy used the IRS

answer

to develop an aggressive plan, called the Ideological Organizations Project, to examine the tax-exempt status of 10,000 political organizations

question

The FBI also used IRS

answer

to released contribution lists of political organizations, including the SCLC led by Martin Luther King

question

In 1969, the IRS created a Special Service Staff (SSS)

answer

to examine what it termed "ideological organizations

question

No president ever used the IRS as a punitive weapon more than

answer

Richard Nixon

question

"domestic unrest"

answer

Military intelligence agencies collected vast amounts ofinformation about the activities, financial affairs, sex lives, and psychiatric histories of persons

question

National Security Agency (NSA),

answer

the most secretive of all American intelligence agencies.

question

The first NSA surveillance program was called

answer

SHAMROCK (Interception of private cables)

question

The second NSA domestic intelligence program was called

answer

MINARET (monitoring of international telephone communications)

question

sniffer devices

answer

uses search software to scan for Web sites that might be of interest

question

1707 Governor Edward Hyde

answer

Fooled the people of New York by making them believe French would invade the city by sea. He taxed the citizens, for the building of protection weapons, but used the funds to buy expensive homes for himself.

question

Companies, import or export goods, or simply get a passport, bribes can cut through red tape, serving as what's called

answer

'speed money'

question

here are only two elected officials in the entire executive branch of the federal government,

answer

a president and a vice president

question

Structural facilitation ofcorruption can be illustrated by the experiences ofthree large federal agencies

answer

Department of Agriculture, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Homeland Security.

question

Federal law limits direct PAC Political Action Committee contributions to $5,000, the law can be circumvented easily through the use ofso-called

answer

"soft money"

question

In recent times, most ofthe offenses involved in most ofthe successful prosecutions of corrupt federal legislators have fallen into three general categories:

answer

1. violations of election laws 2. payroll fraud; and 3. bribery

question

Viruses are sometimes placed in so-called "logic bombs

answer

In other words, the virus program contains delayed instructions to trigger at some future date or when certain preset conditions are met, such as a specific number of program executions

question

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, so called "macro" viruses

answer

viruses now pose a significant threat to computersConcept does not destroy data—it repeatedly flashes an annoy- ing numeral onscreen—but it is very expensive to eradicate. "Other strains overseas, notably one called Hot, are more sinister, says William Orvis of CIAC [Computer Incident Advisory Capability].

question

Macro viruses are actually "worms." They spread so fast because they can be transmitted through email and because they infect documents, rather than programs. (melissa Virus)

answer

...

question

A few weeks later, two California teenagers, aged 16 and 17, were arrested by the FBI and accused ofthe cyber-attacks. The boys, who went by the code names Maka veli and TooShort, had used "sniffer" programs to intercept Pentagonpasswords. They also had placed "back door" programs in the military computers in order to reenter at will.

answer

...

question

Most hackers display what Jay Buck Bloombecker, director of the National Center for Computer Crime Data, terms

answer

playpen mentality. They see breaking into a system as a goal, not a means to some larcenous end.

question

At least two categories of"playpen" hackers have been identified: creative "showoffs," who break into data bases for fun, rather than profit; and "cookbook hackers," the most common category, defined as computer buffs who coast along the global Internet computer network without any specific target, twisting electronic door knob sto see what systems fly open

answer

...

question

The "recipes"used by the cookbook hackers generally are those that have been developed by the more knowledgeable showoffs. Many ofthese recipes apparently are ofgourmet quality. A security analyst for AT&T has estimated that less than 5 percent ofintrusions into computer systems by outsiders are even detected, let alone traced.

answer

...

question

EFT

answer

Electronic Fund Transfers

question

The easiest way into a computer is usually the

answer

Front door

question

As we have already noted, some embezzlers have employed a Trojan horse

answer

—the "bad" program concealed inside the "good" program—as a means of diverting cash into fraudulent accounts. This is the most common method used in computer fraud.

question

"salami slicing."

answer

Salami techniques divert (or, in keeping with the metaphor,"slice off") very small amounts ofassets from very large numbers ofprivate accounts.

question

Dishonest programmers have also planted "trap doors" or "sleepers" into the instructions which allow them to bypass security safeguards and siphon off cash using an imposter terminal.

answer

...

question

"dark figure.

answer

most white collar crimes are never reported, constituting a substantial, but unmeasurable

question

A newer form of piracy involves Internet sites known as Warez.

answer

Warez sites are subterranean, though often "conspicuously subterranean"

question

Computer crimes are

answer

International (Global)

question

A Trojan horse program can transfer money automatically to an illegal account whenever a legal transaction is made. To many skilled thieves and embezzlers, this was akin to striking the mother lode.

answer

...

question

Meanwhile, back at Enron, Jeff Skilling had assumed day-to-day command. Skilling, holder of a Harvard MBA, had joined Enron in 1990 and had become Lay's closest lieutenant.

answer

...

question

Arthur Andersen

answer

the country's leading accounting firm whose list of high end clients included mighty Enron.

question

e Enron saga now turns to the third member of the slick triumvirate (what one financial editor has dubbed "Enrons Axis of Enron Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Andrew Fastow

answer

AKA Fast Andy

question

Global markets were reeling from what was being called the biggest accounting fraud in American history.

answer

WorldCom's accountant for the 16 months in question had been none other than Arthur Andersen and Company

question

Toughest punishment for corporate wrong doing ever handed down?

answer

WorldCom Bernard J. Ebbers was sentenced to 25 years in prison for securities fraud, conspiracy, and falsely filing with the SEC. Like Enron, Ebbers cooked up the books to show profits that did not exist.

question

Sarbanes-Oxley Act

answer

Corporate and Auditing Accountability and Responsibility Act'. As a result of SOX, top management must now individually certify the accuracy of financial information

question

This case concerned a Los Angeles ophthalmologist

answer

Dr. Jose Manaya, who was convicted in 1984 on charges related to unnecessary eye surgeries

question

Texas in 1991, where 14-year-old Jeremy H. was taken from his home by two uniformed men

answer

Houston-area school counselors have reportedly been offered reward money to refer troubled students to psychiatric treatment centers. "Public service

question

Kickbacks

answer

"In many communities, police officers receive goods, services, or money for referring business to towing companies, ambulances, garages, lawyers, doctors, [bail] bondsmen, undertakers, taxi cab drivers, service stations, [and] moving companies."

question

Shakedowns

answer

A shakedown occurs when a law enforcement officer receives a payoffin exchange for not making an arrest. Shakedowns can range in seriousness from accepting a gratuity from a "respectable" citizen trying to avoid a traffic charge to taking a bribe from an apprehended criminal bargaining for release.

question

grass-eaters"

answer

as the Knapp Commission labeled officers who took graft from prostitutes and gamblers (opportunities presented)

question

"meat eaters"

answer

cops so aggressively corrupt that they were indistinguishable from the most predatory street criminals.

question

Boiler rooms

answer

Put, push and close

question

"durable medical products" (government health program for the elderly)

answer

Such as seat lift chairs, oxygen concentrators, home dialysis systems, and other sometimes unnecessary equipment at inflated costs.

question

Medicare scammers actually prefer equipment to drugs because drugs are more closely monitored

answer

...

question

Financial institutions operate in

answer

Trust by their investors

question

Corporate fraud 2002

answer

Global Crossing, Qwest Communications, Xerox, Adelphia, Tyco, Rite Aid, HealthSouth,

question

Alan Bond (PENSION FUND FRAUD)

answer

was sentenced to 12 years in prison in 2002 for cheating pension funds out of millions of dollars. Bond was convicted ofdefrauding clients by sending unprofitable securities trades to their accounts while directing most of the profitable ones to himself. (Cherry Picking)

question

First Pension, which was run by businessman

answer

William E. Cooper. The company filed for bankruptcy in 1 994, after another company, Summit Trust Company, which served as the custodian for First Pension investors' money, was seized by regulators. But Summit was soon taken by the government.

question

By May 1 994, the FBI and SEC were engaged in ongoing investigations of First Pension, Cooper, and two other owners, Robert Lindley andValerie Jensen.

answer

One example of the extraordinary level of deceit at First Pension involved Cooper's hiring of an actress to portray a state auditor after he was confronted by an employee about the fact that no trust deeds existed in the mortgage pools.

question

Who regulates insurance companies?

answer

States do regulate insurers operating within their jurisdiction and require that many ofthem contribute to a "guaranty fund,

question

One common form of fraud is known as "premium diversion," whereby funds intended to cover claims are diverted for other purposes. Small "fly-by-night" companies have been known do this, then simply disappear after collecting premiums or after complaints about claims begin to pour

answer

...

question

A Senate Banking Committee memo delineates the four most common forms of fraudulent transactions: land flips, nominee loans, reciprocal lending arrangements, and linked financing.

answer

...

question

LAND FLIPS

answer

In a land flip, a piece of property, usually commercial real estate, is sold back and forth between two or more partners, inflating the sales price each time and refinancing the prop- erty with each sale until the value had increased several times over.

question

NOMINEE LOANS

answer

Nominee loan schemes involve loans to a "straw borrower" outside the thrift who is indirectly connected to the thrift. Nominee loans are used to circumvent regulations limit- ing the permissible level of unsecured commercial loans made to thrift insiders.

question

RECIPROCAL LENDING

answer

Reciprocal lending arrangements are similarly designed to evade restrictions on insider loans. These arrangements were used extensively in the mid-1980s by thrift officers and directors, who, instead of making loans directly to themselves

question

LINKED FINANCING

answer

Finally, linked financing is "the practice ofdepositing money into a financial institution with the understanding that the financial institution will make a loan conditioned upon receipt of the deposits."

question

What contributed to lincoln Savings and loan implosion?

answer

high interest rates and slow growth squeezed the industry at both ends,Locked into low-interest mortgages, rising defaults and foreclosures as the recession deepened, and increasing competition from new high-yield investments, S & L seemed doomed to extinction. Ultimately DEREGULATION gave S&L its final blow.

question

CREEP

answer

Committee to Re-elect the President

question

Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Cox. When Richardson refused, he was fired by Nixon. When Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus also refused, he, too, was fired, An indignant press quickly labeled this remarkable sequence of events

answer

Saturday Night Massacre

question

People go to Washing to for?

answer

Wealth

question

Fiduciary Crime

answer

FIDUCIARY FRAUD, a branch of white-collar crime that has witnessed rapid growth since the 1980s, involves a breach of trust committed by financial institutions such as banks and savings and loans, insurance companies, financial service companies, and pension funds. Embezzlement by lowerlevel employees, still the most popular form of fiduciary fraud, has been overshadowed by the misdeeds of upper-level staff who mismanage and loot their own companies.

question

Political action committees (PACs)

answer

are one very convenient source of campaign money

question

Although federal law limits direct PAC contributions to $5,000, the law can be circumvented easily through the use ofso-called

answer

called "soft money"—legally unrestricted donations to political parties, as opposed to restricted donations to individual candidates.

question

In recent times, most ofthe offenses involved in most ofthe successful prosecutions ofcor- rupt federal legislators have fallen into three general categories:

answer

1. violations ofelection laws 2. payroll fraud; and 3. bribery

question

Governor Fife Symington

answer

Soon after taking office he was sued by the Resolution Trust Corporation for his role in directing a failed Phoenix S&L institution, Despite his troubles he won re-election in 1994, A year into his second term a court ruled that Symington was personally liable for a $10 million loan from six pension funds to his defunct real estate company. He declared personal bankruptcy. The disgraced governor was sentenced to 2 1⁄2 years in prison and resigned from office. Symington received a presidential pardon from Bill Clinton

question

Out of all government agencies who investigate crimes, which agency would take everything away from you without even thinking about it?

answer

IRS

question

Operation Greylord

answer

an aggressive FBI crackdown on flagrant corruption inside the country's largest municipal court system, where more than 6 million cases are filed each year. For 3 1⁄2 years, FBI agents, carrying concealed recorders, worked under cover, posing as defendants, defense attorneys, prosecutors, and crime victims. They created phony cases and participated in numerous bribery schemes.

question

Randy "Duke" Cunningham

answer

the most corrupt member of Congress ever uncovered in U.S. history. but on November 29, 2005, he threw in the crying towel and tearfully acknowledged his culpability. He pleaded guilty to charges of bribery, conspiracy, and tax evasion. He had a "bribery menu"

question

Operation ABSCAM

answer

Melvin Weinberg trying to avoid prison sentence decided to help FBI and set up a phony company known as Abdul Enterprises. The first abscam was Angelo Errichetti, the colorful mayor of Camden, New Jersey, and one of the most influential politicians in that state Senator Harrison Arlington Williams, Jr.in the deal of Titanium mine. Errichetti was told that Abdul and an ersatz emir named "Yassir" were concerned about political unrest in their homeland and would like to remain in the United States.

question

Individual physicians can cheat the Medicare systemby billing patients excessively

answer

Threecommon means are overcharges, retainers, and waivers

question

Overcharges

answer

Some doctors make patients sign "contracts" for services such as surgery. These can be at rates much higher than Medicare covered amounts, requiring patients to pay

question

Retainers

answer

Some doctors cheat the system by requiring new patients to pay up-front "retainers"for a package of services purportedly not covered by Medicare in order to receive comprehensive treatment.

question

Waivers

answer

Doctors may ask patients to waive their right to have the physician bill Medicare directly, leaving the patient to pay for such services as telephone calls, medical conferences, and prescription refills.

question

"the babymaker

answer

Cecil Jacobson. Used his own sperm.

question

The second fertility scandal was developing at the University of California, Irvine (UCI)

answer

The Director of a technique called (GIFT) (gamete intrafallopian transfer) prescribed an unapproved fertility drug, performed research on patients without their consent, and "stole" eggs or embryos from patients in order to impregnate othersDr. Sergio Stone, was convicted of insurance fraud. He avoided a jail term when he was put on three years' probation. Dr. Jose Balmaceda fled to his native Chile, where he opened a thriving fertility clinic for well-to-do childless couples. Dr. Ricardo Asch, former director of the defunct UCI Center for Reproductive Health, avoided prosecution by moving to Mexico, where he practiced medicine,taught, and conducted research

question

Ghost Services"

answer

Hospital bill insurances for non existent services or procedures they have never perform.

question

upcode

answer

a practice in which facts of the actual treatment are inten- tionally altered so that insurance companies will pay the maximum amount for the procedure performed.

question

"fragmentation"or "unbundling"

answer

a number of charges can be made from what is usually one single less-expensive charge for services or procedures.

question

"Cost shifting"

answer

is a technique which hospitals use to attract patients by offering reasonable room rates but then charging sky-high prices for ancillary items.

question

white hat" hacker

answer

one who used his skills ethically to understand and secure systems.He always had been highly critical of the malicious

question

"black hat" hackers

answer

those who break into systems for profit and glory

question

"worm."

answer

A worm is similar to a virus, except it is not contagious and only infects its host computer

question

"logic bombs"

answer

In other words,the virus program contains delayed instructions to trigger at some future date or when certain preset conditions are met, such as a specific number of program executions.

question

"pigeon drop (Nigerian Scam)

answer

The way the pigeon drop works is that the scam artists con- vince you that they have 'found' money—money that has unclear ownership, and you can gain a share of it if you just do a few things to show good faith.

question

"playpen" hackers"

answer

creative "showoffs," whobreak into data bases for fun, rather than profit

question

cookbook hackers,

answer

Generally are those that have been developed by the more knowledgeable showoffs.

question

Denial of service Attach

answer

Hacker swamps your website by creating heavy traffic and shutting it down

question

Dena Maur

answer

Talked about reasons public officials commit crimes = Power, Greed and Sex.

question

Ralph Brown Act

answer

guaranteed the public's right to attend and participate in meetings of local legislative bodies

question

Michael Bloomberg mayor of New York City)

answer

Victim of internet crime by Oleg Zezev. He was the chief information technology officer at Kazkommerts Securities, located in the former Soviet republic of Kazakhastan. In the spring of 1999. Attempted to blackmail Bloomberg by threatening to disclose how he broke pass his company's security system. Eventually he was arrested by the FBI

question

OFFSHORE INSURANCE SCAMS

answer

At first glance, it seems hard to believe that swindlers could ever get away with registering their fraudulent companies in make-believe nations, complete with phony currency and bogus passports.

question

J. Edgar Hoover, (FBI)

answer

spied on citizens who criticized the war, opposed the draft, or participated in militant labor organizing efforts. Named the agency FBI. Directed by president Roosevelt issued a proclamation official placing the FBI in charge of all investigations of espionage, sabotage, and subversive activities.

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