ICP.Balancing Chemical Equations – Flashcards
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Balancing Equations by the Element Inventory Method:
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1. Draw boxes around all the chemical formulas. Never, ever, change anything inside the boxes (don't change the subscripts!). 2. Make an inventory of how many atoms of each element you have, and keep it current throughout the whole problem. 3. Write numbers in front of each of the boxes until the inventory for each element is the same both before and after the reaction. Whenever you change a number, make sure to update the inventory - when all the numbers in the inventory balance, then the equation is balanced.
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__C + __O₂ → __CO₂
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balanced
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__CO + __O₂ → __CO₂
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2CO + O₂ → 2CO₂
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__Cu + __HCl → __CuCl₂ + __H₂
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Cu + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂
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__C₃H₈ + __O₂ → __CO₂ + __H₂O
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C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
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__Mg + __Cl₂ --> __MgCl₂
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balanced
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__Mg + __O₂ __MgO
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2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
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__Sn + __HF → __SnF₂ + __H₂
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Sn + 2HF → SnF₂ + H₂
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__Mg + __HCl → __MgCl₂ + __H₂
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Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
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__C₄H₁₀ + __O₂ → __CO₂ + __H₂O
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2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ → 8CO₂ + 10H₂O
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__Fe +__O₂ __Fe₂O₃
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4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃
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__CS₂ + __O₂ → __CO₂ + __SO₂
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CS₂ + 3O₂ → CO₂ +2SO₂
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__MgS + __O₂ → __MgO + __SO₂
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2MgS + 3O₂ → 2MgO + 2SO₂
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__Al + __O₂ → __Al₂O₃
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4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃
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What is the order to balance chemical equations?
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1. Metals 2. Non-Metals 3. Oxygen 4. Hydrogen
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What should you do first when you are balance Chemical Equations?
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First go thru the order, metals. non-metals, Oxygen, Hydrogen
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What should you do second?
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Go Back & look and recheck the equations, you may need to recalculate the numbers. Repeat step until the formula is balance
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What should you do with the formula?
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Repeat second step until the formula is balance
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What is a catalyst?
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A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
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What is an inhibitor?
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A substance that slows down a chemical reaction
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Can you give an example of a catalyst reaction?
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The enzymes breaking down food in the stomach
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Can you give an example of an inhibitor reaction?
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Mixing paint colors
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What is an exothermic reaction?
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A chemical reaction that gives off energy
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Can you give an example of an exothermic reaction?
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A lit up lighter to produce light, heat, and warm
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What is an endothermic reaction?
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A chemical reaction that requires energy
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Can you give an example of an endothermic reaction?
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Freezing water into ice
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What are the Laws of Conservation of Mass
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Mass of reactants=Mass of products
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What is a balanced equation?
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The number of atoms of each element are equal in the reactants and the products
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What are the four types of Chemical reactions?
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The four types of Chemical reactions are synthesis, decompositions, single displacement, and double displacement
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Synthesis
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AB+CD→ABCD
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Decomposition
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ABCD→AB+CD
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Single displacement
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O₂+CH₂→CO₂+H₂O
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Double displacement
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ClCO₃+NaH₂→NaCl+CO₂+H₂O
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What does this symbol → mean?
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→ means produces or yields
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What does this symbol (g) mean?
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(g) means gas
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What does this symbol (cr) mean?
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(cr) means solid
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What does this symbol (aq) mean?
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(aq) means dissolved in water
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What does this symbol (l) mean?
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(l) means liquid
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What are coefficients?
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Let's take a very simple chemical equation, the combination of hydrogen and oxygen to create water. The equation for this is as follows: 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O In english, 2 molecules of hydrogen +. The Big number in front of the atom
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What is subscripts?
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A subscript looks like this Subscripts are numbers used to tell you how many atoms of an element are present in the equation; for instance: water H20 has 2 atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen
