Sociology: A Brief Intro – Chapter 4 – Socialization and the Life Course – Flashcards
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Susan is texting on her cell phone while taking an exam. When her professor walks toward her desk, she hides the phone so she appears to be focused on the exam. Susan is engaging in: A) The Looking-Glass Self B) Resocialization C) Impression Management D) Gender Roles
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C) Impression Management
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The process by which individuals learn the attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for a particular culture is called ____.
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socialization
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According to George Herbert Mead, when children enter the play stage of development they begin to: A) pretend to be other people. B) mimic the people around them by doing exactly what they do. C) think of society as a whole in the abstract D) consider several tasks and relationships simultaneously.
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A) pretend to be other people.
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During the game stage, children begin to: >1 A) consider several tasks and relationships simultaneously. B) consider the effect their behavior has on others. C) grasp their own social positions as well as those of others. D) think of their own wants and needs in a new way.
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A) consider several tasks and relationships simultaneously. B) consider the effect their behavior has on others. C) grasp their own social positions as well as those of others.
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The theory of the self as a matter of learning to assume the perspective of others was developed by which of the following sociologists? A) George Herbert Mead B) Erving Goffman C) Charles Horton Cooley D) Sigmund Freud
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A) George Herbert Mead
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Transitions that bring about changes in one's life are called rites of ____.
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passage
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Which TWO of the following types of mass media have the most profound effect on childhood socialization in the U.S.? A) Internet B) Movies C) Television D) Billboards
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A) Internet C) Television
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In George Herbert Mead's stages of the self, children become more aware of social relationships and take the role of others in the ____ stage.
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play
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Psychologist Jean Piaget observed the stages of ____ development from birth to adolescence. A) Social B) Cognitive C) Physical D) Sexual
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B) Cognitive
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Family, schools, mass media, and the state are considered ____ socialization. A) unimportant to B) agents of C) opponents of
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B) agents of
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Rank the steps of the looking-glass self in the correct order, from first to last.
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1) We imagine how we present ourselves to others. 2) We imagine how others evaluate us. 3) We develop feelings about ourselves as a result of various impressions.
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The self is a distinct identity that sets us apart from others and: A) once we have a sense of self locked in place it can never be changed. B) is not a static phenomenon, but continues to develop and change throughout life. C) is a static phenomenon that does not develop once it is established. D) develops organically within us as our biological drives develop.
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B) is not a static phenomenon, but continues to develop and change throughout life.
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The two types of socialization that occur at many points throughout life are anticipatory socialization and ____.
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resocialization
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A ____ crisis is often a stressful period of self-evaluation that is experienced by both men and women beginning around age forty.
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midlife
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Socially defined expectations of male and female behaviors, attitudes, and activities are called ____ roles.
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gender
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As children grow older, the family's influence becomes ____ important to their social development.
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less
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Which of the following statements about total institutions are true? >1 A) Participants are involved and consulted with to devise rules in the institution B) They provide for all the needs of its members. C) People often lose their individuality within total institutions. D) Resocialization is least effective when it occurs within total institutions.
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B) They provide for all the needs of its members. C) People often lose their individuality within total institutions.
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In George Herbert Mead's stages of the self, the ____ stage is when children begin to understand not only their own social positions but also those of close others around them.
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game
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As in most societies, the most important agent of socialization in the U.S. is the ____.
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family
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Jean Piaget argued that social interaction is key to development. As children grow older, they pay more and more attention to: >1 A) How other people think B) Themselves more than others. C) Why people act in particular ways.
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A) How other people think C) Why people act in particular ways.
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The term ____ is used to describe an individual's patterns of attitudes, needs, characteristics, and behavior.
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personality
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____ others are those individuals who play a crucial role in developing an individual's self. A) Ineffectual B) Generalized C) Anticipatory D) Significant
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D) Significant
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Maria is married and has two children who live at home. Her aging parents have serious health problems and demand a considerable amount of time and money from Maria. This situation describes: A) a midlife crisis. B) the life course approach C) a rite of passage D) the sandwich generation
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D) the sandwich generation
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According to George Herbert Mead, the self is developed through what three stages?
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1) Prepatory 2) Play 3) Game
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An institution that regulates all aspects of a person's life under a single authority is known as which of the following, according to Erving Goffman? A) Degradation Ceremony B) Total Institution C) Anticipatory Institution D) Community Club
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B) Total Institution
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Which of the following statements reflect the importance of human contact in the socialization process? >1 A) Human beings develop just fine with or without normal social interaction. B) Toddlers' social interaction with peers is critical for emotional growth. C) Social isolation affects children's ability to communicate effectively. D) Human relationships are shaped through socialization.
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B) Toddlers' social interaction with peers is critical for emotional growth. C) Social isolation affects children's ability to communicate effectively. D) Human relationships are shaped through socialization.
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The phrase "looking-glass self" refers to our view of ourselves that comes from: >1 A) contemplation of our personal qualities. B) our impressions of how others perceive us. C) imagining how we present ourselves to others. D) television, radio, and other media sources.
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A) contemplation of our personal qualities. B) our impressions of how others perceive us. C) imagining how we present ourselves to others.
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Who or what are agents of socialization that play the PRIMARY role in guiding children toward acceptable gender roles in society?
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Parents and family
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The term 'generalized other' refers to: A) How children imitate the people around them, especially family members. B) How children consider the effects of their behavior on society as a whole. C) The gestures, objects, and words that form the basis of human communication.
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B) How children consider the effects of their behavior on society as a whole.
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A young woman decides she wants to become a professional model, so she surfs the Internet for information and attends modeling classes. This is and example of: A) Occupational Socialization B) Resocialization C) Anticipatory Socialization
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C) Anticipatory Socialization
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According to Mead, the process of mentally assuming the perspective of another and responding from that imagined viewpoint is known as: A) The I/Me concept. B) Psychological Stability. C) Role Taking. D) Biological Development.
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C) Role Taking.
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Even though children are highly influenced by their peer group and the mass media, the ____ exerts more influence in their socialization than any other agent. A) internet B) schools C) family D) workplace
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C) family
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____ was among the first sociologists to analyze the connection between symbols and socialization. A) Karl Marx B) Emile Durkheim C) George Herbert Mead D) Erving Goffman
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C) George Herbert Mead
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The process of socialization begins when children are A) 3-4 years old. B) born. C) entering school. D) old enough to learn language.
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B) born.
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Which of the following has reinstituted some of the rites of passage once observed in agricultural communities and early industrial societies and has impacted the life course? A) Book Groups B) Organized Religion C) Franchises D) Labor Unions
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B) Organized Religion
