CRP 212 Final (Polylearn & Tophat) – Flashcards
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What are the two key elements that define a freeway?
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-Grade separation -Limited access
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Which of the following is a greater determinant of overall roadway network capacity?
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Intersection capacity
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What does TOD stand for?
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Transit Oriented Development
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What is the City of SLO's goal for the percentage of trips taken by bicycle?
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20%
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What does Level of Service in transportation measure?
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How well a roadway handles traffic flow
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Which types of roads have the highest capacity and speeds based on the Federal Highway Administration roadway classification scheme?
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Principal arterials
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What are the two reasons that the era of widespread freeway building in the U.S. came to an end in the mid 1970s?
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-Costs were rising too fast -Too much political dissent and opposition
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Which type of rail system usually operates over the longest distances?
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Commuter rail
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What is the City of SLO's desired maximum speed limit for local streets?
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25mph
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What was the major failing of the modern freeway system from a planning perspective?
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There was not a sufficient consideration for the affects on land use.
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In the City of SLO, who evaluates the project proposals for their urban design quality?
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Architectural Review Commission
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Which of the following is a key design principle for the City of SLO?
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Keep San Luis Obispo architecturally distinctive, don't let it become "anywhere USA."
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Are all residential projects required to go through design review in the City of SLO?
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No
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How does the City of SLO refer to the appropriate scale of community design?
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Pedestrian scale
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Which technique has the City of SLO used to document its urban design approach?
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Design guidelines
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What is the City of SLO's position on innovative designs?
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Encouraged because it brings variety especially when design is excellent and creative.
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What is a charrette?
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A community-based design process
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What is the term for design that takes advantage of the natural landscape and seeks to minimize environmental damage?
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Ecological design
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In California, how often is a city required to update the Housing Element of the General Plan?
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Every 5 years
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What percentage or less of income is considered affordable for housing costs?
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30%
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Most of the housing in the U.S. is of which type?
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Single family, detached
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How is "very low income" defined?
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Making 50% or less of the county median income.
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What does the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) require cities to do?
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Demonstrate through zoning and land use that they can accommodate a specified amount of housing.
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Where does Cal Poly get its potable (drinking) water?
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Whale Rock Reservoir
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What types of infrastructure does Yin characterize as potentially limiting development?
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Availability of Water
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Which of the following best describes a capital improvements program?
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A plan identifying major infrastructure projects and their source of funding.
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What is the shift in thinking regarding energy production that planners are starting to address in community plans?
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That production is shifting from centralized facilities to small on-site facilities
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Nearly half of the 400 billion gallons of water used every day in the U.S. is for what?
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Use by thermoelectric power plants
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What is the primary source of water for the City of SLO?
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Surface water reservoirs
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Why has the use of groundwater been limited in SLO?
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It is contaminated
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True or False: The City of SLO is the sole water purveyor within the city limits.
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True
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Santa Fe, NM had a program to retrofit what component of houses in order to save water?
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Toilets
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Over the last 10 years, per person (capita) water use in SLO has mostly:
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Stayed the same
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True or False: In California, local elected officials no longer have the authority to raise taxes without voter approval.
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True
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True or False: Unlike fees, taxes must be related to certain services or public benefits, and, thus, the relationship between the tax and its use must be accounted for.
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False
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What type of fund is used to track monies received and expended for municipal services where fees or charges to the users of those services and those revenues pay wholly or in part for such services?
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Enterprise fund
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What is a typical first step in a real estate development process?
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Determine the size, parameters and construction timeline for the property
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When estimating rental income potential, what factor in addition to rentable area and average rent per square foot must you consider?
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Vacancy rate
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Transient occupancy tax (TOT) is applied to what?
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Hotels and motels
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What kind of zoning approval is based on a request for a unique zoning that usually requires intensive negotiation between the applicant and the city--and sometimes neighbors and other interested parties?
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Planned unit development
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Which of the following is usually recommended for applicants who are early in the development review process?
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Neighborhood meeting
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If an applicant had a project with a minor discrepancy from what the zoning code allowed, what kind of development approval would they seek?
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Variance
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If you are a member of the public, what is the most important opportunity to oppose projects that you think are inconsistent with the general plan or zoning code?
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Public hearing
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True or False: Most communities require that the public be notified when a property owner wants to change their zoning designation.
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True
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What is the relationship between the Initial Study and the Negative Declaration?
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A Negative Declaration is prepared when the Initial Study shows no significant impacts
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What is the primary purpose of a CEQA scoping meeting?
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Determine which environmental issues need to covered in an EIR
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Who has the primary legal responsibility for the preparation of environmental documents under CEQA?
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Lead agency (usually cities and counties)
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Which of the following best defines the California Environmental Quality Act?
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An objective process to disclose and minimize environmental damage
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Which of the following would NOT be addressed in an EIR?
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Economic growth
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The reduction of a road from 4 lanes to 2 lanes is commonly referred to as a
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Road diet
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What is the planning term for a street that is safe and accessible for all users: pedestrians, bicyclists, transit users, and motor vehicle drivers?
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Complete street
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Which of the following is NOT a component zone of a street?
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Parking area
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Clearing ground-level vegetation as a way of reducing the risk of wildfire is an example of what type of hazard mitigation?
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Hazard abatement
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Are agricultural areas considered to be open space?
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Yes
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What are the six criteria pollutants regulated under the U.S. Clean Air Act?
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Carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, ozone, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter.
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Which of the following best describes a hazard mitigation plan?
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A plan prepared before disaster strikes to help the community understand and reduce its risk.
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What are the long-term recovery areas identified by Yin in the course textbook?
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Physical, economic, environmental, social
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Why are communities concerned about the wildland-urban interface?
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These areas are at significant risk to wildfire disasters.
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Which of the following is an example of a seismic hazard?
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Tsunami
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The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement that addressed what environmental issue?
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Climate change
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If a Lead Agency wanted to approve a project with significant, un-mitigable negative environmental impacts, what must they do?
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Adopt a Statement of Overriding Considerations
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Who ultimately enforces CEQA?
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The public through the review process, political engagement, and the courts
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If an Initial Study (IS) shows that a project has significant but mitigable impacts, what type of report is prepared?
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Mitigated negative declaration (MND)
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If the City of San Luis Obispo wanted to build a new City Hall, who would most likely be the lead agency under CEQA?
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The City of San Luis Obispo
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Which CEQA document is usually longer and more complex?
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Environmental Impact Report (EIR)
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True or False: CEQA requires that projects bad for the environment must be denied.
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False
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In the Friends of Mammoth v. Board of Supervisors of Mono County case, the California Supreme Court made a fundamental change to the interpretation of CEQA. What was this change?
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CEQA could apply to private as well as public projects
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What is CEQA an abbreviation for?
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California Environmental Quality Act
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What does an inclusionary housing ordinance require?
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Percentage of housing set aside as affordable
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What is something a city government could do to increase the supply of market-rate housing?
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-increase supply in response to demand -tax incentives
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What is the problem with only helping people with the costs of housing (demand-side) and not the supply side?
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It tends to increase the price of housing
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Why is lack of affordable housing in Marin County considered a problem?
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Market imbalance
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What percentage of the median income is considered Very Low income?
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30-50%
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Assume a city had 50,000 jobs and 50,000 residential units. Compared to California as a whole, which of the following would be true?
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It has too many residential units for the number of jobs
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What is the climate change law passed by the State of California in 2006?
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AB 32
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What is California's 2020 GHG emissions goal?
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1990 level
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What is the main factor that differentiates GHG emissions among most cities?
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Primary electricity sources
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What are co-benefits?
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Health benefits and community education
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What is the first step in climate action planning process?
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Inventory emissions and assess risk
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Potential impact of climate change
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-Climate change exposure + Sector sensitivity -Rising sea levels + coastal development
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What are the two areas of action in a CAP?
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Emissions reduction and climate adaptation
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What is the primary reason that VMT has increased in the U.S.?
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Our trips are longer
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What is the typical mode choice in the U.S. for a trip of 10 miles?
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Car
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Match the following elements of a basic transportation model. Origin Destination Mode Route
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Origin - Residence Destination - Grocery Store Mode - Bicycle Route - Class I Path
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What is a developer's statement about development assumptions, cash flow, and revenues?
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Pro forma
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If a city wanted to expand its net revenue (from taxes and fees), what type of development should it support?
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Commercial
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What are the components of development costs?
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design, land, construction, permits
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Why is development considered a risky business proposition?
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Uncertainty of costs
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Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of sense of place?
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-Sense of history & local aesthetic -Cutting-edge architecture
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True or False: Good campus design can improve student academic performance.
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True
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What are the three components of a wastewater treatment system?
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-Collection -Treatment -Disposal
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Why is VMT increasing? (Rank)
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-trip length (35%) -person trips/capita (18%) -mode shift (17%) -vehicle occupancy (17%) -population (13%)
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4 Stages of Transportation
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-Trip Generation -Trip Distribution -Modal Split -Traffic Assignment
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Bikeway Types
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-Bike Path (Class I): exclusively for bikes and pedestrians -Bike Lane (Class II): striped lane on roadway -Bike Route with Multi-Use Shoulder (Class III) -Cycle Track: bike lanes on roadways separated from traffic and sidewalk -Bike Boulevard: low speed streets that give bikes priority vehicle traffic -Buffered/Colored Bike Lanes
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Transportation Strategy Types
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-pricing and taxes -Land Use and Smart Growth -Non motorized transport (lanes just for busses like at 3rd st Promenade) -Public transportation improvements -Ridesharing, carsharing (ZipCar, etc.)
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When was SLO's Water and Wastewater Management Element adopted?
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1987
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What five water resources does the City of SLO use to meet current and future City water demand
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-Salinas Reservoir (Santa Margarita Lake) -Whale Rock Reservoir (used for potable drinking water) -Nacimiento Reservoir -recycled water from the City's Water Reclamation Facility -groundwater
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SLO Demographics
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45,000 people 19,000 households 70,000 jobs *Market imbalance (jobs:housing ratio - 3.69)
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Two types of funds local governments use:
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-General funds (unrestricted) -all other funds (restricted) ---> ex: Special Revenue Funds, Capital Project Funds, Debt Service Funds, Permanent Funds, Enterprise Funds, Internal Service Funds, Fiduciary Funds
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What does GAAP stand for
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General accepted accounting principles
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How to find rental income
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(Rental area) x (average rent per square foot or square meter)
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Development Review Process
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1. Pre-application Conference 2. Neighborhood Meetings 3. Application 4. Referrals (to other agencies) 5. Notices 6. Staff Review, Referrals, & Report 7. Public Hearings & Meetings 8. Recommendations & Decisions 9. Appeals
