Flashcards and Answers – Probability and Genetics
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the percentage of usable fresh water on Earth
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less than 1%
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Probability:
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the likelihood that a particular event will occur
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Punnett Square:
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A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles
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What represents alleles?
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letters
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A dominant allele =
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capital letter
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A recessive allele =
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lower-case letter
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Phenotype:
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an organism's physical appearance (visible traits)
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Genotype:
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an organism's genetic makeup (allele combinations)
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Homozygous:
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an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (purebred)
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Heterozygous:
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an organism that has two different alleles for a trait (hybrid)
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Codominance:
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a condition in which neither of the two alleles of a gene is dominant nor recessive
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Define Heredity:
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the passing of traits from parents to offspring (traits=characteristics
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Define genetics:
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the scientific study of heredity
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Who was Gregor Mendel
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the father of genetics
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Define Chromosomes:
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a double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information
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Define Purebred:
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organisms that always produce offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent
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Define Genes:
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segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
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Define Alleles:
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diferent forms of genes
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Define Dominant allele:
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an allele whose trait always shows up in an organism when the allele is present
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Define Recessive allele:
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an allele that is masked (not seen or observed; hidden)
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Define Hybrid:
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an organism that had two different alleles for a trait
