Clin Med Derm Skin Lesions – Flashcards
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Flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin; less than 1cm in diameter
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Macule
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Elevated, firm, circumscribed area; less than 1 cm in diameter.
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Papule
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Flat, nonpalpable, irregular-shaped macule greater than 1 cm in diameter.
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Patch
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Elevated, firm, rough lesion with flat top surface greater than 1 cm in diameter.
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Plaque
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Elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, variable diameter.
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Wheal
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Elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion; deeper in dermis than a papule; 1 to 2 cm in diameter.
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Nodule
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Elevated and solid lesion; may or may not be clearly demarcated; deeper in dermis; greater than 2 cm in diameter.
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Tumor
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Elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis; filled with serous fluid; less than 1 cm in diameter.
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Vesicle
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Vesicle greater than 1 cm in diameter
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Bulla
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Elevated, superficial lesion; similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid.
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Pustule
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Elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion; in dermis or subcutaneous layer; filled with liquid or semisolid material.
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Cyst
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Fine, irregular, red lines produced by capillary dilation.
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Telangiectasia
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Heaped-up, keratinized cells; flaky skin; irregular; thick or thin; dry or oily; variation in size.
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Scale
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Rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation; often involves flexor surface of extremity.
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Lichenification
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Irregular-shaped elevated, progressively enlarging scar; grows beyond the boundaries of the wound; caused by excessive collagen formation during healing.
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Keloid
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Thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration to the dermis
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Scar
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Loss of the epidermis; linear hollowed-out, crusted area.
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Excoriation
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Linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry.
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Fissure
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Loss of part of the epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla.
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Erosion
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Loss of epidermis and dermis; concave appearance.
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Ulcer
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Dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown, red, black, tan, or straw-colored.
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Crust (scab)
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Thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin translucent and paper-like.
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Atrophy
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An example of a macule?
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freckles, flat moles (nevi), petechiae, measles, scarlet fever
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Example of a papule?
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Wart (verruca), elevated moles, lichen planus
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Example of a patch?
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Vitiligo, port-wine stains, Mongolian sports, cafe au lait patch
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Example of a plaque?
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Psoriasis, seborrheic, and actinic keratoses
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Example of a wheal?
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insect bites, urticaria, allergic reactions
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Example of a nodule?
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Erythema nodosum, lipoma
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Example of a tumor?
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Neoplasms, benign tumor, lipoma
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Example of a vesicle?
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Varicella (chickenpox), herpes zoster (shingles)
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Example of a bulla?
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Blister, pemphigus vulgaris
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Example of a pustule?
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Impetigo, acne
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Example of a cyst?
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Sebaceous cyst, cystic acne
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Example of telangiectasia?
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Telangiectasia in rosacea
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Example of a scale?
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Flaking skin with seborrheic dermatitis following scarlet fever or flaking of skin following a drug rxn; dry skin
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Example of lichenification?
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Chronic dermatitis
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Example of when a keloid could form?
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Keloid formation following surgery caused by raised scar with excessive collagen.
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Example of an excoriation?
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Abrasion or scratch, scabies
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Example of a fissure?
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Athlete's foot, cracks at the corner of the mouth
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Example of skin erosion?
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Varicella, variola after rupture
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Example of when you would find crust?
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On an abrasion, eczema
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Example of skin atrophy?
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Striae; aged skin
