ATI Community nursing (school/occupational/hospice/etc) – Flashcards
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What do the principles of autonomy include?
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• protection of privacy • respect for person • informed consent • fulfillment of client goals
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Scenario: A toddler is seen at the clinic with the following clinical symptoms - Fever of 103, runny nose, dry cough, blotchy, reddish-brown rash, and white spots with blue centers inside the mouth (Koplik's spots). The child's provider reports the rash started on the face and progressed downward to the feet following a family trip to Switzerland. The child is diagnosed with measles. The next week, three more children present with similar symptoms, and are diagnosed with measles as well. Upon further investigation, it is found that all three children are in the same daycare class as the rst child that was diagnosed. Of all four children, none had received the MMR immunization. Who/what is the environment?
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The environment is all that is external to the host, including how the agent was transmitted. In this scenario, the environment includes the human reservoir, the travel of the child to Switzerland, and the daycare setting that allowed for transmission of the virus to other children.
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In what roles do community nurses practice as?
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◯ Home health nurses ◯ Hospice nurses ◯ Occupational health nurses ◯ Parish nurses ◯ School nurses ◯ Case managers
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Which aggregates receive services from community health nurses?
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◯ Individuals from infancy to death ◯ Families ◯ Groups within the community
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What are the functions of a home health nurse?
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• educator • provider of skilled nursing interventions • coordinator of care
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What skilled services do home health nurses provide?
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■ Skilled assessment ■ Wound care ■ Laboratory draws ■ Medication education and administration ■ Parenteral nutrition ■ IV fluids and medication ■ Central line care ■ Urinary catheter insertion and maintenance ■ Coordination/supervision of various other participants in health services
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What do home health nurses evaluate
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• the living environment for safety • paying close attention to non secure rugs, electrical outlets, and extension cords, the use of oxygen, safety devices in the bathroom, and other potential environmental hazards.
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What questions should the home health nurse ask?
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☐ Does the client have food in the house to eat? ☐ Is there help with household activities? ☐ Does the client live alone? ☐ Who is the client's support system? ☐ Is the client able to set up and dispense his own medication? ☐ Does the client have access to health care?
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What instructions should the home health nurse provide?
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they must educate the client and the family regarding complications or adverse reactions. ■ These instructions may include when to contact the agency, the emergency room, or the provider. Information and resources for families and clients can provide support in dealing with illness.
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Why educate clients about their diseases?
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nurses encourage clients to be independent and to be involved in their own care. It also allows the family to be involved in the care and decision-making regarding their family member.
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How does an occupational health nurse work toward the health and safety of workers?
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■ Assessing risks for work-related illness and injury. ■ Planning and delivery of health and safety services in the workplace. ■ Facilitating health promotion activities that lead to a more productive workforce.
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What are primary prevention roles for an occupational health nurse?
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• Teaching good nutrition and knowledge of health hazards • identifying workplace hazards • providing information on immunizations, use of protective equipment, and smoking cessation.
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What are secondary prevention roles for an occupational health nurse?
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• Early detection through health surveillance and screening • prompt treatment • counseling and referral • prevention of further limitations.
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What are tertiary prevention roles for an occupational health nurse?
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Restoration of health through rehabilitation strategies and limited duty programs
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What should be the focus of a workplace walkthrough?
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■ Observation of work processes and materials. ■ Job requirements. ■ Actual and potential hazards. ■ Employee work practices (hygiene, waste disposal, housekeeping). ■ Incidence/prevalence of work-related illness/injuries. ■ Control strategies to eliminate exposures.
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What control strategies can reduce future work-place exposures?
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■ Engineering ■ Altering work practices ■ Providing personal protective equipment and education to prevent future injuries ■ Workplace monitoring ■ Health screening ■ Employee-assistance programs ■ Job-task analysis ■ Design, risk management, and emergency preparedness
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What are the roles of a school nurse?
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• case manager • community outreach • consultant • counselor • direct caregiver • health educator • researcher
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What is the Healthy People 2020 recommended nurse to student ratio?
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1:750 (healthy populations)
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What are some primary prevention strategies for school nurses?
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• hand hygiene and tooth-brushing • healthy food choices • injury prevention including bike and water safety • substance abuse prevention • maintain current records of required immunizations
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What are some secondary prevention strategies for school nurses?
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• Provide care to children with: ◯◯ Headaches ◯◯ Stomach pain ◯◯ Injuries that occur at school • Provide emergency care such as first aid and CPR. • The school clinic should have commonly needed supplies. • Screenings • The school nurse is required by state law to officially report all suspected cases of child abuse/neglect. • Identify children at risk for mental illness, suicide and violence
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What health screenings should a school nurse perform?
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◯◯ Vision and hearing ◯◯ Height and weight ◯◯ Oral health ◯◯ Scoliosis ◯◯ Infestations (Lice) ◯◯ General physical examinations
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What tertiary prevention strategies might a school nurse utilize?
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• Participate in developing the individual education plan (IEP) for children with disabilities. • Work with child/family to develop and achieve long-term outcomes. • Provide nursing care for children with disorders including: asthma, diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis. • Responsible for administering medication per the provider's prescription. • The prescribed medication should be in the original bottle and be stored in a secure place. • Written consent by the parents is required. • Provide care to children who have specific health needs, including: ◯◯ Urinary catheterizations ◯◯ Dressing changes ◯◯ IV line monitoring
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What kinds of school programs might a school nurse facilitate?
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• health education • physical education • health services • nutrition services • counseling, psychological and social services • promotion of a healthy school environment • health promotion for staff • facilitation of family/community involvement
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What are the health concerns for children (birth to 12 yo)?
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☐☐ Perinatal conditions/congenital anomalies ☐☐ Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) ☐☐ Motor vehicle/other unintentional injuries
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What are the health concerns for adolescents?
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☐☐ Motor vehicle/other unintentional injuries ☐☐ Homicide ☐☐ Suicide
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What times of transition are risks for families?
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• birth or adoption of a child • death of a family member • child moving out of the home • marriage of a child • major illness • divorce • loss of the main family income
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What do transitions require that puts families at risk?
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• change behaviors • make new decisions, • reallocate family roles • learn new skills • learn to use new resources
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What are some characteristics of healthy families?
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■■ Members communicate well and listen to each other. ■■ There is affirmation and support for all members. ■■ Members teach respect for others. ■■ There is a sense of trust. ■■ Members play and share humor together. ■■ Members interact with one another. ■■ There is a shared sense of responsibility. ■■ There are traditions and rituals. ■■ Members seek help for their problems.
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In terms of health care goals what are some things to reduce?
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☐☐ Barriers to access ☐☐ Allergic content within the home ☐☐ Number of families who are unable to have a child or maintain a pregnancy ☐☐ Passive smoke exposure ☐☐ Number of hungry families
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In terms of health care goals what are some things to increase?
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☐☐ The amount of agency-provided education on health related issues ☐☐ Home testing for radon and lead
