CNA Definitions – Flashcards

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Activities of daily living ADL's
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personal daily care tasks, including bathing, dressing, mouth care, hair care, toileting, and eating and drinking.
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acute care
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24 hour skilled care for temporary illnesses of injuries; generally given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers.
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adaptive devices/assistive devices
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special equipment that helps a person who is ill of disabled perform ADL's also called assistive devices.
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adult daycare
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care given to adults at a facility during daytime work hours.
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assisted living
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a setting for people who require some help with daily care, but who need less care than a long-term care facility offers.
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care team
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the group of people with different kinds of education and experience who provide resident care.
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chain of command
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the order of authority within a facility.
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charge nurse (nurse-in-charge)
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a nurse responsible for a team of healthcare workers.
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chronic
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the term for an illness of condition that is long-term of long-lasting.
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site
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to find a problem through a survey.
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conscientious
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guided by a sense of right and wrong; principled.
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continuity of care
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coordination of care for a resident over time, during which the care team is always exchanging information about the resident and working toward shared goals.
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delegation
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transferring authority to a person for a specific task.
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dementia
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the loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning and communicating.
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diagnosis
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the identification of a disease by its signs and symptoms and from the results of different tests.
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functional nursing
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method of care assigning specific tasks to each team member.
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holistic
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care that involves the whole person; this includes his of her physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs.
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home health care
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care that take place in a person's home.
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hospice care
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care for people who have six months of less to live.
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inter-generational care
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mixing children and the elderly in the same care setting.
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Joint Commission
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a not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits different types of healthcare facilities.
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liability
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a legal term that means a person can be held responsible for harming someone else.
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licensed practical nurse(LPN)/licensed vocational nurse(LVN)
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licensed nurse who has completed one to two years of education; LPN/LVN passes medications, gives treatments, and may supervise daily care of residents.
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long-term care
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24-hour care provided usually in nursing homes for people with ongoing conditions.
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nurse practitioner (CNP)
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a registered nurse with advanced education who is able to see patients and write prescriptions.
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nursing assistant
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an important member of the care team who performs assigned nursing tasks and gives personal care.
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outpatient care
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care usually given for less than 24 hours to people who have had treatment or surgery.
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pet therapy
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the practice of bringing pets into a facility of home to provide stimulation and companionship.
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primary nursing
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method of a care in which the registered nurse gives much of the daily care to resident.
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registered nurse (RN)
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a licensed nurse who has completed who to four years of education; RN's assess residents, monitor progress, provide skilled nursing care, give treatments, and supervise the care given by nursing assistants and other members of the care team.
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rehabilitation
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a program of care given by a specialist to restore or improve function after an illness or injury.
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resident
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a person living in a long-term care facility.
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sandwich generation
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people responsible for the care of both their children and aging relatives.
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skilled care
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medically necessary care give by a skilled nurse of therapist.
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subacute care
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care given in a nursing home of a hospital; used for people who need a higher level of care and observation than some long-term care facilities can give.
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tea leader
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a nurse in charge of a group of residents for one shift of duty.
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team nursing
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method of care in which a nurse acts as a leader of a group of people giving care.
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CMS
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The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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HCFA
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the Health Care Finance Administration is a federal agency within the United States Department of health and Human Services.
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Medicare
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Medicare has tow parts: Hospital Insurance(Part A), and Medical Insurance (Part B). Part A helps pay for care from a hospital, skilled nursing facility, home health agency, or hospice. Part B helps pay for physician services and other medial services and equipment. Medicare covers a percentage of healthcare costs. Medicare will only pay for care it determines to be medically necessary.
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Medicaid
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Medicaid is a medical assistance program for low-income people. It is funded by both the federal government and each state. Eligibility is determined by income and special circumstances. People must quality for this program.
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abuse
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purposely causing physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone.
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active neglect
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purposely harming a person physically, mentally, or emotionally by failing to provide needed care.
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advance directives
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written documents or oral statements that allow people to decide what king of medical are they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.
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assault
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threatening to harm a person of lading a person to feel threatened that he or she will be touched without his or her permission.
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batter
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the actual touching of another person without the person' permission.
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civil law
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private law; law between individuals.
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criminal law
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public law; related to committing a crime against the community.
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DBT (do-not-resuscitate)
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an order that tells medical professional not to perform CPR.
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domestic violence
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abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family member; can be physical, sexual, or emotional.
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Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
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a signed, dated and witnessed paper that appoints someone to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he becomes unable to do so.
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ethics
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the knowledge of what is right and wrong; standards of conduct.
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etiquette
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the code of proper behavior and courtesy in a certain setting.
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false imprisonment
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unlawfully restraining or confining someone against his or her will.
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financial abuse
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stealing, taking advantage of, or improperly using the money, property, or other assets of another.
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HIPAA
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law passed to protect the privacy of health information and to facilitate the transferring of protected health information (PHI) for payment and research needs.
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invasion of privacy
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a violation of the right to be left alone and the right to control personal information.
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involuntary seclusion
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confinement or separation from others in a physical space; done without consent or against one's will.
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laws
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rules set by the government to help protect the public.
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Living Will
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a document that states the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he or she becomes unable to make those decisions.
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malpractice
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a negligent or improper act by a doctor or other medical professional that results in damage or injury to a person.
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mandated reporters
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people who are required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect due to their regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in nursing homes.
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misappropriation
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the act of taking what belongs to someone else and using it illegally for one's own gain.
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NATCEP (Nurse Aide Training and Competency Evaluation Program)
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part of OBRA that sets minimum requirements for nursing assistants for training and testing.
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negligence
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actions, or a failure to act or give care, that results in injury to a person.
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OBRA (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act)
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law originally passed in 1987; includes minimum standards for nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessment instructions, and information on rights for residents.
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ombudsman
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person assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents.
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passive neglect
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unintentionally harming a person physically, mentally, or emotionally by failing to provide needed care.
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physical abuse
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intentional or unintentional treatment that causes harm or injury to a person's body.
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Protected Health Information (PHI)
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information that can be used to identify a person and relates to the patient's past, present, or future physical or mental condition, including any health care that patient has had, or payment for that health care.
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psychological abuse
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harming a person by threatening, scaring, insulting, humiliating, or treating him or her as a child; also includes verbal abuse.
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Residents' Council
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a group of residents who meet regularly to discuss issues related to the nursing home.
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scope of practice
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the tasks that nursing assistants are permitted to perform as allowed by state or federal law.
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sexual abuse
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forcing a person to perform of participate in sexual acts against his or her will.
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sexual harassment
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any unwelcome sexual advance of behavior that creates an intimidation, hostile or offensive working environment.
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substance abuse
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the use of drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol in a way that harms oneself or others.
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verbal abuse o
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oral or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten or embarrass a person.
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workplace violence
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the abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors; includes both physical and verbal abuse.
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active listening
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a way of communicating that involves giving a person your full attention while formation and clarify idea; includes nonverbal communication.
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barrier
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a block or an obstacle; object(s) worn by healthcare providers to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases.
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body language
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all of the conscious or unconscious messages your body sends as you communicate, such as facial expressions, shrugging your shoulders, and wringing your hands.
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care conference
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a meeting to share and gather information about residents in order to develop a care plan.
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chart
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a written legal record of all care received within a facility.
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charting
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the act of noting care and observations; documenting.
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code
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when a group of specially-trained staff is called to provide advanced life support to a resident.
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code status
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whether a resident has a signed advance life support to a resident.
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critical thinking
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the process of reasoning and analyzing in order to solve problems; for nursing assistant, critical thinking means making good observations and promptly reporting all potential problems.
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culture
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a set of learned beliefs, values, traditions, and behaviors shared by a social, ethnic, or age group.
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edema
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swelling in body tissues caused by excess fluid.
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incident
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an accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care.
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incident report
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a written report documenting the incident and the response to the incident.
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Minimum Data Set (MDS)
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a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents in nursing homes; also details what to do if resident problems are identified.
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nonverbal communication
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communication without words, such as gestures and facial expressions.
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nursing process
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an organized method used by nurses to determine residents' needs, plan the appropriate care to meet those needs, and evaluate how well the plan of care is working; five steps are assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
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prefix
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a word part added to the beginning of a root to create a new meaning.
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prioritize
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to place things in order of importance.
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objective information
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factual information collected using the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and touch; also called signs.
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root
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the main part of the word that gives it meaning.
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rounds
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physical movement of staff from room to room to discuss each resident and the plans of care.
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sentinel event
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an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury.
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subjective information
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information collected form residents, their family members and friends; information may not be true but is what the person reported; also called symptoms.
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suffix
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a word part added to the end of a root of a prefix to create a new meaning.
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verbal communication
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communication involving the use of spoken or written words or sounds.
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vital signs
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measurements that monitor the function of the vital organs of the body.
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airway
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the natural passageway for air to enter into the lungs.
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anxiety
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uneasiness, often about a situation or condition.
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artificial airway
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any plastic, metal or rubber device inserted into the respiratory tract for the purpose of maintaining ventilation.
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coma
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state of unconsciousness in which a person is unable to respond to any change in the environment, including pain.
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combative
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violent of hostile.
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confusion
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the inability to think clearly and logically.
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defense mechanisms
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unconscious behaviors used to release tension and/or help a person cope with stress.
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depression
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an illness that causes social withdrawal, lack of energy, and loss of interest in activities, as well as other symptoms.
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disorientation
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confusion about person, place or time; may be permanent or temporary.
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impairment
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a loss of function or ability; a partial or complete loss.
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masturbation
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to touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person sexual pleasure.
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tracheostomy
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an opening through the neck into the trachea that is surgically created.
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ageism
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stereotyping of, prejudice toward, and/or discrimination against the elderly.
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agnostic
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a person who claims that the dose not know or cannot know if God exists.
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atheist
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a person who claims that there is no God.
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Buddhism
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a religion that follows the teachings of Buddha.
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Christianity
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a religion that follow the teachings of Jesus Christ.
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cultural diversity
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the variety people living and working together in the world.
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developmental disability
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a chronic condition that restricts physical or mental abilities.
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health
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state of physical, mental and social well-being.
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Hinduism
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a religion that believes in the unity of everything and that all are a part of God.
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Islam
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a religion that follows the prophet Muhammad and the Five Pillars of Islam.
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Judaism
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a religion that follows the teachings of God as given to Moses in laws and commandments.
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mores
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the accepted traditional customs of a particular social group.
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need
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something necessary or required.
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psychosocial needs
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needs which involve social interaction, emotion, intellect, and spirituality.
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puberty
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the period when a person develop secondary sex characteristics.
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religion
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set of beliefs and practices followed by a group of people.
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spirituality
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of or relating to the concerns of the spirit, the sacred, or the soul.
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stereotype
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a biased generalization about a group that is usually based on opinions and distorted ideas.
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antimicrobial
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an agent that destroys or resists pathogens.
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autoclave
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machine creating steam or a type of gas that kills microorganisms.
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biohazard
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hard, leakproof containers into which sharp objects and items contaminated with infectious material are placed.
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bloodborne pathogens
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microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans.
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body fluids
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tears, saliva, sputum (mucus coughed up), urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions, and pus or other wound drainage.
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carrier
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person who carries a pathogen without signs of symptoms of an illness or disease and who can spread the disease.
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catheter
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tube inserted through the skin or into a body opening; used to add or drain fluid.
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
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federal government agency responsible for improving the overall health and safety of the people of the United States.
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clean
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a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens.
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clean technique
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process of removing pathogens; also called medical asepsis.
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communicable disease
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disease disease transmitted when a pathogen is spread from one person to another.
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contagious disease
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a communicable disease that is spread easily form person to person.
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C. difficile (C. diff, clostridium difficile)
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a bacterial illness that can cause diarrhea and colitis; spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill.
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