APUSH Chapter 30 terms. – Flashcards

Conservatism was a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion. POLITICAL.

Religious Fundamentalism was a religious movement whose objectives were to return to the foundations of the faith and to influence state policy where evey word of the bible is interpretted literally. CULTURAL.

PACs were created by the 1974 campaign finance reforms. A corporation, union, or some other interest group can create a PAC and register it with the Federal Election Commission (FEC), which will meticulously monitor the PAC's expenditures. POLITICAL.

Roe vs. Wade legalized abortion in 1973. This sparked the right to life movement that joined together Catholics and fundamentalist Protestants, who believed that human life began at the moment of conception. CULTURAL.

The assertion that affirmative action programs that require preferential treatment for minorities discriminate against those who have no minority status. CULTURAL.

A 1978 Supreme Court Decision holding that a state university could not admit less qualified individuals solely because of their race. CULTURAL.

The idea that by supplying workers with jobs to make products, you give them pay to buy products which gives more money to more people. ECONOMIC.

Ronald Reagan's description of Soviet Union because of his fierce anti-communist views and the USSR's history of violation of human rights and aggression. CULTURAL.

Reagan's administration's plan announced in 1983 to create a missile-defense system over American territory to block a nuclear attack. Derided as "Star Wars" by critics, the plan typified Reagan's commitment to vigorous defense spending even as he sought to limit the size of government in domestic matters. DIPLOMATIC.

Former dictators of Nicaragua were known as Sandinistas. The Irancontra affair was an issue involving Iran, Iraq, Reagan, and North. North sold weapons to Iranians and Iraqis, but they did it secretly. The money was used to pay the Contras to start a coup. When the secret was uncovered North was fired and Reagan claimed to have no idea what was happening. DIPLOMATIC.

A political group that claimed to represent all Palestinians and to be working toward gaining an independent Palestinian nation. POLITICAL.

Mikhail Gorbachev was a reformist who became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985. He introduced two major reforms: Glasnost and Perestroika. Glasnost, or openness, to end political repression and improve political freedom for Soviet citizens. In 1987, Gorbachev and Reagan decided to destroy all intermediate-range missiles. He also put diplomatic pressure on Iran and Iraq to end their war. POLITICAL.

A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society. ECONOMIC.

Boris Yeltsin was the first leader of the Russian Republic. His pro-democracy reaction when Gorbachev's push for reform was held off by the Communist establishment was a rallying point for Russian democratic supporters. POLITICAL.

In 1989, Bush sent U.S. troops to Panama to take leader Manuel Noriega from power in order to stop him from using his country as a drug pipeline to the U.S. This was significant because, ever since the start of the Cold War in the 1940's, U.S. foreign involvement was largely tied to the containment of Communism. DIPLOMATIC.

A 1991 war in which the United States and its UN allies drove invading Iraqi forces out of neighboring Kuwait. POLITICAL.

Operation Desert Storm was the code name given to the first U.S.-led war against Iraq in the Persian Gulf on January 17, 1991. DIPLOMATIC.

A law passed in 1990 that requires employers and public facilities to make "reasonable accommodations" for people with disabilities and prohibits discrimination against these individuals in employment. CULTURAL.

Created to allow the free movement of goods between Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. by lessening and eliminating tariffs. DIPLOMATIC.

Bombing of Murrah Federal Building. The blast, set off by Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, killed 168 people, including 19 children in the building's day-care center. POLITICAL.

Result of a political sex scandal emerging from a sexual relationship between United States President Bill Clinton and a 22-year-old White House intern, Monica Lewinsky. POLITICAL.

The trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world. DIPLOMATIC.

An international agency which encourages trade between member nations, administers global trade agreements and resolves disputes when they arise. DIPLOMATIC & ECONOMIC.

A unified market of 15 nations, 12 of which adopted the single currency of the euro in 2002. DIPLOMATIC & ECONOMIC.

The court ruled that manual recounts of presidential ballots in the November 2000 election could not proceed because inconsistent evaluation statdards in different counties violated the equal protection clause. POLITICAL.

The act aimed to improve student performance and close the gap between well-to-do and poor students in the public schools through nationwide testing of all students, student transfer rights to better public school, improved reading programs, and training of high-quality teachers. CULTURAL.

Initiated by George W. Bush after 9/11 to weed out terrorist operatives throughout the world, using diplomacy, military means, improved homeland security, stricter banking laws, and other means. DIPLOMATIC.

Terrorist attacks on the united states that killed thousands of people at the twin towers and the pentagon. DIPLOMATIC.

An extremist group that was bred by the economic difficulties and political turmoil in the Middle East ("the base") that preached Jihad, or holy war, against "jews and crusaders". POLITICAL.

The soviet army entered afghanistan in 1978. they started fighting the soviets. the us provided training and weapons to anti-Soviet forces. they defeated soviets, leading to the rise of the taliban who provided a safe heaven for al queda and attack of 9/11. DIPLOMATIC.

A group of nations accused by the Bush administration of sponsoring terrorism and threatening to develop weapons of mass destruction. DIPLOMATIC.

War between Iraq and Iran that was started in September of 1980 by Saddam Hussein when he decided to invade the country. The primary goal was to seize control over Iran's oil facilities. DIPLOMATIC.

In 2002, George W. Bush approved this plan to go into Iraq, search for WMDs, remove Saddam Hussein from power, promote democracy in Iraq, and cut ties with terrorists; The US is still there. DIPLOMATIC.