Chapter 50 Care of Surgical Patients Key Terms – Flashcards

Outpatient surgery, short-stay surgery, or same-day surgery. Centers providing these services are hospital-based or freestanding surgical centers.

Provides valuable guidelines for perioperative management and evaluation of process and outcomes.

aspan.org

Is the driving force for the practice of perioperative nursing and has developed standards of nursing practice that outline the scope of responsibility of the perioperative nurse. It was the first nursing organization to develop structure, process and outcome standards as defined by the American Nurses Association.

Collapse of alevoli, preventing the normal respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Obese

Gallbladder removal. Involves a larger abdominal incision with a hospitalization of 1 to 3 days and up to a 4-week recovery period.

Assistant to the scrub nurse and surgeon whose role is to provide necessary supplies; dispose of soiled instruments and supplies, and keep an accurate count of instruments, needles, and sponges used

Administration of central nervous system - depressant drugs and/or analgesics to provide anesthesia, relieve anxiety, and/or provide amnesia during surgical, diagnostic or interventional procedures

Intravenous or inhaled medications that cause the patient to lose all sensation and consciousness

Elastic stockings or IPC stockings intraoperatively, especially for long cases, or after surgery.

Process of obtaining permission from a patient to perform a specific test or procedure after describing all risks, side effects, and benefits

Involves the use of minimally invasive techniques with small incisions and cameras or scopes for performance of the surgery as opposed to a large incision required for an open surgery. Involves only a few hours to a 24-hour hour hospital stay and a recovery period of a week.

Loss of sensation at the desired site of action

Autosomal-dominant trait characterized by often fatal hyperthermia in affected people exposed to certain anesthetic agents

Patient who is not expected to survive without the operation.

A syndrome of periodic, partial, or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. Patients have an increased incidence of postoperative complications, the most frequent being oxygen desaturation.

Usually temporary paralysis of intestinal wall that may occur after abdominal surgery or peritoneal injury and that causes cessation of peristalsis; leads to abdominal distention and symptoms of obstruction

Refers to the role of the operating room nurse during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of surgery

Also known as the Aldrete score, is an objective scoring system that helps identify when patients are ready for discharge and is the most widely used scoring tool. The criteria are assessed on admission; at 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes; and on discharge from the PACU. The patient must receive a composite score of 8 to 10 before discharge from the PACU. If the patient's condition is still poor after 2 to 3 hours, the stay lengthens, or the surgeon transfers the patient to an intensive care unit.

Using the PARS, a score of 8 to 10 determines disscharge from the PACU. After patients stabilize and no longer require close monitoring, transfer them to phase II recovery. Phase II recovery consists of a room equipped with medical recliner chairs, side tables, and foot rests. The phase II environment promotes the patient's and family's comfort and well-being until discharge. In phase II recovery initiate postoperative teaching with patients and family members. Patients are discharged to home following ambulatory surgery when they meet the criteria. The patient must achieve a score of 18 or higher before being discharged. An exception is allowed if the patient is unable to walk or use extremities before surgery.

Loss of sensation in an area of the body supplied by sensory nerve pathways

Registered nurse or operating room technician who assists surgeons during operations

Area adjoining the operating room to which surgical patients are taken while still under anesthesia

Area outside the operating room where peroperative preparations are completed

Instruction regarding a patient's anticipated surgery and recovery that is given before surgery. Instruction includes, but is not limited to, dietary and activity restrictions, anticipated assessment activities, postoperative procedures, and pain-relief measures

Area outside the operating room where preoperative prepartions are completed.