Theories: Cognitive (Behavior) Therapy- aaron beck and donald meichenbaum – Flashcards
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Who was this: - childhood fears were handled with reasoning and that likely motivated his work with cognitive therapy focusing on anxiety and depression - studied psychiatry and was trained as a psychoanalyst - his research led him to formulate cog therapy the focus of his career
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aaron beck
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according to beck's foundational concepts beck contended that various mental disorders have particular cog patterns and that the most effective and lasting therapy involves ________ into those patterns
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intervention
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true or false: according to beck's foundational concepts people are not passive victims of their inborn tendencies
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true
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according to beck's foundational concepts people are actively creating and moving toward their ______that are vital to them
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goals
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according to beck's foundational concepts ______ occurs when people experience a threat to their interests
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distress
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according to beck's foundational concepts the more crucial a person considers the goal to be, the greater the _____________
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response
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theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy:cognitive activity impacts ______
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behavior
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theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy: cognitive activity can be monitored and ____________
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changed
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theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy: a desired change in behavior can be accomplished through changing ______________
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cognitions
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theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy: people's internal communication is accessible to ______________
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introspection
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theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy: client's beliefs have highly __________ meanings
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personal
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theoretical assumptions of cognitive therapy: these personal meanings can be discovered by the _____ rather than being taught or interpreted by the therapist
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client
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1. based on cog model of emotional disorders 2. brief and time-limited 3. based on a sound therapeutic relationship 4. collaborative effort between client and counselor 5. uses the Socratic method 6. structured and directive 7. problem oriented 8. based on an educational method 9. relies on inductive model 10. uses homework as a central feature
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beck's 10 principles of cog therapy
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an idea that seems to pop up in your mind. mediate between a situation and an emotion
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automatic thoughts
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reflect extreme and absolute rules and attitudes that shape automatic thoughts
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intermediate beliefs
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fundamental beliefs about ourselves that help us make sense of the world, underline most automatic thoughts and are reflected in our intermediate beliefs
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core beliefs
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meaning making structures of cognition that often account for categories of information and the relationships among them; mental filters that supply us with rules about behavior and emotions
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schemas
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is an irrational and pessimistic view of the three key elements of a person's belief system present in depression. (includes thoughts, emotions and behaviors)
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beck's cognitive triad
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what is the goal for cognitive therapy
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to assist clients to recognize and correct info processing errors through identification of immediate and underlying thoughts and beliefs
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in Cog therapy: the counselor guides the client toward _________ and skill development;
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personal discovery
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in Cog therapy: the counselor helps the client understand how beliefs and attitudes interact with emotions and ________;
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behavior
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in Cog therapy: the counselor acts as a __________promoting corrective experiences, leading to cog change and building skills
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catalyst
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in cog therapy there is the use of ____ questioning rather than disputing
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socratic
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cog therapy views problematic thinking more as _________than irrational
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dysfunctional
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cog therapy assists client in identifying and confronting rules they live by that might be too absolute, broad, or ___________
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extreme
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__________ convert incoming info to keep cognitive schema intact
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distortions
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distortions use the assimilation process to maintain __________-
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homeostasis
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the person thinks in terms of two opposite categories
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all or nothing thinking
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person says positives do not count
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disqualifying the positive
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a sweeping negative conclusion that goes beyond facts
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overgeneralization
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expecting disastrous event without considering other possibilities
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catastrophizing
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seeing an entire situation based on one detail with all else ignored
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mental filtering (selective abstractions)
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making a quick or hasty conclusions based on limited info
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jumping to conclusions (arbitrary inferences)
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making too much of the negative or too little of the positive info
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magnificaiton/minimizing
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believing something is true based on a feeling
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emotional reasoning
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definite and inflexible rules about how slef and others ought to be and behave
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should and must
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applying sweeping and unjustified labels to someone
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labeling and mislabeling
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inordinate responsibility for events or others' behaviors
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personalization
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attributing negative thoughts and reactions to others without confronting them
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mind reading (selective abstraction)
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focusing only on negative of situation
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tunnel vision
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- build an agenda that has meaning for the client - ascertain and measure the intensity of the person's mood - identify and review presenting problems - ask about the client's expectation for counseling - teach the person about cog therapy and the clients role in it - give info about the person's difficulties and diagnosis - establish goals - recommend homework - summarize - obtain the client's feedback
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example of session outline
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can be internal and external and is at the heart of the way that a person functions
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self talk
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the goal of_____________________ is cog restructuring/modifying self talk and cope more effectively which is a process that includes self observation, starting a new internal dialogue, and learning new skills
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donald meichenbaum's CBT
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trains clients to modify the instructions they give themselves so that they can cope/ emphasis is on acquiring practical coping skills
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self instructional training
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a 3 phase model: -the conceptual phase - skills acquisition and rehearsal phase (self talk, practice tests, visualization, relaxation training, deep breathing) - application and follow through phase
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stress inoculation training
