question

a speech sound analysis that compares what the child is producing to the adult form of the phoneme is called

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relational analysis

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speech screenings that do not have a set pass/fail criteria and are typically developed by the clinician are called

answer

informal speech screening

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contextual testing allows clinicians to examine how ____ affects phoneme production

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coarticulaiton

question

a child who produces /t/ for /s, (th's), (sh's)/ may be producing a phonological:

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patterns

question

when assessing the phonological systems of young infants and toddlers, clinicians should:

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conduct independent phonological analyses

question

a comprehensive phonological evaluation assesses areas beyond phonology such as language, hearing, oral mechanism, and what other two areas?

answer

voice and fluency

question

an audiological screening can be completed in two ways:

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pure tone screening and impedance screening

question

by the age of 24 months, children should have approximately _____ words and be able to ______

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50, combine two words into phrases

question

the most accurate way to capture a child's phoneme productions during testing is

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narrow transcription

question

during an oral mechanism exam, it is important to assess the ____ and ______ of all articulators

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structure and function

question

a child's ability to be understood in conversational speech is referred to as

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intelligibility

question

_____ refers to the degree or significance of a phonological impairment

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severity

question

a child produces the word "ski" like "key", this is an example of

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cluster reduction

question

a child produces the word "swing" like "sawing", this is an example of

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epenthesis

question

which of the following is the best example of a child who would be eligible for speech therapy services (based only on phonological analysis)

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a 9-year-old with a persistent /r/ error

question

if a child is able to correctly produce a sound in certain contexts but not in others, this indicates that the sound is

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inconsistent

question

if an 8-year-old child is misarticulating the /s,r/ phonemes, clinicians should choose to

answer

target both

question

a dialectical difference is

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a phonological difference and not usually appropriate for therapy

question

computer assisted phonological analysis can be described as

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time-saving, but not a replacement for clinical judgement

question

most children receive language screening at the start of formal school (kindergarten). (state specific standards my affect this answer)

answer

true

question

a phonological context that improves the production of a phoneme is called facilitative

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true

question

if a parent reports that a child is able to hear normally, a hearing screening is not necessary

answer

false

question

speech perception testing should be done on all individuals with a speech sound disorder

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false

question

narrow transcription should be used for all phonological assessments

answer

false

question

conversational speech samples alone are sufficient to determine whether or not a child needs speech therapy services

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false

question

teachers and peers have been shown to show different expectations/feelings towards individuals with speech sound disorders

answer

true

question

contextual testing allows clinicians to examine any phonological or morphological environments in which the child might have to produce the target phoneme

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true

question

connected speech sample is a crucial part of the phonological assessment

answer

true

question

if a child says "da" for "dog", that is an example of final consonant deletion

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true

question

a child between the ages of 2.5 and 3 years who is unintelligible is typically recommended for services

answer

true

question

computer-assisted phonological analysis programs are time-consuming and not helpful

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false

question

children over 9 year old with speech sound errors are said to have persistent errors

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true

question

working on earlier developing speech sounds will result in system wide phonological range

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false

question

individuals with a dialectal variation should never be considered for phonological therapy, unless the individual elects to pursue accent modification

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true

question

if a child has multiple sounds in error, clinicians should examine the speech sample for patterns

answer

true

question

phonemes that are frequently occurring within the language will not affect intelligibility

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false

question

A common organizational sequence for therapy is (in the correct order):

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Antecedent event, response, consequent event

question

Working on one-two phonemes at a time until mastery is achieved is an example of which goal attack strategy:

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vertical

question

According to our textbook, for children with multiple phoneme errors, the preferred goal attack strategy is:

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horizontal

question

A list of words that contain a child's target speech sound but are never directly targeted in therapy is called a:

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generalization probe

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When a child generalizes speech sound production skills from the syllable level to the word level, that is called:

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Across-linguistic unit generalization

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When a child generalizes the correct production of the /s/ sound with an auditory model to correct production of the /s/ sound with a picture cue, that is called:

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Response generalization

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System-wide change is said to occur best when clinicians target the following kinds of sounds:

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non- Stimulable and later developing

question

Across-situational generalization should be facilitated as soon as:

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The client is ready to be dismissed***

question

Meaningfulness of materials, the degree to which information has been learned, distribution of therapy, and _____________ are four important factors that will affect the rate of retention.

answer

motivation

question

Johnny used to exhibit the phonological pattern of stopping for all fricatives and affricates. Johnny's SLP has been working on /s/ in treatment. Johnny now produces /s/ for all fricatives. This is an example of:

answer

fricitivazation***

question

A child's ability to manipulate phonemes is an example of:

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Deep levels of phonological awareness

question

The ability to segment a multi-syllablic word into is respective syllables is an example of:

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syllable-awareness

question

Awareness of rhyme tends to develop around the time that children can:

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use oral language productively

question

The words "cape" and "cane" are examples that can be used to test what phonological awareness skill?

answer

alliteration

question

The alphabetic principle refers to the systematic relationships that exist between:

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Graphemes and phonemes

question

Phonological awareness assessments can be used to establish phonological awareness skills, determine contributing factors to reading difficulties, and:

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Monitor progress of phonological awareness intervention

question

Norm-referenced phonological awareness assessments may not take into account a child's speech sound disorder, therefore it's helpful to assess phonological awareness using:

answer

Receptive and expressive measures****

question

Criterion referenced assessments, compared to norm-referenced assessments, are more:

answer

comprehensive***

question

Dynamic assessments allow for multiple levels of:

answer

prompting

question

Intervention for phonological awareness for children with SSD should encompass three main areas in order to achieve reading success:

answer

Speech sound production, phonological awareness, letter knowledge

question

The horizontal approach is a goal attack strategy in which multiple phonemes are targeted within each treatment session.

answer

true

question

When a child is receiving treatment for a speech sound disorder, any change observed must be the result of the that treatment only.

answer

false

question

Generalization probes should include all words targeted in treatment.

answer

false

question

Across word position generalization happens when a child can produce the /f/ sound in the initial position and then, without direct treatment, can produce the /f/ sound in the final position.

answer

true

question

Generalization is proof that important changes are happening in treatment.

answer

true

question

All parents are always good generalization partners.

answer

false

question

Teaching a feature in one sound may result in generalization of that feature to another sound.

answer

true

question

All children who are dismissed from speech sound intervention have achieved mastery and retention of the skills.

answer

false

question

Children with multiple speech sound errors will have different treatment goals and generalization expectations compared to children with single speech sound errors.

answer

true

question

There are clearly delineated dismissal criteria for SLPs to use with all clients who have speech sound errors.

answer

false

question

An alliteration activity that requires children to pay attention to the initial phoneme in the word, produce the initial phoneme in the word correctly, and identify the letter that corresponds to the phoneme is a good example of phonological awareness treatment for children with SSD.

answer

true

question

Children with speech sound disorders and comorbid language impairments are at higher risk for literacy difficulties than children with isolated speech sound disorders.

answer

true

question

Collaboration between SLP and classroom teachers usually causes confusion regarding the best way to foster children's phonological awareness abilities.

answer

false

question

Working on phonological awareness is helpful for reading skills. If an SLP works on speech sound production alone, this will improve phonological awareness skills.

answer

false

question

Speech language pathologists can collaborate with teachers and reading specialists to formulate small group phonological awareness activities.

answer

true

question

Preschool aged children should be taught phonological awareness to a mastery level.

answer

false

question

Phonological awareness should be targeted in preschool only.

answer

false

question

Phonological awareness intervention is always best delivered in small group settings.

answer

false

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