Orthopedic Assessments – Massage Therapy – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Describe muscle pain
answer
usually hard to localize, dull, aching, aggravated by movement or by lack there of, may refer pain to other areas - when a muscle contracts or stretches the pain could increase
question
what is the normal blood temperature of an adult?
answer
110-130 over 80-90
question
what is Spurlings test testing for?
answer
nerve compression through the cervical foramen
question
how is the test Finkelsteins test done?
answer
Therapist will ask the client to make a fist with their hand, thumb is tucked into that fist, and then ulnar deviate their hand.
question
Pain at 35-70 degrees in the straight leg raise indicates what?
answer
Major shooting pain indicates compression of sciatic nerve Minor pain indicates SI injury or dural injury
question
what does pain when sitting usually indicate?
answer
disc herniation or impingement
question
what does pain when standing usually indicate?
answer
facet irritation
question
what are the 3 basic types of pain that a client can get when doing Patricks/Fabers test"? and what do they indicate
answer
1. Pain in Groin area - adductors or psoas is tight 2. Pain in the SI area - SI fixation 3. Pain in the socket - socket pathology (arthritis)
question
what is Clarkes test and whats a positive sign?
answer
therapist will hold clients leg just superior to their patella and ask the client to contract their quads - positive sign is grinding noise/feeling or pain and is unable to hold a contraction
question
how do you conduct the Vasstus Medialis Coordination Test and is a positive sign/meaning of the positive sign
answer
Client will be laying supine, the therapist will place a fist under the popliteal area, and then gets the client to slowly extend their knee - positive sign is not being able to extend the knee fully/having trouble doing it, or tries to use the hip flexors to lift the knee
question
what does the posterior and anterior draw tests of the ankle test for?
answer
strain on the ligaments of the ankle
question
what is Allen Test (of the wrist) testing for?
answer
a vascular problem or nerve damage
question
what are the 3 steps in spurlings test?
answer
1. compression with head in neutral 2. compression with head in extension 3. compression with head in extension and rotation to unaffected side
question
how do you do the shoulder depression test and what does a positive sign indicate?
answer
the therapist will stabilize the clients head in lateral flexion with one hand and depress their shoulder with the other hand - positive sign (pain down arms) indicates a lesion in the brachial plexus
question
which nerve roots does Bakody's sign test?
answer
C4-C5
question
what are the 2 stages of Lhermitte's sign?
answer
1. client sits on massage table with legs up and straight out in front of them on the table, therapist gets client to look down towards the table 2. if there was no pain, this step the therapist with slightly lift up the clients leg and apply some pressure on the clients head
question
how do you do a posterior SI Gapping test?
answer
client will be laying prone and therapist will stabilize low back and sacrum with one hand and with the other hand cranking leg outward
question
is the femoral shear test for the hip or for the SI joint?
answer
SI joint
question
what is the positive for the femoral shear test, and what does that mean?
answer
pain in hip, or pain in the SI joint indicates stress on that ligament
question
what is the anterior draw test of the knee testing for?
answer
partial or complete tearing of the Anterior Collateral Ligament
question
what does a positive sign indicate for the Apley's distraction test?
answer
increase in pain may indicated problems with ligaments of the knee, relief may indicate meniscal problems - any clicking or popping is usually meniscal
question
"Bounce Home" test is used when suspecting what kind of pain?
answer
Capsular pain in the knee
question
if someone has a C wobble when they open their jaw, what does that usually indicate?
answer
a capsular problems
question
what is the Chvosteck test, and what is it testing?
answer
testing the facial nerve, abnormal firing of the nerve - the therapist will tap on facial structures and watching for abnormal twitching
question
what is the "Functional Ability Test" (for the hand)
answer
1. standard fist 2. hook grasp fist 3. straight fist 4. pads of fingers to pad on thumb 5. tips to tips
question
what are 3 tests for carpal tunnel?
answer
1. Phalens 2. Reveres Phalens 3. Carpal Compression Test
question
Froment's sign, what does it test for and how do you do it?
answer
testing for median nerve damage or trigger point - the therapist will ask the client to hold paper or an object therapist will try and pull it wawy
question
for Tinnels (between the tendon) in the foot, where would tingling be?
answer
between the first and second toe
question
where would tingling occur when tapping behind the medial malleolus ?
answer
top of the foot
question
how do you do the THOMAS test and what is a positive sign?
answer
client will be laying supine on the table, and will bring one knee up to their chest while the other is flat and straight on the table - positive sign is the straight leg will bend, indicating a shortened/contractured psoas
question
what is the Noble Compression Test testing for?
answer
IT band contracture
question
how do you do the Noble Compression Test?
answer
the client will be laying supine with one knee bent on the table, the therapist will find the distal attachment of the IT Band and compress
question
How is the Piriformis Test done?
answer
client will be laying side lying on the table, one leg will be laying over the edge of the table, the therapist will stabilize the hip with one hand and with the other hand will push the leg (thats bent off the edge of the table) towards the ground
question
what muscle is Ely's test, testing
answer
Rectus Femoris
question
what is the T1 Nerve Stretch and whats a positive sign?
answer
1. client will stand or sit with arms flexed at 90 degrees at the elbow and abducted to 90 degrees (pain might be in the 4th and 5th digits)and will hold for 30 secs 2. client will then bring hands up and behind his head a positive sign will be pain in the scapular region
question
what does pain in the 0-35 degree range indicate in the SLR?
answer
Shooting pain will indicate bulging disc Tingling or Burning indicates compressed sciatic nerves
question
what is Brudzinski-Kerning Test?
answer
client will be laying supine on the table, everything flat, and then he will lift his head as if to look at his toes. - a positive sign will be if the client lifts his knee as hes looking at his toes - indicating pinching of the sciatic nerve
question
explain Kemps/Quadrants
answer
Client will side bend and flex trying to touch the front of their knee, and then do the same thing to the other side (pain with this is usually indicating facet joint irritation) if no pain then client will laterally flex and extend trying to touch the back of their knee ((pain with this usually indicates A DISC HERNIATION/ BULDGE)
question
how do you do Homan's Sign?
answer
1. therapist will dorsiflex foot (pain would be between the head of gastrocs) 2. therapist would squeeze gastrocs and feel between the head, may feel a mass (pain would still be between the head of gastrocs)
question
what is the ThomPson's test for the lower leg?
answer
therapist will squeeze gastrocs and see if the client plantar flexes, if they don't then they hurt the achillies tendon
question
True or False: the dorsiflexion maneuver can be used to test for shin splints
answer
True! pain in the shin usually indicates damage to the interousseus membrane (shin splints)
question
what is the elbow flexion test?
answer
therapist will ask client to stand with elbows bent and hands out to the side (indian goddess) - positive sign is numbness and tingling on the ulnar border of the arm mainly the 4th and 5th digits (compression of ulnar nerve in cubidal tunnel)
question
explain the posterolateral Rotary Apprehension test?
answer
almost like a pec minor stretch, therapist will hold right above on the clients elbow and pull upward while holding their wrist with the other hand and pushing that towards the table
question
what are the 3 tests for "tennis elbow" (common extensor tendon) and how do you do them
answer
1. Cozen's - therapist will stabilize clients bent elbow with a thumb on the extensor tendon, at the same time resisting wrist extension of the client 2. Mill's - stabilizing the elbow, thumb on the extensor tendons, and therapist will passively flex clients wrist 3. Tennis Elbow Test - client will have a straight arm an fingers will be out, therapist will be trying to push down the clients middle finger
question
what are the painful regions in the painful arch?
answer
45-120 degrees and 170-180 degrees
question
how is sulcus sign done and what does it mean?
answer
client is standing, therapist holds their arm just above the elbow and pulls down, you are most likely to feel popping or see the acromion is much more visible which in the shoulder - this indicates laxity in the GH joint
question
what test is used to test for a tear or instability of the transverse ligament of the long head of biceps?
answer
Yergason's Test
question
if Supraspinatus is torn, what will the client do use to try and lift their arm?
answer
their whole body
question
how do you do Neers impingement Test
answer
- clients arm is fully abducted to the side of their head, their thumb is started by facing towards the their back and then is turned to face the front.
question
how do you do the Drop Arm test and what is a positive sign?
answer
the therapist will lift clients arm and ask them to hold it and then slowly drop it to his side - positive sign is the client is unable to slowly and smoothly drop their arm to the side or their arm just drops - indicating weakness/tear of supraspinatus
question
if your client shows a positive serratus anterior test - it may be due to weakness of C8/T1 impingement what other tests could you do to confirm that?
answer
C8 T1 myotomes!
question
Wrights test? how do you do it and what is it testing for?
answer
client will be seated, therapist will find the radial pulse, and lift arm above the head to see if the pulse fades or is not felt at all - indicating compressions of artery in the costoclavicular space
question
what is Adson's Test checking for?
answer
checking for compression of artery in the scalene region
question
how is Adson's test done?
answer
client is seated, therapist will find the radial pulse and abduct and extend clients arm about 30 degrees out to the side and the clients head will be facing towards the therapist
question
which is known as the modified Wrights Maneuver?
answer
Allen test
question
what is Ely's test checking for?
answer
rectus femoris contracture
question
what test can you do to confirm a Thomas test?
answer
Kendall Test
question
what is the anterior labral tear test?
answer
client is laying supine on the table, therapist will flex the knee at 90 degrees and lift the ankle and twist the knee internally and externally looking for clicking indicating pathology of the hip
