Cancer quiz #1 – Flashcards
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Cancer
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Unrestrained cell growth
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Mitosis
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Cell division resulting in two identical daughter cells
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Metaplasia
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Replacement of a specialized cell with a less specialized cell. (Fibroblast). Fibroblast migrate into cut area and fill it. Scab is pushed off by upward movement of fibroblast and it actually raises above the skin.
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Where can scarring not happen
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Nervous system
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Hyperplasia
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A growth of cells due to a specific physiological need. If you do not need it, it does not happen.
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Angiogenesis
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The growth of capillaries (often due to bypass occlusion). It increases the capillary network to the tissue
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Bacterial infection
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The bump up of the number of white blood cells. Ex) 5,000-10,000 wbc per 1 ml of blood. You contract strep throat and 17,000-30,000 WBC are in the same amount of blood
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Endometrial profilerstion
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Periods. Endometrial is the lining of the uterus
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Proto oncogenes
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Mitosis in any given cell is controlled by these.
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Oncogenes
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A gene with DNA sequence that can cause cancer ( a proto oncogene gone wrong)
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Oncology
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The study of tumors
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Oncologist
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Physician specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors
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When is is appropriate for (mitosis)
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Rachel gave rocky many hickies. Repair, growth, replacement, metaplasia, hyperplasia
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Neoplasia
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Inappropriate cell mitosis. Not part of body's plan
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Benign
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"Innocent" and not usually dangerous to health. Not progressive.
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Why can benign be problematic
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In many areas of the body there is nowhere for the mass to grow ex) spinal cord, brain
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Tumor
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A solid mass of cells that may be benign or malignant
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Characteristic of benign tumor
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Tumor DOES not spread, usually encapsulated, appears neat and organized, cell looks normal, do not usually become cancerous, can be problematic if they put pressure on organs and vessels, treatment: surgery, they don't usually grow back
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Cyst
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A fluid filled mass surrounded by a fibrous capsule. All of them are benign. Very common and found all over. May grow to unsual sizes if not removed
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Polyp
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Abnormal growth of tissues projecting from a mucus membrane. Mushroomed shape. Can be cancerous if it is in an area that irritates the tissue.
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Where are polyps most often found
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Colon, stomach, nose, sinuses, bladder and uterus
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Biopsy
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Sample is taken and determined if the tissue is cancerous
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What are polyps made of
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Epithelial cells
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Malignant tumor
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They do grow aggressively, invade cells found in surrounding tissue, and metastasize (spread to different areas)
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Carcinoma tumir
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Any malignant tumor thay comes from epithelial cells. It originates in the covering of any organ and over 90% of malignant tumors are this type
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Saracoma tumor
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Malignant tumors that originate in the muscle, nerve, or connective tissue. 10% of malignant tumors
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Diffuse
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Found all over the body, inoperable, use of chemotherapy is most effective treatment for leukemia and lymphoma.
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Leukemia
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Cancer of blood or bone marrow. Usually an overproduction of wbc
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Lymphoma
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A type of cancer that originates in the lymphocytes
