question

Which of the following data can help the nurse determine the severity of a patient's urinary tract obstruction?

answer

Duration of the blockage

question

A patient has a dilated ureter from an obstructed upper urinary tract. Which term will the nurse use to describe this condition?

answer

hydroureter

question

A patient had both kidneys obstructed but is now unobstructed and urinating large amounts of urine. What term should the nurse use to describe this process?

answer

Postobstructive diuresis

question

A patient has a loss of urine when laughing or sneezing. Which type of incontinence does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

answer

stress

question

A nurse is describing the following conditions: detrusor hyperreflexia, vescicosphincter dyssynergia, and detrusor areflexia/acontractile. Which type of urinary disorder is the nurse discussing?

answer

Neurogenic bladder

question

A patient has an obstruction of urine flow in the lower urinary tract. After the patient voids what equipment should the nurse have ready?

answer

Urinary catheterization kit

question

A patient has renal cell carcinoma that is confined to the kidney capsule. What stage is the patients cancer?

answer

I

question

A patient has bladder cancer. Which assessment finding is most typical for this patient?

answer

Painless hematuria

question

Which patient is most prone to cystitis?

answer

Diabetic woman with an indwelling catheter

question

A patient has pyelonephritis from chronic backup of urine into the ureters and kidneys. Which predisposing factor does this patient have for pyelonephritis?

answer

Vesicoureteral reflux

question

A patient with glomerulonephritis has nephritic type sediment. What will the nurse observe in the urine?

answer

Hematuria with red cell casts

question

A nurse is asked why hyperlipidemia occurs in nephrotic syndrome. What is the nurse's best response?

answer

Loss of albumin stimulates lipoprotein synthesis by the liver and hyperlipidemia

question

What type of diet will the nurse encourage for a patient with nephrotic syndrome?

answer

salt restricted

question

Which of the following concepts should the nurse include when describing the pathophysiology for chronic renal disease?

answer

Glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial inflammation, and proteinuria

question

A patient has acute kidney injury. Which principle should the nurse use to guide nursing care?

answer

Carefully monitor fluid and electrolyte balance

question

A patient with cystitis has dysuria. Which of the following assessment findings are consistent with dysuria?

answer

painful urination

question

Which principle should the nurse use to guide nursing care for a patient with an upper urinary tract obstruction? A consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction is:

answer

hydronephrosis

question

The nurse recalls a major modifiable risk factor for the development of renal calculi in the general population is:

answer

dehydration

question

A urologist is describing a procedure that uses ultrasound waves to break large renal calculi into smaller stones that can be passed through the urinary tract. Which procedure is the urologist discussing?

answer

lithotripsy

question

Which of the following terms will the nurse use to describe bladder dysfunction caused by a neurological disorder?

answer

neurogenic bladder

question

A patient has a sudden and strong desire to urinate that is associated with involuntary contractions of the detrusor. Which type of incontinence is this patient experiencing?

answer

urge

question

Which patient is most at risk for developing bladder cancer? A patient who:

answer

smokes

question

Which patient is most prone to the development of pyelonephritis? A patient with:

answer

urinary reflux

question

Which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding of urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis? A symptom that manifests with both urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis is:

answer

painful urination

question

While the nurse is reviewing lab results, what would the urinalysis show in a patient who is developing glomerular disease?

answer

proteinuria

question

Which lab finding will alert the nurse that the patient is experiencing nephrotic syndrome? Extreme loss of _____ in the urine.

answer

protein

question

A nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the renal function is impaired to 25% of normal functioning. Which term will the nurse use to describe this condition?

answer

renal insufficiency

question

If a patient has acute renal failure or acute kidney injury, which primary assessment finding will the nurse observe initially?

answer

oliguria

question

A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of chronic renal failure or chronic kidney disease. Which substance should the nurse discuss?

answer

angiotensin II

question

A patient has chronic renal failure or chronic kidney disease. Which of the following dietary nutrients should be restricted in this patient's diet?

answer

protein

question

Which of the following complications associated with renal failure should cause the nurse to notify the primary care provider for immediate dialysis?

answer

hyperkalemia

question

Which of the following indicates the nurse needs more instruction regarding chronic renal failure? A cause of chronic renal failure is:

answer

angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

question

A patient has uremic frost. Which area is most important for the nurse to assess?

answer

skin

question

A patient has prerenal acute renal failure/acute kidney injury. What does the nurse suspect caused this condition?

answer

hypovolemia

question

A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of obstruction of the lower urinary tract. Which information should the nurse include? Obstruction of the lower urinary tract in males is often caused by:

answer

prostate enlargement

question

If a patient's right kidney becomes blocked/obstructed, what will the nurse suspect will happen in the patient's left kidney?

answer

obligatory and compensatory growth

question

A nurse recalls the main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is:

answer

renal colic

question

Which of the following patients is most at risk for the development of renal cell carcinoma?

answer

a male obese patient

question

While the nurse is reviewing lab results, the nurse observes a patient has developed a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which microorganism did the nurse most likely observe on the report?

answer

Escherichia coli

question

A patient has a suspected urinary tract infection. Which lab is most important for the nurse to obtain?

answer

urine culture

question

A nurse is describing a glomerular disorder. Which disease is the nurse discussing?

answer

nephrotic syndrome

question

The nurse is describing the pathophysiology of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which information should the nurse include? The cause of this type of glomerulonephritis is:

answer

antigen-antibody complexes that deposit on the glomerular membrane

question

A patient has chronic pyelonephritis. What does the nurse suspect occurred in the patients body?

answer

kidney infection

question

A patient with nephrotic syndrome asks the nurse what causes the edema. How should the nurse respond? The edema results from:

answer

loss of plasma proteins in the urine

question

A patient has IgA nephropathy (Berger disease). What classic finding will the nurse assess for in this patient?

answer

hematuria after a GI viral infection

question

A patient has nephrotic syndrome. Which lab results will the nurse observe for this patient?

answer

hyperlipidemia

question

A nurse is teaching about end stage renal failure. Which information should the nurse include? End stage renal failure refers to a decline in renal function to ____ or less of normal.

answer

10%

question

A patients glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 13 ml/min. Which stage of chronic kidney disease is the patient experiencing?

answer

Stage V

question

A patient has acute renal failure. What is another term the nurse can use to describe this condition?

answer

acute kidney injury

question

A patient has an overactive bladder. While the nurse is reading the history, which data will help confirm the diagnosis of overactive bladder?

answer

nocturia

question

A nurse assesses a patient with chronic renal failure for osteomalacia and spontaneous bone fractures because:

answer

of a vitamin D deficiency.

question

For a patient with chronic renal failure, which of the following hormones often needs to be therapeutically replaced?

answer

Erythropoietin

question

Which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding of renal calculi? Renal calculi can be formed from:

answer

uric acid.

Understanding Pathophysiology (heuther) Module 13 Alterations Of Renal – Flashcards

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