question

The body will signil thirst before dehydration occurs to prevent problems with fluid loss

answer

False

question

Low salt intakes have been linked to lower rates of stomach cancer

answer

True

question

A deficiency of sodium is not harmful

answer

False

question

The B vitamins work together with enzymes in the metabolism of energy nutrients & in the making of new cells

answer

True

question

The main source of iodine in the US is plants grown in the middle part of the country

answer

False

question

Whether a person develops osteoporosis seems to depend partly on heredity & partly on the environment, including nutrition.

answer

True

question

The primary role of fluoride is to prevent dental caries throughout life

answer

True

question

Some minerals act as buffers to help maintain body fluids at the correct pH to permit life's processes

answer

True

question

Soft water contains sodium, which may aggravate hypertension

answer

True

question

Vitamin D deficiency in children can cause bowed legs, & abnormality seen in the disease rickets.

answer

True

question

Which individual should avoid vitamin C supplements because of above normal risk of negative effects?

answer

People with kidney disorders

question

Water soluble vitamins:

answer

Are easily excreted in the urine

question

Research suggests that deficiency of vitamin D may lead to:

answer

Cardiovascular disease

question

Water excretion is regulated by the brain & the:

answer

Kidneys

question

The main reason for fortifying enriched grain products with folic acid is to:

answer

Reduce the incidence of birth defects called neural tube defects

question

A young woman wanting to build maximum bone density should do all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Reduce her intake of protein

question

Important roles of vitamin D include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Health of the retina in the eye

question

Sulfate in adequate in a diet that contains sufficient:

answer

Protein

question

By definition, a vitamin is all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

An energy yielding nutrient

question

Which of the following impairs iron absorption?

answer

Phytates

question

Which food has the lowest percentage of water?

answer

Ready to eat cereals

question

Which agency is responsible for ensuring that public water systems meet maximum standards for protection of public health?

answer

Environmental Protection Agency

question

Because this cereal has been made using whole grain wheat:

answer

It will require less fortification than a refined wheat cereal to reach 100% of the DV

question

When a child has a virus that has caused vomiting & diarrhea over several days time, it is critical for her to receive medical care because:

answer

She may need help in replacing extreme fluid losses

question

Which statement about selenium levels in the body is accurate?

answer

Selenium works with a group of enzymes to protect body compounds from oxidative damage

question

What is one symptom of beta-carotene toxicity?

answer

Night blindness

question

The best way to select foods that are vitamin rich is to:

answer

Select a wide variety of Whole Foods to get a balance of vitamins

question

The recommended intake for vitamin D is ___ micrograms per day for adults over 70.

answer

20

question

Which B vitamin is especially important for women in childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects?

answer

Folate

question

Vitamin E serves as:

answer

An antioxidant

question

The lacy crystals of the ____ bone are tapped to raise blood calcium when the supply from the days diet runs short.

answer

Trabecular bone

question

You would tell a person who did not meet his recommended intakes for the fat soluble vitamins on one day to:

answer

Not to be concerned as long as his diet as a whole provides average amounts that approximate the recommended intakes

question

The USP symbol on the label of a vitamin supplement means that:

answer

It contains the ingredients listed on the label

question

Which of the following makes up about 60% of the body's weight?

answer

Water

question

A woman who has been following a vegan diet & now has become pregnant most likely needs ____ supplements.

answer

Vitamin D & vitamin B12

question

Copper is an essential nutrient because of its role in:

answer

Forming hemoglobin & collagen

question

Which individual is LEAST likely to acquire a vitamin E deficiency?

answer

Someone who is born prematurely

question

The best source of phosphorus is:

answer

Animal protein

question

What is NOT a characteristic of water soluble vitamins?

answer

They are stored extensively in tissues

question

What is the best beverage choice

answer

Hard water because it has a high concentration of calcium & magnesium

question

What is NOT one of the functions of vitamin C?

answer

To maintain the functions of the reproductive organs

question

Which of the following helps prevent changes in the acid base balance of body fluids?

answer

Proteins & some minerals

question

Pellagra is a _____ deficiency disease

answer

Niacin

question

The strongest genetic influence on the development of osteoporosis is:

answer

The maximum bone mass that can be attained during growth

question

What is the most accurate statement about the body's water balance

answer

Metabolic water is generated in the tissues as a product of chemical reactions

question

You are working with a child in a health clinic who has growth retardation, impaired immunity & a poor appetite. This child is most likely experiencing ____ deficiency.

answer

Zinc

question

What effect does zinc deficiency have on the body?

answer

Impairs the immune response, leading to increased infections

question

What is the most abundant mineral in the body

answer

Calcium

question

People whose diets are rich in vegetables & fruits have low rates of:

answer

Cancer

question

Which statement is true about groundwater as a drinking water supply?

answer

It comes from deep, protected underground aquifers.

question

What does the nutrition facts label tell you about the vitamin C content of this cereal?

answer

Vitamin C has been added to the cereal because whole grains are low in vitamin C

question

You advice your grandmother against using mineral oil as a laxative because:

answer

It may result in loss of fat soluble vitamins through excretion

question

Adults in the US consume an average of ____ milligrams per day of sodium.

answer

3400

question

Population studies suggest that people whose diets lack foods rich in beta carotene have a higher incidence of:

answer

Night blindness

question

If a person has a deficient dietary intake of calcium, what will be the result?

answer

No change in levels of calcium in the. Like because calcium in the blood because calcium will be pulled from the bones

question

All of the following are fat soluble vitamins EXCEPT

answer

C

question

Chromium works closely with:

answer

Insulin

question

The thiamin deficiency disease is known as:

answer

Beriberi

question

When you eat pizza, the body will respond to the sodium you ingest by:

answer

First signaling immediate thirst to offset the sodium intake

question

What statement is true regarding water chlorination?

answer

Deaths from organisms in non chlorinated water are common in some parts of the world

question

A non food source of vitamin K is:

answer

Intestinal bacteria

question

A zinc toxicity reduces ______.

answer

Iron absorption

question

Do high intakes of iron from foods pose a danger to healthy people?

answer

Yes, because iron toxicity is a relatively common occurrence

question

The best natural sources of folate include:

answer

Raw spinach

question

Research regarding the benefits or risks of taking vitamin supplements to reduce risk of chronic diseases has shown that:

answer

Beta carotene supplement use increases lung cancer risk in smokers

question

A person in consuming 1000mg a day of sodium preservatives in processed foods along with 2000 milligrams of added salt from the salt shaker on his foods. Does this sodium intake fall within the guidelines established by the DRI committee?

answer

Yes, 1800 total milligrams of sodium is within the UL

question

Which food provides the highest amount of zinc?

answer

Shellfish

question

What can you determine from the nutrition facts label about the vitamin D content of this cereal?

answer

Combined with milk, this cereal is an excellent source of vitamin D

question

Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency include:

answer

Night blindness

question

The principle food source of chloride is:

answer

Salt

question

Which characteristic or function of water allows it to act as a lubricant?

answer

Incompressibility

question

Magnesium is an important mineral that works with calcium in the body to:

answer

Help muscles contract & relax

question

A persons absorption of calcium varies based on:

answer

Age or life stage

question

Which is the most accurate statement about beverage consumption practices in the US?

answer

The mild diuretic effect of a moderate intake of caffeinated beverages does not prevent people from meeting fluid needs

question

Which food is NOT a good food source of vitamin C?

answer

Milk

question

This cereal product has a claim on the package front that it provides 100% of nine vitamins. What would be a result of eating this cereal every morning?

answer

The cereal would be a good source for those vitamins

question

Your best friend complains that she is tired all the time & has a problem concentrating. In addition, she likes to chew ice. Which of the following is your friend likely to have?

answer

Iron deficiency

question

The first sign of dehydration is:

answer

Thirst

question

The best way to obtain the calcium you need is to:

answer

Consume more milk, cheese & yogurt

question

Which element stabilizes bones & makes teeth resistant to decay?

answer

Fluoride

question

Phosphorus is critical to the acid base balance in cells because of its roles in:

answer

Creating buffers to maintain the correct pH

question

The vitamin D deficiency disease that develops in adults is known as:

answer

Osteomalacia

question

You recommend that your friend not take Stress Formula Vitamin C supplements because:

answer

The amount of vitamin C required by the body to recover from stress is easily obtained from whole fruits & vegetables

question

Which statement regarding vitamin C is true?

answer

It helps to produce carnitine

question

Calcium in the body's fluids performs all of the following major roles EXCEPT

answer

Helping maintain normal blood glucose

question

Which of the following statements is true?

answer

The bones begin to lose density after 40 years of age regardless of calcium intake

question

Over half of the body's magnesium is stored in the:

answer

Bones

question

For women & men in the 19- to -50 old range, the calcium DRJ is _____ milligrams

answer

1000

question

What can you determine from the Nutrition Facts label about the vitamin A content of this cereal?

answer

Mild added to the cereal contributes a moderate amount of vitamin A in addition to what is in the cereal

question

A friend informs you that she is planing to purchase a water softener. Which statement is most appropriate for you to make to your friend?

answer

Soft water appears to aggravate hypertension, which is undesirable

question

What is the principle positively charged ion inside body cells?

answer

Potassium

question

When trying to consume adequate dietary iron, it is helpful to:

answer

Combine vitamin C rich foods with non-heme iron sources to increase absorption

question

How much sodium is consumed by a person who eats two grams of salt?

answer

800mg

question

Which food provides the least amount of available zinc?

answer

Legumes

question

Which group of food items will provide the best source of calcium in the diet?

answer

Milk, yogurt & ice milk

question

To obtain the maximum amount of vitamin C from vegetables, you would:

answer

Consume them promptly after purchasing

question

The vitamin caplets in this product are time released. What benefit does this provide?

answer

No real benefit because nutrients are incorporated into the cells where they are needed whenever they arrive

question

Vitamin toxicity is more of a concern with which type of vitamins?

answer

Fat soluble vitamins because they are stored more readily in body tissues

question

Fortified food sources of vitamin D available in US include:

answer

Margarine

question

As people consume more polyunsaturated oil in their need for vitamin _____ rises.

answer

E

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