Quizes & Test: Integumentary & Oncology – Flashcards
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lesion
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An area of the skin that does not resemble the area surrounding it.
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granulation
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The development of tissue with new capillaries on the surface of an open wound during healing.
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mucosa
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This membrane lines the lumen of body passages that open directly to the exterior of the body.
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palpable
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Noticeable by touch, an adjective.
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hyperhidrosis
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Profuse perspiration that is more than required for a cooling effect (literally: excessive sweat abnormal condition).
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vesicle
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A palpable, fluid-filled lesion in the epidermis, commonly called a blister.
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dermatology
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The department of science dealing with skin conditions (literally: skin study of).
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pruritus
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The symptom of severe itching. A noun.
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erythema
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Red skin coloration caused by dilation of capillaries. A noun.
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xerosis
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Aging skin that lacks moisture (literally: dry abnormal condition).
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onychophagia
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Fingernail chewing (literally: nail eating condition).
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ulcer
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An open sore on the skin or mucosa that is inflamed. This is a type of lesion.
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cicatrix
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A flat, irregular lesion composed of connective tissue left after a wound has healed, commonly called a scar.
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synovium
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The membrane lining the inside of moveable joints.
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ecchymosis
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A skin discoloration due to blood collecting under the skin, caused by blunt impact. Commonly called a bruise.
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urticaria
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Multiple red or white spongy raised wheals on the skin that are intensely itchy. These lesions are commonly called hives.
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pallor
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The lack of color in normal skin or mucous membrane.
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fibrosis
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The process of scar tissue formation during healing.
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leukoplakia
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A white, precancerous lesion on the tongue (literally: white plate).
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serosa
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Membrane that lines ventral body cavities and covers viscera.
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cyanosis
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Blue skin or lips, indicating oxygen deficiency (literally: blue abnormal condition).
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hemangioma
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A congenital lesion that is red due to a mass of widened blood vessels in the skin (literally: blood vessel tumor).
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actinic keratosis
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A patch of skin, a dry, scaly skin lesion that may turn into skin cancer.
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keratosis
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Any skin condition involving an overgrowth and thickening of the epidermis (literally: hard or horny abnormal condition).
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pediculosis
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A parasitic skin infestation caused by lice (literally: louse abnormal condition).
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dermatitis
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Common skin inflammation that doesn't spread to other people and doesn't cause loss of life (literally: skin inflammation).
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rubella
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A contagious viral skin infection commonly called German measles.
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impetigo
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A bacterial skin infection that mainly affects infants and children, usually on the face.
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second degree burns
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Damage to the skin caused by heat, resulting in redness, swelling, pain and vesicles.
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psoriasis
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A chronic skin condition in which itchy, flaky, silver-white patches called scales appear on the scalp, knee and elbows.
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basal cell carcinoma
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The most frequently occurring type of skin cancer, but it rarely metastasizes.
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scleroderma
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Chronic connective tissue diseases that involve dermis and sometimes internal organs. (literally: hard skin).
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necrotic
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An adjective describing tissue that is dead. (literally: pertaining to death).
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melanoma
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This form of skin cancer quickly metastasizes and is the leading cause of death from skin cancer (literally: black tumor).
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cellulitis
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A widespread bacterial infection of the connective tissue of the skin that may be life-threatening if left untreated (literally: cell inflammation).
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escharotic
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Caustic or corrosive, an adjective. (literally: pertaining to scab).
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scabies
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A parasitic skin infestation caused by an egg-laying mite.
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paronychia
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An infection on the side of a nail (literally: beside nail condition).
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tinea
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Fungal skin disease commonly called ringworm.
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chemabrasion
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The use of chemicals to peel away the top layer of skin to help remove scars left by severe acne.
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biopsy
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The withdrawal of tissue from the body for microscopic examination (literally: life view of).
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antipruritics
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Medications used to reduce severe itching.
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curettage
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The removal of a tissue from the skin with a sharp, spoon-shaped instrument.
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antiparasitic
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Kwell is an example of a/n _____, a medication used to kill mites or lice.
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rhytidectomy
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Surgical excision of baggy skin (literally: wrinkle excision).
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cryotherapy
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The use of very low temperature to kill tissue (literally: cold treatment).
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anesthetic
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Lidocaine is a type of _____, a medication that produces a lack of feeling.
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ablation
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The removal of a tissue by surgery, cauterization or curretage.
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antiseptics
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Medications used to inhibit the growth and development of microorganisms, such as hydrogen peroxide.
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intradermal test
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A skin test in which a small amount of the suspected allergen is injected between the layers of skin with a needle.
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cauterize
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To burn or sear, a verb (literally: burn use).
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antivirals
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Medications used to treat or prevent viral skin infections, such as acyclovir.
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Mohs surgery
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A nonmelanoma skin cancer treatment that involves removing one thin layer of tissue at a time and immediately microscopically examining each layer, until the cancer is completely excised.
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culture and sensitivity
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A laboratory test to identify the specific type of infecting bacteria and what specific antibiotic will be effective against these bacteria.
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debridement
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The removal of foreign material and necrotic tissue from a wound.
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dermatoplasty
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The surgical replacement of damaged skin (literally: skin surgical repair or reshaping by surgery).
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electrocauterization
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The use of a small electrical probe to destroy tissue or stop hemorrhaging (literally: electricity burn process of).
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neoplasm
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Atypical growth of new tissue that may be cancerous (literally: new growth or formation).
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encapsulated
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An adjective for a tumor surrounded by fibrous tissue that prevents the cells within from metastasizing.
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primary tumor
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The term for the cancerous tumor that is present at the site where cancer began and then spread to other parts of the body. Note, this term applies only to the tumor at original site, not cells that spread.
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carcinoma
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A cancerous tumor that begins in epithelial tissue (literally: cancer tumor).
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mutagenic
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An adjective meaning able to alter genetic material (literally: genetic change producing).
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relapse
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The reappearance of disease symptoms or signs after a period of improvement.
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malignancy
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A mass of tissue composed of abnormal, mutated cells that can potentially grow quickly and spread to other parts of the body.
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benign tumor
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A neoplasm of cells that are not malignant.
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metastasis
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The movement of cancer from its original site (literally: beyond standing still).
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remission
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A time during which the symptoms or signs of a disease are not apparent.
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hyperplasia
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Cell division that results in an excessive number of normal cells (literally: excessive growth or formation condition).
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sentinel lymph nodes
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The first organs to filter lymph near a cancerous mass.
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dysplasia
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Generation of cells that look atypical microscopically (literally: abnormal growth or formation condition).
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pathologist
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A physician trained in evaluating tissue removed from patients, for signs of disease (literally: disease specialist).
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differentiation
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The development of specific shape and distinctive features in cells as they mature.
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oncologist
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A physician who evaluates and gives medical care for tumors (literally: tumor specialist).
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sarcoma
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A malignancy that starts in connective tissue or muscle (literally: flesh tumor).
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carcinoma in situ
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A malignancy that has not metastasized.
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therapeutic radiologist
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A physician specializing in treating neoplasms with high energy x-rays.
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protocol
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A plan of care for an individual patient.
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radiotherapy
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The use of high energy x-rays to kill tumor cells (literally: radiant energy treatment).
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adjuvant therapy
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The use of another form of treatment, in addition to the primary therapy.
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tumor grading
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Cancer classification by microscopic appearance of its cells and potential response to therapy.
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hormone therapy
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Cancer treatment that decreases the level of a specific hormone in the body or that alters a cancer's use of this hormone as a signal to grow.
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radical surgery
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Surgical removal of malignant tissue along with a large area of tissue surrounding the malignancy.
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palliation
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Treatment that reduces pain or decreases disease progression, but does not produce cure.
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brachytherapy
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The use of x-rays to kill tumor cells by the placement of a radioactive substance within the body (literally: short treatment).
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tumor staging
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Cancer classification by degree of spreading and potential response to therapy.
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immunotherapy
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The use of the immune system to treat cancer (literally: immune treatment).
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teletherapy
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The use of x-rays to kill tumor cells with a machine positioned outside the body to deliver the radiation (literally: distant treatment).
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carcinoma
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cancer that begins in epithelial tissue (literally: cancer tumor)
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biopsy
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the withdrawal of a skin sample for microscopic examination (literally: life view of)
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dermatoplasty
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the surgical replacement of damaged skin (literally: skin surgical repair or reshaping by surgery)
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tonsillectomy
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tonsil excision
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etiology
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the study of the cause of disease (literally: causation study of)
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dysplasia
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the generation of cells that look atypical (literally: abnormal growth or formation)
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necrosis
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tissue death (literally: death abnormal condition)
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laparoscopy
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the use of a small camera to look inside the abdomen (literally: abdomen process of using an instrument to visually examine)
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rhytidectomy
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cutting away skin to decrease excess folds of skin (literally: wrinkle excision)
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cauterize
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to destroy unwanted tissue with heat or electricity, a verb (literally: burn use)
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C
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A/n _______ organ contains scar tissue. A. pyogenic B. atopic C. fibrotic D. seborrheic
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A
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The medical term for an area of skin that looks different than the skin around it: A. lesion B. wound C. dermatitis D. ulcer
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A
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Which of the following regions of the body is not correctly described? A. plantar: ankle B. brachial: arm C. patellar: anterior knee D. otic: ear
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B
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The most common type of skin cancer: A. adenocarcinoma B. basal cell carcinoma C. squamous cell carcinoma D. melanoma
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D
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Which of the following verbs is NOT correctly defined? A. ablate: to destroy tissue B. abrade: to scrape a surface C. blanch: to lose color D. culture: to destroy microorganisms
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B
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Which of the following medical terms are NOT correctly described? A. purulent and suppurative: synonyms B. erythema and erythroderma: redness of skin caused by severe inflammation C. cicatrix and keloid: scars D. impetigo and cellulitis: bacterial skin infections
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C
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The term "cancer" means growth of abnormal cells that are: A. encapsulated. B. differentiated. C. malignant. D. all of the above.
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D
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The word parts in "allograft" are: A. prefix and word root. B. prefix, word root and suffix. C. word root and suffix. D. prefix and suffix.
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B
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The term for a malignant tumor that has not extended beyond the original site: A. neoplasm B. carcinoma in situ C. benign D. synovium
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D
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Which of the following adjectives is NOT correctly defined? A. toxic: poisonous B. palpable: noticeable by touch C. palliative: that which decreases pain but does not cure D. hyperplastic: pertaining to excessive growth of abnormal cells
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antipruritic
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The patient was advised to use a/n (pruritic) to help to relieve the annoying itching from his severe rash. Answer:
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metastasize
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The physician explained to the patient that his tumor was malignant and would (metastasis) to other organs without appropriate therapy.
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mucous
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Inflammation in membranes that line the lumen of body passages that open directly to the exterior of the body involves (serous) membranes.
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grading
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Tumor (staging) is the process of classifying a malignant tumor based on what the cells look like under a microscope.
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ecchymosis
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The doctor determined that woman's leg was not broken, but she developed a large (hemangioma) where she hit her leg when she fell. This bruise was gone when she returned to the clinic two weeks later.
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relapse
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The patient had a/n (remission) after a year of being free of symptoms. He was immediately scheduled for chemotherapy.
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actinic keratosis
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The patient was concerned that the small dry, scaly patch on her skin was cancer, and had her physician examine it. The diagnosis was (xerosis), which is a precancerous lesion that carries a high risk of turning into skin cancer, caused by excessive sun exposure.
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second
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The child had a burn that involved pain, redness and vesicles on the skin of his arms. This was noted as a (third) degree burn on his medical chart.
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sentinel
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The removal and examination of the (primary) lymph nodes indicated no spread of cancer to these first organs that filter lymph near the malignancy.
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prognosis
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The doctor told the patient he had an inflamed appendix and his (diagnosis) was a full recovery if the appendix was removed within the next few hours.
