Biology A Final Exam – Flashcards
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When conducting a biology investigation, why is it important to note the safety rules and symbols?
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to avoid accidents
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Which is not a product of photosynthesis?
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nitrogen
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A molecule that contains only carbon and hydrogen is called a _____.
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hyrdocarbon
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A cancer treatment that kills unwanted cells with drugs is called _____.
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chemotherapy
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How does water form during cellular respiration?
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Oxygen is reduced, gaining electrons and hydrogen ions.
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CAM plants close their _____ during the day and open them at night.
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stomata
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Actin makes up cytoskeleton fibers called _____.
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microfilaments
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Which kind of molecule does transcription produce?
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RNA
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A pH of _____ is considered neutral.
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7
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Which scientific skill involves sharing what you have learned with others?
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communicating
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T is a trait for tallness in pea plants. The trait for shortness is t. In a case of simple dominance, what is the height of a plant with the genotype Tt?
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tall
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What do biotechnologists use to cut DNA molecules at specific sequences?
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restriction endonuclease
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Why is it important that a protein keeps its shape?
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The shape of a protein allows it to perform its particular job.
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Energy is captured for photosynthesis by _____ molecules.
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chlorophyll
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The first generation of offspring from the cross of two parents is called the _____.
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F1 generation
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In humans, which sex chromosome determines if an offspring is a male or female?
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Y
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Enzymes are _____.
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proteins
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During which process are food molecules broken down to produce chemical potential energy in the form of ATP?
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cellular respiration
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Which are examples of steroids?
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cholesterol and vitamin D
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During replication, DNA _____.
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is copied
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_____ is a type of cell division that produces gametes.
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meiosis
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Which discovery did not contribute to cell theory?
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all cells require ATP for energy
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What sequence of DNA bases bonds with the DNA base sequence ATGT?
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TACA
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When a substance changes into a different substance, a _____ change has occurred.
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chemical
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In mitosis, chromatids line up in the middle of the cell during _____.
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metaphase
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Which takes place inside the chloroplast?
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light and dark reactions
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Why do athletes often eat lots of carbohydrates the day before a competition?
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Carbohydrates give living things energy.
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An atom of nitrogen has seven protons in its nucleus. How many electrons does it have?
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7
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The study of living things and their environment is called _____.
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ecology
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Which statement is true?
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viruses are not living
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Organisms use _____ to do work, grow, and change.
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energy
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What factor is a characteristic of passive transport?
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it occurs without energy input
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What is an ion?
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an atom or particle with a positive or negative charge
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What makes up the backbone of a DNA molecule?
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sugars and phosphates
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What do cellular respiration and fermentation have in common?
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they both harvest energy from sugars
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Which term describes a group of cells that are similar and work together?
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tissue
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Which molecules are often embedded within the lipid bilayer to help substances move through the membrane?
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proteins
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What kind of bond is created by the attraction between atomic particles of opposite charge?
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ionic bond
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What feature makes water a polar molecule?
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The ends of the water molecule have opposite electrical charges.
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What is cyclic about the reactions that make up the Krebs cycle?
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The first reactant and last product are the same.
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Which process describes the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration?
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diffusion
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Ribosomes are made up of _____.
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RNA and protiens
