Pathophysiology Chapter 9 – Flashcards
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The primary function(s) of the pulmonary system is(are)
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ventilation and respiration.
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The maintenance of the acid-base balance of the blood is linked to the function of
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the lungs and the kidneys.
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The common cold is a group of minor illnesses caused by
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almost 200 viruses or from mycoplasma.
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The treatment of sinusitis may include
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antibiotics, decongestants, and antihistamines.sinusotomy.allergy testing, immunotherapy, and corticosteroids.
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A crooked nasal septum or deviated septum can cause
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cosmetic concern.increased tendency to sinusitis.compromise of the air passage.
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Growths that form from distended mucous membranes protruding into the nasal cavity are called
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nasal polyps.
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Causes of epistaxis are
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hemophilia and leukemia.hypertension or other systemic disorders.direct trauma or foreign body.
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The common symptom of a tumor of the larynx is
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dysphonia.
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Of primary importance in the diagnosis of hemoptysis is
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determining the source of the bleeding.
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Stasis of blood flow from immobility, injury to a vessel, or predisposition to clot formation increase the risk of
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pulmonary embolism.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).emphysema.
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Atelectasis, an airless or collapsed state of pulmonary tissue, may result from
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obstruction in the bronchial tree.prolonged inactivity.failure to deep breathe postoperatively.
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Stasis of blood flow from immobility, injury to a vessel, or predisposition to clot formation increase the risk of
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pulmonary embolism.
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The pneumonia-like disease caused by bacteria that thrive in warm aquatic environments and are inhaled from moisture droplets in air conditioning units is called
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Legionella infection.
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_____ is a fungal disease originating in the lungs, with the greatest occurrence in the midwestern United States.
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Histoplasmosis
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An area of contained infectious material in the lung is known as
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pulmonary abscess.
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A double fracture of three or more adjacent ribs resulting in instability in the chest wall describes a patient with
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flail chest.
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Permanent, irreversible dilation or distortion of the bronchi, resulting from destruction of muscular bronchial wall, describes
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bronchiectasis.
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A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in a collapsed lung, describes a condition called
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pneumothorax.
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Occupational diseases that cause progressive, chronic inflammation and infection in the lungs from inhalation of inorganic dust are termed
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pneumoconiosis.
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_____ is a destructive disease of the alveoli and the adjacent capillary walls resulting in chronic dyspnea, cough, and the characteristic barrel chest.
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Emphysema
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The Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of
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infectious mononucleosis.
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Severe hypoxemia in a patient who has recently experienced trauma is called shock lung or
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ARDS.
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_____ refers to obstructive diseases of the lungs, including chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, emphysema, and pneumoconiosis
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COPD
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Treatment of pneumonia includes
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organism-specific antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia.
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What is the most common site for head and neck tumors?
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Larynx
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Who is at most risk for respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia (RSV)?
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Infants, Young children, The elderly
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True
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Pontiac fever is a milder form of Legionellosis; both forms are not contagious.
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True
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Target groups for influenza immunization include persons aged 65 and older, patients with chronic disease, health care providers, and other high-risk persons.
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True
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Prophylactic use of vaccines against influenza is effective in reducing the occurrence of the disease, especially in older and infirm adults.
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True
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A history of smoking is listed as an etiologic factor in bronchitis, bronchiectasis, emphysema, and lung cancer.
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False
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In most cases the prognosis of lung cancer is good because people seek medical attention before metastasis occurs.
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True
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Asbestosis, anthracosis, and silicosis are considered occupational diseases.
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False
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Common colds impart immunity and respond to antibiotic therapy.
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True
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Allergic rhinitis and allergic sinusitis can lead to inflammation of the mucosa of the sinuses and resulting sinusitis.
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True
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Exposure to both primary and secondary smoke may make the individual more susceptible to any respiratory condition because the smoke is an irritant to the respiratory tract.
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False
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Early detection of lung cancer has been proven to improve survival.
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True
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Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide for both men and women.
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True
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Hemothorax is life-threatening and requires emergency care.
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False
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Due to improved prevention and treatment measures for tuberculosis, TB is no longer considered a public health risk.
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False
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Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, so no known prevention exists.
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True
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Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder most commonly detected in the lungs.
