Flashcards with Answers on chapter 5 quiz
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
answer
Tactile cells anchor the skin to the body.
question
The skin consists of two main regions. From deep to superficial they are the ________.
answer
dermis and epidermis
question
Which structures of the dermis give rise to friction ridges (fingerprints)?
answer
dermal ridges
question
The ________ is a thin translucent band found only in thick skin.
answer
stratum lucidum
question
Which stratum of the epidermis is responsible for regenerating the more superficial layers?
answer
stratum basale
question
Which layer of the dermis is directly below the epidermis?
answer
papillary layer
question
Which skin pigment is made in the skin itself?
answer
melanin
question
A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?
answer
corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
question
A splinter penetrated into the skin of the sole of the foot.almost to the papillary region of the dermis. Which layer of the epidermis would be the final layer injured?
answer
basale
question
The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________.
answer
the major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber
question
Which of the following cells and their functions are correctly matched?
answer
Dendritic cells activate the immune system
question
Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes ________.
answer
accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer
question
The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well-being, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?
answer
stratum basale
question
The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?
answer
macrophages called dendritic cells (Langerhans Cell)
question
Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?
answer
Lamellated granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces.
question
The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?
answer
the reticular layer
question
Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been stretched and/or torn?
answer
The appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis.
question
The papillary layer of the dermis is connective tissue heavily invested with blood vessels. The superficial surface has structures called:
answer
dermal papillae.
question
The design of a person's epidermal ridges is determined by the manner in which the papillae rest upon the dermal ridges to produce the specific pattern known as handprints, footprints, and fingerprints. Which of the following statements is true regarding these prints or ridges?
answer
They are genetically determined, therefore unique to each person.
question
A dendritic or Langerhan cell is a specialized ________.
answer
phagocytic cell
question
Earwax is made by ________.
answer
ceruminous glands
question
Sweat is secreted by ________.
answer
sudoriferous glands
question
Which skin appendages aid in cooling the body to prevent overheating on a hot day or during intense exercise?
answer
eccrine sweat glands
question
Sam is so cold that he has "goose bumps." What causes goose bumps?
answer
arrector pili muscles pulling hair follicles into an upright position
question
The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except ________.
answer
external root sheath
question
What is the most important role of the arrector pili muscles in humans?
answer
Force sebum out of the hair follicle to the skin surface
question
Which glands produce ear wax?
answer
Ceruminous glands
question
Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?
answer
eccrine and apocrine
question
Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence, seem to play little role in thermoregulation. Where would we find these glands in the human body?
answer
in the axillary and anogenital area
question
The skin is NOT a ________ barrier?
answer
metabolic
question
Although the integument is a covering, it is by no means simple, and some of its functions include ________.
answer
resident macrophage-like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and present them to the immune system
question
The most dangerous type of skin cancer is ________.
answer
melanoma
question
A cancerous growth on the skin will likely exhibit ________.
answer
asymmetry
question
Which layer(s) of the skin is(are) damaged in a second-degree burn?
answer
The epidermis and the superficial region of the dermis are damaged.
question
In general, skin cancer is least likely to develop in which of the following locations?
answer
scalp
question
Susan sat out in the sun watching a baseball game. She developed small blisters on her unprotected shoulders and neck. What type of burn is represented by the formation of the blisters?
answer
second-degree burn
question
Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.
answer
Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.
question
The single most important risk for skin cancer is ________
answer
overexposure to UV radiation
question
Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss? What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?
answer
by using the "rule of nines"
question
What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?
answer
catastrophic fluid loss
question
The dermis is a strong, flexible connective tissue layer. Which of the following cell types are likely to be found in the dermis?
answer
fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells
question
Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?
answer
Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen.
question
The dense fibrous connective tissue portion of the skin is located in the reticular region of the dermis.
answer
true
question
The protein found in large amounts in the outermost layer of epidermal cells is collagen.
answer
false
question
The dermis is rich in blood vessels and nerve fibers.
answer
true
question
Acne is a disorder associated with ________.
answer
sebaceous glands
question
Which statement correctly explains why hair appears the way it does?
answer
Kinky hair has flat, ribbonlike hair shafts.
