question

The enzyme DNA polymerase catalyzes the DNA replication process during which of the following phases of the mitotic cell cycle?

answer

Synthesis (S phase)

question

Chromosomes on which recombination takes place:

answer

Both a) and b) are correct. a)have a mixtures of maternal and paternal chromosomes b)are created during meiosis

question

According to the graph above, what is the probability that a baby born to a 35-year-old woman will have Down syndrome?

answer

3 out of 1,000

question

1. two daughter nuclei are formed (telophase) 2. centromeres separate (early anaphase) 3. cytoplasm is divided (cytokinesis) 4. chromosomes move toward opposite poles (anaphase) 5. chromosomes line up in single file (metaphase)

answer

5, 2, 4, 1, 3

question

Cancer cells are different from other cells in that they have lost their "contact inhibition." "Contact inhibition" means:

answer

most cells stop dividing when they bump up against other cells or collections of cells

question

The purpose of mitosis is to enable existing cells

answer

to generate new, genetically identical cells.

question

In most bacteria, the DNA:

answer

is carried in a single circular chromosome.

question

During which phase of the cell cycle do the chromosomes align in one plane at the center of the cell?

answer

Metaphase

question

Bacteria divide by a type of ______________________ called ____________________.

answer

asexual reproduction ; binary fission

question

Which stage of the mitotic cell cycle is illustrated above?

answer

metaphase

question

In asexual reproduction, daughter cells inherit their DNA from ____________________.

answer

a single parent

question

Mitosis produces TWO (2) daughter cells that:

answer

are genetically identical to each other and to the original parent.

question

Which of the following is TRUE about sexual reproduction?

answer

Sexual reproduction produces a greater variation in offspring than asexual reproduction.

question

The stage of the cell cycle in which the chromosomes are aligned in single file between

answer

metaphase.

question

Nondisjunction:

answer

is the unequal division of the genetic material during cell division.

question

Which of the following are features that distinguish cancer cells from normal cells?

answer

Both b) and d) are correct. b) Normal cells have contact inhibition; cancer cells have no contact inhibition. d) Normal cells can divide a finite number of times; cancer cells can divide indefinitely.

question

Sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell at which of the following phases of the mitotic cell cycle?

answer

metaphase

question

Beginning with interphase, put the following stages of the mitotic cell cycle into the correct sequence.

answer

Gap-1 S-phase Gap-2 karyokinesis cytokinesis

question

Eukaryotic cells can divide by:

answer

both mitosis and meiosis.

question

Chemotherapy is one common treatment for cancer. Which of the following are aspects of chemotherapy?

answer

Drugs that interfere with cell division are administered to the patient. Chemotherapy drugs circulate throughout the entire body. Chemotherapy drugs disrupt normal systems that rely on the rapid and constant production of new cells.

question

Animal cells have "counters" that keep track of how many times a cell has divided. These counters are called:

answer

telomeres.

question

Which of the following places the events of mitosis into the correct order?

answer

chromosomes wind up, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, sister chromatids separate, cytokinesis occurs

question

Which of the following happens in cytokenesis?

answer

the cytoplasm is divided

question

Radiation therapy for cancer works because a cell's DNA is exposed during mitosis and most vulnerable to damage from radiation. Because cancer cells are uncontrollably undergoing mitosis, they die when exposed to the treatment. The common side effects of radiation treatment are hair loss and vomiting. What does this imply?

answer

Both stomach and skin cells are constantly being replaced.

question

Down syndrome and other disorders where there are extra or missing copies of a chromosomes are the consequence of:

answer

nondisjunction.

question

Which of the following correctly orders the events of the eukaryotic cell cycle? You selected: Gap 1, DNA synthesis, Gap 2, mitosis, cytokinesis

answer

Gap 1, DNA synthesis, Gap 2, mitosis, cytokinesis

question

Which of the following are the three stages of interphase (in the mitotoc cell cycle)?

answer

Gap-1, S-phase and Gap-2

question

Which stage of the mitotic cell cycle is illustrated above?

answer

anaphase

question

The chromosomes of bacteria are:

answer

circular.

question

How does crossing over introduce variation in meiosis?

answer

It positions alleles next to each other that previously were not together.

question

Cancer cells differ from normal cells in two important aspects:

answer

indefinite cell division and the loss of contact inhibition.

question

Radiation therapy for cancer is designed to destroy cells that are undergoing rapid mitosis, like cancer cells. How does this therapy work?

answer

During mitosis, a cell's DNA is exposed and most vulnerable to damage from radiation.

question

The stage of the cell cycle where the chromosomes are aligned along the equator in single file is called:

answer

metaphase

question

A karyotype

answer

Both a) and c) are correct. a)can be used to diagnose Down syndrome in humans. c)can be used to determine the sex of a fetus in humans.

question

During which stage of the mitotic cell cycle would you see a single file arrangement of chromosomes?

answer

metaphase

question

n multicellular organisms, the cells that undergo mitotic cellular division but not meiotic cell division are called

answer

somatic cells.

question

Trisomy 21 is a consequence of the unequal distribution of chromosomes during meiosis._______________________,

answer

nondisjunction

question

The division of the cytoplasm during cell division is referred to as:

answer

cytokinesis.

question

In multicellular organisms, cells that undergo mitotic division but not meiotic division are called _____ cells.

answer

somatic

question

Which of the following explains the fact that the Y chromosome carries nonessential information?

answer

Women don't have a Y chromosome and are not genetically disadvantaged.

question

Within interphase, which of the stages is defined by the active replication of the cell's genetic material?

answer

the DNA synthesis phase

question

Which of the following places the events of mitosis into the correct order?

answer

chromosomes wind up, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, sister chromatids separate, cytokinesis occurs

question

The DNA in linear eukaryotic chromosomes is wrapped around proteins called _____________, which keep the DNA from getting tangled and enable an orderly, tight, and efficient packing of the DNA inside the cell.

answer

histones

question

During which phase of the cell cycle do the chromosomes align in one plane at the center of the cell?

answer

Metaphase

question

The chromosomes of bacteria are:

answer

circular

question

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Turner Syndrome?

answer

taller than average stature

question

Beginning with interphase, put the following stages of the mitotic cell cycle into the correct sequence by numbering them from 1-6

answer

Interphase (Gap-1) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokenesis

question

Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is NOT true?

answer

The Gap 2 phase immediately follows the Gap 1 phase.

question

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

answer

Interphase

question

What is the definition of "female"

answer

producing the larger, less motile gamete

question

Within interphase, which of the stages is defined by the active replication of the cell's genetic material?

answer

the DNA synthesis phase

question

In some species, sex is determined by environmental, rather than genetic, factors. This is true of:

answer

turtles

question

Which stage of the mitotic cell cycle is illustrated above?

answer

prophase

question

Aneuploidy (an abnormal number of chromosomes) occurs due to one particular erroneous meiotic event called:

answer

nondisjunction (chromosomes don't separate)

question

Which of the following human sex chromosome genotypes is not possible?

answer

YY

question

Which of the following explains the fact that the Y chromosome carries nonessential information?

answer

Women don't have a Y chromosome and are not genetically disadvantaged.

question

Which of the following is the best way to distinguish male from female

answer

Males produce motile gametes.

question

Anaphase of mitosis occurs when:

answer

the chromatids begin to separate from the metaphase plate.

question

Which of the following are features that distinguish cancer cells from normal cells?

answer

Both b) and d) are correct.

question

Which of the following happens in cytokenesis?

answer

The cytoplasm is divided

question

According to the graph above, what is the probability that a baby born to a 35-year-old woman will have Down syndrome?

answer

3 out of 1,000

question

1. two daughter nuclei are formed (telophase) 2. centromeres separate (early anaphase) 3. cytoplasm is divided (cytokinesis) 4. chromosomes move toward opposite poles (anaphase) 5. chromosomes line up in single file (metaphase) Which of the following is the correct order of the events in the mitotic cell cylce listed above?

answer

5, 2, 4, 1, 3

question

Healthy individuals may have just one sex chromosome, as long as it is an X chromosome. Why can't a person survive with a Y chromosome and no X chromosome?

answer

The X chromosome has a full complement of genetic material, much of which is vital to life; the Y chromosome is missing the vast majority of these genes.

question

Which of the following are the three stages of interphase (in the mitotoc cell cycle)?

answer

Gap-1, S-phase and Gap-2

question

Somatic cells can include:

answer

Both a) and b) are correct.

question

Within interphase, which of the stages is defined by the active replication of the cell's genetic material?

answer

the DNA synthesis phase

question

Down syndrome results from which of the following chromosomal abnormalities?

answer

all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21

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