Biology Cell Division and Growth – Flashcards
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As a cell becomes larger its
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volume increases faster than its surface area
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When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
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only during cell division
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When during the cell cycle is a cell's DNA replicated
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S phase
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Which event occurs during interphase
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The cell grows
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Which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell
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Metaphase
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Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
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Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis
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it helps separate the chromosomes
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Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing
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Contact with other cells
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Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have covered the bottom of the dish?
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Contact with other cells stops cell growth
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Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
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growth rate
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The larger a cell becomes, the ____ efficiently it is able to function
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less
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Before a normal cell becomes too large to carry out normal activities, it will usually divide to form two ______ cells
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daughter
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How does cell division solve the problems of cell growth?
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Each of the 2 daughter cells produced have their own set of DNA. Also, the volume is reduced.
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Identify a factor that can stop cells from growing. Give an example of how this factor affects cell growth.
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Contact with other cells, it would stop cell growth
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How are cancer cells different than normal cells?
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Cancer cells do not respond to the signals that control the growth of most cells.
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What can happen to cancer cells if left untreated?
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If untreated, they can break loose from the mass they are in and spread throughout the body.
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How does cell division help a cell solve these problems?
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Cell division results in two daughter cells, each with its own complete set of DNA. Also, its size allows it to accurately exchange materials
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List and describe the main events of the cell cycle
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G1: The cell grows S: DNA replicates G2: Prepares for mitosis M: Cell division (including mitosis and cytokinesis)
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Prophase
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-chromatin condenses to chromosomes -centrioles separate -spindle fibers are formed -nuclear envelope breaks down
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Metaphase
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-chromosomes line up across the middle of a cell -chromosomes attach to the spindle and the centromere
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Anaphase
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-centromere is pulled -sister chromatids separate to form individual chromosomes -chromosomes separated into 2 poles of the spindle
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Telophase
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-chromosomes are spread out in a tangle of chromatin -the nuclear envelope breaks down
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Describe how the skin cells near a cut behave. What role does contact with other cells have in the behavior of cells near a cut?
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-Cells at the edges of a cut divide rapidly, healing the wound. -When almost healed, the rate of cell division slows. -When cells aren't in contact, the cells divide to fill the gap (scabs) -Once cells come back into contact, they resume normal growth rate
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Why is cancer such a difficult condition to cure?
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It is difficult to find a cure because it is hard to find a way to stop the cell cycle in some cells but not interfere with the cell cycle in other cells at the same time.
