question

_____ occurs when heart muscle tissue dies because its blood supply is severely reduced or stopped.

answer

Heart attack

question

at the same time you check for responsiveness, you should look at the victim to see whether he or she ______

answer

is breathing

question

For effective chest compression's during CPR, the rescuer should:

answer

Push hard and push fast

question

if alone with an unresponsive child or infant, the rescuer should:

answer

provide care for 2 mins, and then call 911

question

when performing CPR, give chest compressions at the rate of:

answer

at least 100 compression's per minute

question

When performing chest compression on the following victims, the sternum should be depressed to what depth? ADULT AND CHILD : _____ inches INFANT: _______inches

answer

2 inches for the adult and child, 1&1/2 inches for the infant

question

the ratio for compressions to breaths when performing adult CPR is:

answer

30 compressions to 2 breaths

question

which method should be used to open the airway for an unresponsive victim?

answer

head tilt- chin lift

question

when giving rescue breaths to an adult, each breath should last approximately how long?

answer

1 second

question

to perform chest compressions on a child:

answer

use one or two hands

question

what is the proper sequence for CPR?

answer

CAB (compressions, airway, breathing)

question

when giving compressions to an infant, use:

answer

two fingers

question

The signs of a severe airway obstruction may include:

answer

difficulty breathing, weak and ineffective cough, and inability to speak or breathe

question

how many back blows and chest thrusts should be given to a responsive choking infant?

answer

5 each

question

how many abdominal thrusts should be given to a responsive choking victim?

answer

as many as are needed to remove the obstruction or until the victim becomes unresponsive

question

the most common cause of airway obstruction in an unresponsive victim is:

answer

the tongue

question

a child's age ranges from:

answer

1 year to puberty

question

when giving abdominal thrusts to a choking victim, where should you position your hands?

answer

in the middle of the abdomen, just above the naval

question

a victim's chance of survival dramatically improves through:

answer

early CPR, and early defibrillation

question

Defibrillation is most effective if used:

answer

within the first few minutes following cardiac arrest

question

During ventricular fibrillation, the heart:

answer

quivers and cannot pump blood

question

During ventricular tachycardia (V-tach), the heart:

answer

beats too fast to pump blood effectively

question

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):

answer

is the initial care for cardiac arrest until a defibrillator is available

question

How many adhesive pads (electrodes) are placed on the victim's chest?

answer

2

question

before using an AED:

answer

give CPR until the AED is ready to use, position it next to the victim, turn on the AED

question

Begin____ immediately after the shock and follow the prompts of the AED

answer

CPR

question

AEDs can be used on:

answer

adults, children, infants

question

which of the following statements about AED's is true?

answer

remove patches containing medication (eg, nitroglycerin,nicotine, or pain meds)

question

AED supplies should include:

answer

A razor, hand towel, breathing device and exam gloves

question

Shock occurs when body parts do not receive adequate:

answer

oxygenated blood

question

without oxygen, the brain will start to be damaged irreparably in ____ minutes.

answer

4 to 6

question

the perfusion triangle includes:

answer

heart, blood vessels, blood

question

septic shock develops in some victims with:

answer

bacterial infection

question

anaphylactic shock

answer

is a massive allergic reaction

question

sensitive persons may experience anaphylaxis from exposure to:

answer

medications, food, and insect stings.

question

which of the following are signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis?

answer

swelling of the face, tongue, and lips; bluish lips (cyanosis), and sneezing, coughing,wheezing

question

why are the legs NOT elevated more than 12 inches when treating for shock?

answer

it would affect the victims breathing

question

when treating a shock victim, the first aider should place blankets and/ or coats:

answer

under and over the victim

question

first aid for anaphylactic shock includes which of the following?

answer

emergency transport to a medical facility, transporting the victim in a half-sitting position, and determining if the victim has an emergency epinephrine kit

question

Why is neither food nor drink given to a shock victim?

answer

it could cause nausea and vomiting.

question

Rapid blood loss of ____quart(s) or more in an adult can lead to shock and death.

answer

1

question

the term____ refers to a large amount of bleeding in a short time.

answer

hemorrhage

question

in____ bleeding, blood spurts up to several feet from the wound.

answer

arterial

question

blood from___flows steadily or gushes

answer

veins

question

in a healthy adult, initial clot function normally takes about ____ mins.

answer

10

question

if a dressing becomes blood-soaked, what should be done?

answer

apply another dressing on top of the old one.

question

what is the most effective method for controlling most types of bleeding?

answer

direct pressure over the wound.

question

___ occurs when the skin is not broken and blood is not visible.

answer

internal bleeding

question

which of the following is a sign of internal bleeding?

answer

bruises of the skin, fractured ribs or bruises on the chest, vomiting or coughing up blood

question

to treat bruises, the first aider should:

answer

apply an ice pack over the injury for 20 mins.

question

the ____ is the largest artery in the human body

answer

aorta

question

wound where the top layer of skin is removed, with little or no blood loss

answer

abrasion

question

wound where the skin is cut with jagged, irregular edges

answer

laceration

question

wound is smooth-edged

answer

incisions

question

wound is usually deep and narrow, with a high risk of infection

answer

puncture

question

wound usually involves ears, fingers, and hands, and results in tearing a flap of skin.

answer

avulsion

question

wound involves the cutting or tearing off of a body part

answer

amputation

question

for a shallow wound, wash inside it with:

answer

soap and water

question

how should animal bites, dirty wounds, and puncture wounds be cleaned?

answer

they should be cleaned only by medical personnel

question

which statement is true concerning dressings for open wounds

answer

if the dressing becomes stuck to the wound, leave it on as long as the wound is healing, if the dressing becomes stuck to the wound and it must be removed, soak it in warm water first, a wet dressing may promote infection

question

which first aid supply is applied over a wound to control bleeding and prevent contamination

answer

dressing

question

a ____ holds the dressing in place

answer

bandage

question

what are the signs and symptoms of an infected wound?

answer

throbbing pain, pus discharge, and fever

question

tetanus is caused by:

answer

a toxin produced by bacterium

question

a victim with a dirty wound who has not had a tetanus booster for more than ___ years should receive a booster

answer

5 years

question

tetanus shots must be given within ___ hours of the injury to be effective.

answer

72

question

_______ is a clean - cut complete detachment

answer

guillative amputation

question

amputation occurs when an extremity separates by being crushed or mashed off

answer

crushing

question

amputation occurs when the skin is peeled off

answer

de-gloving

question

repeated rubbing of small area of skin will produce a(n):

answer

blister

question

care for impaled objects may include which of the following actions?

answer

expose the area, and stabilizing the object with bulky dressing

question

a(n) ____ wound happens when a blunt object strikes the body.

answer

closed

question

sutures should be made by a physician within____ hours of the injury

answer

6 to 8

question

which of the following wounds do not usually require stiches

answer

the skins cut edges tend to fall together, and the cut is less than one inch long and not deep

question

What is the purpose of a dressing?

answer

to control bleeding, to prevent infection, to absorb blood

question

an example of an improvised dressing is:

answer

a bandanna, a towel, a cloth

question

which of the following is placed directly over an open wound?

answer

gauze pads

question

what is the purpose of a bandage?

answer

to hold a dressing in place

question

which of the following is a sign or symptom that a bandage is too tight?

answer

blue or pale skin, coldness of the extremity, tingling or loss of sensation.

question

basic types of bandages include roller bandages, self-adhesive bandages, elastic bandages, triangular bandages, and ______

answer

adhesive tape

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