question

How many compressions: breaths do you perform for each cycle of CPR?

answer

30 compressions and 2 breaths 30:2 Total at least 100 compressions per minute new CPR is 120 per minute but HOSA test is still at 100

question

How do you treat a cut / gash on a person's arm?

answer

With clean dressing, put gauze pads on the cut. Hold for 1 minute and state that you are holding for 1 minute. If bleeding continues, place more clean gauze pads and hold 1 more minute with more pressure. Bleeding should subside. Wrap arm with some kind of bandage to maintain pressure. Do a pressure wrap.

question

Triage is ____________

answer

a method of prioritizing treatment when there is more than one victim. Most severe treated first.

question

A young man was standing to close to a fire and the hair caught on fire. The fire was extinguished quickly but the skin on the forehead is mildly burned. You should ______.

answer

Cool the burn with cold but not ice-cold water

question

What are the steps to checking a unconscious person?

answer

Make sure scene is safe. Put on PPE Tap the victim's shoulder while asking "Are you okay?" Check for breathing - tell judge not breathing Call 911 - get AED - judge might say AED not available Check for carotid pulse - no more than 10 seconds Begin CPR if judge says no pulse.

question

What are signs that indicate a medical emergency?

answer

unusual noise, sight, odor, appearance, or behavior.

question

List some barriers to action.

answer

- presence of other people - unsure of victim's condition, type of injury or illness - fear of catching disease - fear of doing something wrong - being unsure when to call 911

question

Name the 3 C's of first aid. Use your PPE Check for medical alert bracelets

answer

-check, call, care. - Don't forget your PPE before and after treatment. Change gloves when changing victims or verbalize Changing gloves. Use hand sanitizer when done. -scan the body for ID bracelets or ask patient if they are alert or bystanders

question

What do you check for prior to administering care to a victim?

answer

- scene safety - other victims - bystanders - signs and clues to what type of injury or condition victim has - ABC's (airway, breathing, and circulation)

question

Who do you call prior to administering care to a victim?

answer

911 or EMS.

question

How long should you check a victim's breathing?

answer

10 seconds.

question

Define implied consent.

answer

the assumption that a victim would give permission to treat them if he or she were conscious.

question

List some key facts about the transmission of disease.

answer

- can be airborne, in a fluid, or vector (bite) - injured person must be infected for transmission to occur - rescuer has to have a break in skin - there must be sufficient amount of pathogens

question

Define pathogen.

answer

a disease causing microorganism.

question

Provide care for first 2 minutes under what circumstances?

answer

- unconscious adult, adolescent, or infant - witnessed collapse

question

Call FIRST under what circumstances?

answer

- cardiac emergencies - drowning victims - unwitnessed collapse

question

List the respiratory organs.

answer

- airway (which consists of the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi, alveoli) - lungs

question

What is the function of the respiratory system?

answer

supplies body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide by breathing.

question

List some common respiratory system problems.

answer

- asthma - respiratory distress - respiratory arrest

question

List the circulatory organs.

answer

- heart - blood - blood vessels, arteries, veins

question

Which direction do arteries pump blood?

answer

away from the heart.

question

Which direction do veins pump blood?

answer

towards the heart.

question

What is the function of the circulatory system?

answer

transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells and removes waste products.

question

List some common circulatory system problems.

answer

- cardiac arrest - heart attacks - blood clots

question

List the nervous system organs.

answer

- brain - spinal cord - nerves _ neurons

question

What is the function of the nervous system?

answer

transmits messages to and from the brain to regulate all of the body and its systems.

question

List some common nervous system problems.

answer

- paralysis - seizures - strokes - concussions - fainting - loss of consciousness.

question

List the musculoskeletal organs.

answer

- bones - muscles - ligaments - tendons

question

What organs can you strain?

answer

tendons

question

What organs can you sprain?

answer

ligaments and muscles

question

What is the function of the musculoskeletal system?

answer

provides framework, protects internal organs, and allows movement and heat.

question

List some common musculoskeletal system problems.

answer

- breaks - tears - sprains - strains - fractures

question

List the integumentary organs.

answer

- skin - nails - hair

question

What is the function of the integumentary system?

answer

prevents infection and dehydration, and regulates body temperature.

question

List some common integumentary system problems.

answer

- breaks - tears - punctures - lacerations - abrasions

question

List the digestive organs.

answer

- mouth - esophagus - stomach - intestines - liver - pancreas - gallbladder

question

What is the function of the digestive system?

answer

breaks down food to supply body with energy.

question

List some common digestive system problems.

answer

- ulcers - choking - allergies - food poisoning

question

List the endocrine organs.

answer

glands.

question

What is the function of the endocrine system?

answer

secretes hormones into blood.

question

List some common endocrine system problems.

answer

- diabetes

question

List the genitourinary organs.

answer

- kidneys, nephrons - ureters - urinary bladder - urethra - penis (males) - testes (males) - vagina (females) - ovaries (females) - uterus (females)

question

What is the function of the genitourinary system?

answer

reproduces offspring, removes waste, and regulates water balance.

question

List some common genitourinary system problems

answer

- dehydration - infections

question

1. What is the medical term for a bruise? 2. What is another term for a nosebleed?

answer

1. ecchymosis 2. epistaxis

question

List body cavities from head to toe.

answer

1. cranial 2. thoracic 3. abdominal 4. pelvic

question

List some common breathing emergencies.

answer

- choking - illnesses - asthma - electrocution - shock - drowning - heart attack - allergic reactions - drugs - emphysema - bronchitis - croup - hyperventilation

question

Define asthma.

answer

a condition that narrows the breathing passages and makes it difficult to breathe, caused by a spasm of the muscle lining in the bronchi.

question

List the signs and symptoms of asthma.

answer

- wheezing - difficulty breathing - painful breathing

question

List the treatments for asthma.

answer

- medications (inhaler, etc.) - fresh air

question

Define bronchitis.

answer

a disease resulting in inflammation of the lining of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.

question

List the signs and symptoms of bronchitis.

answer

- persistent cough - chest tightness - difficulty breathing

question

List the treatments for bronchitis.

answer

- antibiotics

question

Define anaphylactic shock.

answer

a severe allergic reaction that can restrict and swell a person's chest cavity and cause death.

question

List the causes of anaphylactic shock.

answer

- insect stings - certain foods - medication

question

List the symptoms of anaphylactic shock.

answer

- chest tightness - swelling of throat, face, and neck - difficulty breathing - dizziness - confusion

question

List the treatments for anaphylactic shock.

answer

- injection of epinephrine - epi-pen, followed by the activation of EMS

question

Define croup.

answer

a common viral illness in children that causes swelling of the tissues around the vocal cords, characterized by a "seal bark" type of cough.

question

List the treatments for croup.

answer

- fresh cool air - steamy bathroom

question

Define epiglottitis.

answer

a bacterial infection that causes severe inflammation of the epiglottis.

question

What are the signs of epiglottitis?

answer

- appear ill - fever - sore throat - the need to sit up in order to breathe - drooling - difficulty swallowing

question

What are the treatments for epiglottitis?

answer

- antibiotics

question

Define hyperventilation.

answer

occurs when breathing is faster than normal, imbalance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, occurs in nervous people, people who are in shock and tense.

question

List the treatments for hyperventilation.

answer

- relax the victim, rebreathe air in paper bag

question

Describe general respiratory distress care.

answer

Call 911. Help victim rest comfortably. Monitor ABC's (airway, breathing, and circulation). Keep victim from overheating or chilling. Assist victim in taking medications.

question

Respiratory distress can lead to _____.

answer

respiratory arrest, body system deterioration, cardiac arrest, or death.

question

List the two types of choking.

answer

anatomical - soft tissue - tongue mechanical - food or small objects

question

Describe the techniques used to stop choking.

answer

Adult and child - abdominal thrusts till object is expelled / if person becomes unconscious - call 911and continue with chest compressions and check mouth Infant - 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts

question

List the symptoms of a heart attack.

answer

- chest pain - chest heaviness - pale skin - weak pulse - nausea - vomiting - pain radiating to left arm - indigestion - shortness of breath - sweating

question

Describe proper heart attack care.

answer

Call 911. Rest victim in comfortable position. Give victim nitroglycerin under tongue if patient has it. Give aspirin like bayer aspirin or baby aspirin Monitor ABC's (airway, breathing, and circulation).

question

Describe adult CPR guidelines. - 1 and 2 person No change in compression/breath ratio - 30:2 2 persons - one does 30 compressions and other gives 2 breaths uses bag/mask using the E-C clamp technique

answer

- 2 hands on middle of chest lower half of sternum - compress 1 1/2 inches to 2 inches - 30:2 compression to breaths ratio - 5 cycles in 2 minutes. -100 compressions minute - push hard and fast - same for one and two person CPR

question

Describe child CPR guidelines. 1 -person

answer

- 1 or two hands on chest - rescue breathing rate is one every 3 seconds - compress 1 inch to 1 1/2 inches - 5 cycles in 2 minutes. Change partner 2 minutes. - 30:2 compression to breaths ratio -100 compressions minute - one person CPR

question

Describe infant CPR guidelines. - 1 person

answer

- 2 fingers - rescue breathing rate is one every 3 seconds - mouth covers over mouth and nose during rescue breathing - compress 1/2 inch to 1 inch - 5 cycles in 2 minutes. Change partner 2 minutes. - 30:2 compression to breaths ratio -100 compressions minute - one person CPR

question

Describe the adult chain of survival.

answer

- early activation of EMS - early CPR - rapid defribrillation - advanced life support - post-cardiac arrest care

question

For child and infant CPR with 2 persons - 15:2 2 persons - one does 15 compressions and other gives 2 breaths uses bag/mask using the E-C clamp technique

answer

- hand placement as above for child - infant - 2 hands encircling the chest - 15 compressions to 2 breaths ratio 15:2 - 100 compressions minute - push hard and fast

question

When do you stop CPR?

answer

The rescuer should try not to stop. However, he or she may if: - he or she becomes so exhausted they cannot continue - someone of equal or greater training comes to take over - EMT - his or her personal safety is in danger (as in the scene is not safe) - the victim is pronounced dead by a medical doctor

question

List some of the causes of cardiac arrest.

answer

- drugs - respiratory arrest - drowning - electrocution - weak heart - suffocation - firearm injuries - poison - genetic history factors

question

Define clotting.

answer

process which blood thickens at a wound site to seal a hole or tear and stop bleeding.

question

Define direct pressure.

answer

pressure applied on a wound to control bleeding

question

Define hemorrhage.

answer

loss of a large amount of blood in a short period of time.

question

List the signs of internal bleeding.

answer

- discoloration - tenderness - swollen, hard tissues - anxiety - restlessness - rapid breathing - cool, moist, pale skin - nausea - vomiting - excessive thirst - declining level of consciousness

question

Describe proper closed wound care.

answer

Apply direct pressure. Apply cold pack. Call 911 if severe.

question

Describe minor open wound care.

answer

Wash out. Apply sterile dressing with direct pressure. Apply antibiotic ointment.

question

Describe major open wound care.

answer

DO NOT WASH. Apply clean dressing with direct pressure. Bandage. Call 911.

question

Describe care given for wounds caused by embedded objects.

answer

Do NOT remove object unless it is preventing breathing. Use bulky bandages around the object to support and minimize bleeding. Be careful not to further push in or move object. Control bleeding. Call 911.

question

List some of the causes of burns.

answer

- heat - chemicals - electricity - solar radiation. - sun

question

List the signs and symptoms of first degree burns.

answer

- red, dry skin - area is painful - area is swollen (superficial)

question

List the signs and symptoms of second degree burns.

answer

- red, wet, skin - open and closed blisters - skin spotted and blotchy - area is painful - area is swollen - area is deep

question

List the signs and symptoms of third degree burns.

answer

- brown or charred skin - tissue underneath appear white - may not feel pain *may be life threatening*

question

List the critical burn locations.

answer

- face - hands - feet - genitals - airway

question

Describe proper burn care.

answer

Stop burning process (extinguish fire). 1st degree or mild 2nd - Cool the burned area with cool water. Cover with non-stick dressing Severe 2nd and 3rd degree - do not use water Cover the burned area with a nonstick bandage. Do not remove stuck clothing. Minimize shock. Call 911 if third degree burn.

question

Describe Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

answer

a serious tick borne disease caused by wood or dog ticks

question

List the signs and symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

answer

- spotted rash on ankles or wrists that spreads - fevers - chills - severe headaches - joint and muscle aches. *early treatment is important because victim could die of kidney failure*

question

List the signs and symptoms of Lyme disease.

answer

- tick bite - red rash (with bull's eye appearance) - fevers - chills - headaches - fatigue - flu-like symptoms *contracted by deer ticks*

question

List the signs and symptoms of stings and bites.

answer

- stinger present - bite marks - pain - local swelling - rash - hives - nausea - difficulty breathing - itchiness

question

Describe proper care for stings and bites.

answer

Remove stinger by scraping with fingernail or credit card. Only use tweezers with ticks. Wash wound and cover with bandage. Apply ice. Watch for allergic reactions. Use epi-pen if person has

question

List the signs and symptoms of spider bites.

answer

- bite marks - sharp pain (black widow) - swelling and blistering (brown recluse) - pain - cramping - nausea - vomiting - difficulty breathing / swallowing - sweating - irregular heartbeat

question

Describe proper care for spider bites.

answer

Call 911 as soon as possible. *Antivenin will be needed*

question

List the signs and symptoms of snake bites.

answer

- fang bite marks - pain - burning - swelling - tingling - numbness

question

Describe proper care for snake bites.

answer

Wash. Apply ice and immobilize the body part. Call 911. *Antivenin will be needed if pit viper bite*

question

Describe proper jellyfish sting care.

answer

Soak in vinegar or alcohol, or apply a baking soda paste made with water.

question

Describe proper stingray sting care.

answer

Immobilize body part. Soak in warm water until pain is gone. Call 911 if severe.

question

List the signs and symptoms of tetanus.

answer

- irritability - headache - fever - painful muscle spasms *Symptoms occur 3 to 5 days after bites/cuts. Call 911.*

question

List some of the causes of head, neck, and back injuries.

answer

- fall from height greater than one's own height - motor vehicle accidents - blunt forces - violence - lightning

question

List the symptoms of a head injury.

answer

- change in level of consciousness - pain - pressure - tingling sensation - partial / complete paralysis - blood from ears / nose - seizures - vomiting - nausea - impaired vision - headache - loss of balance - bruising around head / eyes

question

When should you not use inline stabilization? - keeping head and neck straight

answer

- if victim's head is severely angled - victim has pain, pressure, or muscle spasms - there is resistance when attempting to move head

question

List the parts of the spine from top to bottom.

answer

- cervix - thoracic vertebrae - lumbar - sacrum - coccyx

question

Describe proper eye injury care.

answer

Keep on back. Do not remove any embedded objects. Apply dressing around object Stabilize object with cup. Call 911.

question

List some common ear injuries.

answer

- soft tissue damage - damage to eardrums - loss of hearing

question

Describe proper ear injury care.

answer

Do NOT apply direct pressure. Cover lightly. Call 911.

question

scalp injury care

answer

control bleeding with direct pressure, DO NOT apply direct pressure if skull feels spongy (indicates skull fracture).

question

Describe proper cheek injury care.

answer

If bleeding occurs inside of the mouth, place dressings inside and apply direct pressure. Remove any embedded objects ONLY if impairs breathing. Pull object in same direction as it entered. Apply pressure outside of mouth. Sit and lean victim forward.

question

List the causes of a concussion.

answer

- force to head

question

List the signs of a concussion.

answer

- temporary impairment of brain - loss of consciousness - loss of memory - severe headaches

question

Describe proper concussion care.

answer

Rest. Get medical help. *There is a possibility that it could be severe*

question

Describe proper nose injury care.

answer

Sit victim with head forward and pinch nose Apply ice. Call 911 if bleeding is caused by high blood pressure.

question

chest injury signs and symptoms

answer

breathing difficulty, severe pain, obvious deformity, bruising, discoloration of skin, coughing up blood.

question

chest injury general care

answer

posistion in comfortable way to aid breathing, if ribs are broken bind arm to injured side.

question

sucking chest wound care - usually from puncture to lung like knife stab or bullet wound. Wound makes sucking sound because air getting into wound - need to stop that as may be life threatening.

answer

apply occlusive dressing, treat other life threatening injuries, keep one corner of dressing open. Put gauze and plastic over wound and tape down 3 sides and let 4th side stay open. Air cannot get in, but air can get out.

question

abdominal injury signs and symptoms

answer

severe pain, external bleeding, nausea, vomitting, bruising, pale ashen moist skin, weakness, thirst, rigid abdomen, organs protruding from abs.

question

abdominal injury general care

answer

lie victim on back, bend knees to reduce pain, call 911, control bleeding.

question

pelvis injury signs and symptons - organs sticking out - protruding

answer

protruding organs, pain, bruising, bleeding, severed body parts... same care as abdominal injuries. If organs sticking out, keep them moist and warm with wet gauze and cover with plastic. Do not push back in.

question

soft splint

answer

blankets, towels, pillows, slings.

question

rigid splints

answer

boards, metal strips, folded magazines.

question

anatomic splints

answer

refers to the use of the body like arms, legs.

question

commerical splint

answer

traction with pulleys and weights.

question

slings and cravats

answer

triangular bandages used to support arms, forearms, dressings, and bandaids.

question

splinting key things

answer

support injured thing in posistion you found it, cover open wounds, check area above and below color/warmth/feeling, apply splint above and below, sling into place not directly over injury, check fingers/toes for circulation, elevate if possible, rest, apply ice, prevent shock.

question

upper extremities

answer

forearm, phalanges, carpals, metacarpals.

question

shoulder injuries

answer

clavicle, scalpula, humerous, sprains, fractures, dislocation of shoulder.

question

shoulder injury general care

answer

control bleeding, support in comfortable posistion, if away from body use pillow to support under arm, create sling splint, ice, call 911 if broken.

question

arm injuries

answer

humerous, radius, ulna, fractures.

question

arm injury general care

answer

immobolize from shoulder to elbow, control bleeding, sling, if elbow injured DO NOT MOVE, call 911 if you can't find pulse.

question

lower extremity injuries

answer

femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsal, metatarsals, phalanges.

question

femur fraction key signs

answer

leg turned outward, muscle contracted, leg appears shorter, swollen, possible external bleeding.

question

lower extremity general care

answer

control any bleeding, immobolize, rest in comfortable posistion, elevate if possible, support leg, monitor color/warmth/feeling, call 911 if suspected broken.

question

knee injuries

answer

sprains, cuts, bruises, fractures, dislocations.

question

knee injury general care

answer

control bleeding, support/eleveate knee, ice, rest, splint if it can be straightened.

question

ankle and foot injuries

answer

sprains, fractures, tears, strains.

question

ankle and foot injury general care

answer

control bleeding, immobolize with soft splint, check toes for warmth/feeling/color, elevate, ice, call 911 if suspected broken.

question

fainting (syncope)

answer

temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain.

question

fainting signs and symptoms

answer

complete loss of consciousness, temporary reduction of blood to head, collapse.

question

fainting general care

answer

call 911, posistion on flat surface, monitor abc's, loosen clothing, elevate legs.

question

Define stroke.

answer

disruption of blood flow to brain that can cause death or serious brain damage

question

List the signs and symptoms of a stroke. Use FAST to help Diagnose F - Face drooping A - Arm on one side won't lift S - Speech slurred T - time to call 911 right away.

answer

- altered level of consciousness - look/feels ill - sudden weakness - numbness - difficulty speaking or being understood - blurred vision - unequal pupils - severe headache

question

Describe proper stroke care.

answer

Call 911 fast. Monitor ABC's (airway, breathing, and circulation). Clear fluids from mouth. Reassure and comfort. Don't give food.

question

List the two types of stroke.

answer

ischemic (caused by blockage) and hemorrhagic (caused by bleeding)

question

List ways to prevent a stroke.

answer

- control blood pressure - control diet - do not smoke - exercise regularly - control diabetes

question

Define diabetes.

answer

a condition where the pancreas does not produce insulin, which helps with glucose buildup.

question

List some key facts about type 1 diabetes.

answer

- also known as juvenile diabetes - insulin dependent diabetes - body produces little or no insulin - must inject insulin into the body.

question

List some key facts about type 2 diabetes.

answer

- also known as adult onset diabetes - non-insulin dependent - body produces insulin but not enough - is more common than type 1 - can be controlled by diet

question

Define hypoglycemia.

answer

a condition where the insulin level is too high and sugar level is too low.

question

Define hyperglycemia.

answer

a condition where the insulin level too low and sugar is too high.

question

List the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.

answer

- flushed skin - hot, dry skin - looks ill - sweet, fruity body odor - irregular breathing - abnormal pulse

question

Describe proper diabetes care.

answer

If conscious give sugary foods or drinks. If loss of consciousness call 911.

question

List key facts about seizures.

answer

- sudden loss of body control - can be chronic called epilepsy - caused by fevers (febrile) - preceded by by aura, - feels and looks ill.

question

List the signs and symptoms of seizures.

answer

- changes in level of consciousness - convulsions - fluids from mouth

question

Describe proper seizure care.

answer

Allow seizure to occur. Protect victim from injuring self. Monitor ABC's (airway, breathing, and circulation). Clear mouth of fluids by positioning on side. Call 911 (especially if seizure is repeated, or if victim is pregnant, is in water, or has never had them before).

question

The effects of poisons depend on _____.

answer

- type/amount of substance - how and where the poison entered - time elapsed - weight, size, and age of victim.

question

List some clues of poisoning.

answer

- vomit - open drug containers - drug paraphernalia - discoloration of ski - irregular breathing - blue lips - consciousness - alcohol bottles - crushed plants - ill-prepared food

question

List the signs and symptoms of poisoning.

answer

- nausea - vomiting - chest pain - abdominal pain - dizziness - sweating - seizures - skin discoloration - diarrhea - burns around mouth - headaches

question

What is used to induce vomiting?

answer

syrup of ipecac

question

What does activated charcoal do?

answer

neutralizes stomach and absorbs poisons.

question

When should vomiting NOT be induced?

answer

- victim is unconscious - victim is having seizures - victim is pregnant in the last trimester - victim has ingested corrosive substance

question

What are the 4 ways one can be poisoned?

answer

- ingestion - absorption - inhalation - injection - insect bites or stings

question

List some absorbed poisons. - through skin

answer

- poison ivy - poison oak - poison sumac - wet and dry chemicals - lawn fertilizers

question

Describe proper absorbed poison care.

answer

Wash area with calamine lotion. Take Benadryl or corticosteroids.

question

List some ingested poisons. - swallowed

answer

- bacterial and chemical poisons in improperly prepared foods or household chemicals

question

Describe proper ingested poison care. Call 911 or poison control .

answer

Prevent by properly cooking and handling food. Give victim antibiotics. Do not induce (make them) throw up unless you are told to. Syrup of ipecac or salt water to make throw up

question

List some inhaled poisons.

answer

- carbon monoxide - paints - glues - gasoline

question

Describe proper inhaled poison care.

answer

Get to fresh air. Treat breathing conditions. Call 911 if victim becomes or is unconscious.

question

List the signs and symptoms of frostbite.

answer

- cold, discolored skin - lack of feeling - waxy look of skin - blisters - can be just nip, superficial, or deep.

question

Describe proper frostbite care.

answer

Handle very carefully. Do NOT rub area. Place in warm water. - 100 degrees- remember your body temp is 98.6 - so if you test water close to your body temperature (in case you do not have thermometer) it should not feel too hot or too cold, but just right. Bandage loosely; if fingers and toes, place gauze in between each phalange.

question

List the signs and symptoms of hypothermia.

answer

- anything below 95 degrees - shivering - slow irregular heart beat - numbness - apathy - change in level of consciousness - breathing difficulties

question

Describe proper hypothermia care.

answer

Remove wet clothing. Call 911. Gradually rewarm by using dry blankets and giving warm liquids if conscious.

question

List the signs and symptoms of heat cramps.

answer

- heavy sweating - rapid onset - pain - muscle spasms

question

Describe proper heat cramp care.

answer

Rest in a cool place. Drink cool water or sports drink Stretch muscles or apply pressure to cramp muscle

question

List the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion.

answer

- cool, moist, pale skin - they are sweating - headaches - nausea - they feel sick - dizziness - weakness

question

List the signs and symptoms of heat stroke.

answer

- sweating stops - red, hot, dry skin - rapid rise temperature - rapid or weak pulse - changes in consciousness - body systems begin to fail *can lead to cardiac arrest*

question

Describe proper heat stroke and exhaustion care.

answer

have victim lie down in cool water remove clothing Places cool damp cloths on forehead, neck, axilla (armpits) Fan and cool body or spray water in any way possible. Small sips water, juice, or sports drink but discontinue if person nauseated - sick or throws up. Call 911 if condition worsens.

question

List the signs of a heart attack.

answer

- chest discomfort (uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain) - discomfort in other areas of upper body (one or both arms, the back, neck jaw or abdomen) - shortness of breath - cold sweat, nausea or light-headedness

question

List the signs of shock.

answer

- weak, faint or dizzy - nauseous or thirsty - pale or grayish skin - restless, agitated or confused - cold and clammy to the touch

question

Describe proper shock care.

answer

Help victim lie on back. Cover victim to keep the victim warm.

question

Where do you check a pulse of an adult?

answer

carotid artery (neck)

question

Where do you check a pulse for an infant?

answer

brachial artery (upper arm)

question

What separates the outer ear from the middle ear?

answer

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

question

What does the tympanic membrane do?

answer

vibrates the sound waves hit it and transmits the sound waves to the middle ear

question

What is the middle ear?

answer

the small cavity behind the tympanic membrane that contains 3 bones (the malleus, the incus, and the stapes).

question

What is the pinna or auricle?

answer

the visible part of the ear that leads to the auditory canal.

question

What is the auditory canal?

answer

place where sound waves travel though in order to hit the tympanic membrane (eardrum).

question

What are the 3 main layers of the eye?

answer

-sclera & cornea -choroid coat -retina

question

From the mouth to the lungs, what is the order of organs?

answer

- pharynx - epiglottis - larynx (voice box) - part of esophagus - trachea - part of esophagus

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