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action therapies

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therapies in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly.

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antianxiety drugs

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An anxiolytic is a medication or other intervention that inhibits anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents, which increase anxiety.

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antidepressant drugs

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Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other conditions,... More

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antipsychotic drugs

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Antipsychotics are a class of psychiatric medication primarily used to manage psychosis, in particular... More

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authenticity

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the quality of being authentic.

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aversion therapy

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Aversion therapy is a form of psychological treatment in which the patient is exposed to a stimulus while simultaneously being subjected to some form of discomfort. This conditioning is intended to cause the patient to associate the stimulus with unpleasant sensations in order to stop the specific behavi

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behavior therapies

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a treatment that helps change potentially self-destructing behaviors. It is also called behavioral modification or cognitive behavioral therapy. Medical professionals use this type of therapy to replace bad habits with good ones. The therapy also helps you cope with difficult situations.

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biomedical therapy

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physiological interventions that focus on the reduction of symptoms associated with psychological disorders. Three procedures used are drug therapies, electroconvulsive (shock) treatment, and psychosurgery. Drug therapies.

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cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

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a form of psychotherapy. It was originally designed to treat depression, but is now used for a number of mental disorders. It works to solve current problems and change unhelpful thinking and behavior.

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counterconditioning

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the conditioning of an unwanted behavior or response to a stimulus into a wanted behavior or response by the association of positive actions with the stimulus.

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directive

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involving the management or guidance of operations.

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eclectic approach

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therapeutic approach that incorporates a variety of therapeutic principles and philosophies in order to create the ideal treatment program to meet the specific needs of the patient or client.

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electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

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a procedure used to treat severe depression.

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evidence-based practice

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is the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about patient care (Sackett, Straus, Richardson, Rosenberg, & Haynes, 2000).

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exposure thereapies

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a technique in behavior therapy used to treat anxiety disorders. It involves the exposure of the patient to the feared object or context without any danger, in order to overcome their anxiety. Procedurally it is similar to the fear extinction paradigm in rodent work.

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eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR)

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an integrative psychotherapy approach that has been extensively researched and proven effective for the treatment of trauma.

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family counseling

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a branch of psychotherapy that works with families and couples in intimate relationships to nurture change and development.

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insight therapies

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is a technique whish assumes that a person's behavior, thoughts, and emotions become disordered as a result of the individual's lack of understanding as to what motivates him or her, such as unresolved old conflicts or beliefs.

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lobotomy

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is a neurosurgical procedure, a form of psychosurgery, also known as a leukotomy or leucotomy

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meta-analysis

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uses a statistical approach to combine the results from multiple studies in an effort to increase power (over individual studies), improve estimates of the size of the effect and/or to resolve uncertainty when reports disagree.

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nondirective

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Pace, direction, and termination of therapy are controlled by the client; the therapist acts as a facilitator. The nondirective approach was originated by the American counseling psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1940s and influenced other individual and group psychotherapeutic methods. (See psychotherapy.)

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person-centered therapy

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PCT is a form of talk-psychotherapy developed by psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s.

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psychodynamic therapy

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is a form of depth psychology, the primary focus of which is to reveal the unconscious content of a client's psyche in an effort to alleviate psychic tension. In this way, it is similar to psychoanalysis

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psychopharmacology

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is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior.

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psychosurgery

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also called neurosurgery for mental disorder (NMD), is the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorder. Psychosurgery has always been a controversial medical field. The modern history of psychosurgery begins in the 1880s under the Swiss psychiatrist Gottlieb Burckhardt

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psychotherapy

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is a general term for treating mental health problems by talking with a psychiatrist, psychologist or other mental health provider.

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rational-emotive behavior therapy

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is a comprehensive, active-directive, philosophically and empirically based psychotherapy which focuses on resolving emotional and behavioral problems and disturbances and enabling people to lead happier and more

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reflection

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the throwing back by a body or surface of light, heat, or sound without absorbing it.

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resilience

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is the ability to roll with the punches. When stress, adversity or trauma strikes, you still experience anger, grief and pain, but you're able to keep functioning — both physically and psychologically.

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self-help groups

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also known as mutual help, mutual aid, or support groups, are groups of people who provide mutual support for each other. In a self-help group, the members share a common problem, often a common disease or addiction

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systematic desensitization

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is a behavioral technique commonly used to treat fear, anxiety disorders and phobias. Using this method, the person is engaged in some type of relaxation exercise and gradually exposed to an anxiety producing stimulus, like an object or place.

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therapeutic alliance

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the helping alliance, or the working alliance) refers to the relationship between a healthcare professional and a client (or patient). It is the means by which a therapist and a client hope to engage with each other, and effect beneficial change in the client.

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therapy

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cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, psychodynamic therapy, or a combination of these—but at the center of each is the caring relationship between a mental health professional and a patient.

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transference

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the action of transferring something or the process of being transferred.

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virtual reality exposure therapy

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is an increasingly common treatment for anxiety and specific phobias. Lacking is a quantitative meta-analysis that enhances understanding of the variability and clinical significance of anxiety reduction outcomes after VRET.

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