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The symptoms and signs of mental illness are known as

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C. psychopathology

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The point of view of this textbook is that

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C. it is likely that everyone will be touched by the problems associated with mental illness at some point in their life

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Which is the best description of abnormal psychology?

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D. application of psychological science to the study of mental disorders

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The case of Kevin Warner was presented in the text as an example of the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of Kevin's symptoms strongly suggested that he had lost touch with reality, which is the defining feature of schizophrenia?

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D. belief that people were poisoning him

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Determining the presence of disorder is based on several criteria, including

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A. the duration of a person's symptoms

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In what terms are mental disorders defined?

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B. persistent maladaptive behaviors

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Nate is a clinical psychologist and is trying to determine if Jennifer has schizophrenia. In what way will he make this determination?

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D. making observations of Jennifer's behavior and her descriptions of personal experience

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A problem with defining abnormal behavior in terms of deviation from statistical norms is that this definition

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C. does not specify how unusual the behavior must be to be considered abnormal

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In the term "harmful dysfunction", the word "dysfunction" refers to

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C. a disruption of thought, feeling, or perception

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What problem in defining abnormal behavior is evident in the case of Kevin Warner described in the text?

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D. some people do not perceive their abnormal behavior as personally stressful

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The DSM definition of mental disorder excludes which of the following?

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B. beliefs and actions hared by a religious group

question

Culture is defined in terms of the

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C. values, beliefs, and practices shared by a specific group of people

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Olivia grew up in a society where mourners pull out their hair, go into an emotional frenzy, and speak in tongues. On a visit to the US, she did these things in public when she heard that a relative had died. According to DSM-5, her behavior would be considered

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B. not psychopathological, because it is part of her culture

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What is the history of the "diagnosis" homosexuality in the DSM?

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D. homosexuality was a diagnosis in the first two editions of the DSM, taken out for the third edition, and has never been reintroduced

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In addition to incidence, what other term is particularly important in epidemiological research?

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C. prevalence

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What two factors are combined to measure disease burden?

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A. mortality and disability

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Which of the following can be concluded from cross-cultural studies?

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A. all mental disorders are shaped, to some extent, by cultural factors

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George completed 5 years of graduate school that led to a Psy.D degree. He is now completing a one-year internship at a mental health clinic. What type of mental health professional is George?

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D. clinical psychologist

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Which of the following is one of the bodily fluids that Hippocrates included in his explanation of abnormal behavior?

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C. yellow bile

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The etiology of a problem behavior is its

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A. cause

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Which term is used for a set of shared assumptions that includes both the substance of a theory and beliefs about how scientists should collect data and test a theory?

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B. paradigm

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Most forms of abnormal behavior are thought to be caused by

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D. multiple factors

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What approach do the authors use when considering the etiology of various mental disorders?

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D. biopsychosocial

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The search for explanations of the etiology of abnormal behavior dates to ancient times. It was not until the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that three major advances occurred: the work of Sigmund Freud, the discover of general paresis, and the

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D. development of academic psychology

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the discover of the etiology of which disorder was an important scientific advance for the biological paradigm?

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A. general paresis

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Confirming a specific biological cause of general paresis was greatly aided by eventually discovering that

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A. all such patients had a history of syphilis

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Both Jean Charcot and Sigmund Freud focused on a disorder called hysteria. Which of the following patients is most likely to have received this diagnosis from these two well-known clinicians

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C. Laura, whose "blindness" has no organic explanation

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The cognitive-behavioral paradigm views ____________ as the product of learning

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D. abnormal behavior

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Which paradigm views human nature as basically good, attributes abnormal behavior to frustrations of society, and uses nondirective therapy to treat abnormal behavior?

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B. humanistic

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What is the purpose of the enigma written by lord Byron that was included in the text?

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C. to reveal how paradigms can either help or hinder our search for answers

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The paradigms presented in your text make assumptions about the causes of abnormal behavior that can be too

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B. narrow

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Assume that variables X and Y are significantly correlated; the third variable problem means that

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A. the correlation could be explained by their joint relation with some other factor

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What term is used to describe the pattern of behavior that is apparent before a disorder develops?

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A. premorbid history

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You are watching a movie about a mental hospital. In one scene, two mental health professionals are talking about a patient. One of them asks about the patient's prognosis. The response to this question will deal with the patient's

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B. predicted course

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What are the four major anatomic components of a neuron?

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B. soma, dendrite, axon, and axon terminal

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In twin studies the key comparison involves determining how many pairs of twins either have the same disorder or are free of the disorder; this involves the calculation of

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B. concordance rates

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In addition to conscientousness and extraversion, what is one of the "big five" dimensions of temperament?

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A. aggressiveness

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Most mental health professionals today identify themselves with

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D. no single paradigm

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A clinician who uses research to select the most effective form of treatment is practicing __________ psychotherapy

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C. evidence-based

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What is the primary goal of psychodynamic therapy as presented in the case of Francs in the textbook?

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A. gaining insight into unconscious motivations

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What is a cognitive-behavior therapist likely to do in treating Frances, whose battle with depression was described in the text?

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A. be very directive in getting her to look at her distorted thinking

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Which form of treatment for certain mental disorders produces retrograde amnesia?

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C. electroconvulsive therapy

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A medical records clerk was reviewing patient files when he came across one that had the name of a procedure he did not recognize: cingulotomy. When he looked up the procedure he found that it is a surgical procedure used in which the diagnosis is

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C. obsessive-compulsive disorder

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You are reading a case study of a patient who has been prescribed the following: Haldol, Clozaril, and Thorazine. You recognize these drugs as belonging to the category called

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C. antipsychotic

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Free association refers to

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C. talking freely about whatever thoughts cross the mind

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According to Freudian psychoanalysis it is sufficient to cure mental illness if the therapist were to

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B. bring unconscious material into conscious awareness

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Systematic desensitization is based on the principles of

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B. classical conditioning

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You are asked to compare Ellis's rational-emotive therapy (RET) and Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy. After comparing the two you note that one difference is that the therapist in RET is likely to

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C. directly challenge the rationality of the client's beliefs

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Client-centered therapy is closely associated with the concept of

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A. empathy

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In client-centered therapy the bond between therapist and client that is seen as central to the process of therapy is know as the

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D. therapeutic alliance

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Which of these is an example of a placebo in medicine?

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B. a pill with inactive ingredients

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What factor best predicts when treatment is more or less likely to be effective?

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C. the nature of the client's problems

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What is a common goal in systems approaches to family therapy?

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B. to strengthen the alliance between parents

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What is a widely held view among current theorists of family therapy?

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B. Altering family functioning can improve the mental health of family members

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The authors of your text express their strong belief that the choice of treatment should

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B. be determined by the client's problems

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Which is a treatment for borderline personality disorder that includes an emphasis on "mindfulness," an increased awareness of your feelings, thoughts, and motivations?

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A. dialectical behavior therapy

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A psychologist conducts an interview and administers several psychological tests in order to evaluate the nature of a person's problem and to formulate a treatment plan. What term is used to describe this process?

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B. assessment

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In the case of Michael presented in your text, which of thse is one of the keys that should lead a mental health professiona to suspect that Michael suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder?

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A. Michael's symptoms fall into a recognized pattern

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A classification system that focuses on how much of a given characteristic an individual exhibits is called

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D. dimensional

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One advantage of a dimensional system of classification is that it allows scientists to

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C. record subtle distinctions

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