Psychology Mid-Term – Flashcards
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Psychology is the scientific study of
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Behavior and mental processes
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The brain is the __________ control center for everything we say and do?
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Master
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A nerve is composed of
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A neuron and its synapses
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Smallest unit in the nervous system is
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Neurons
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Electrically charged particles found both inside and outside the neurons are
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Ions
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The tiny space between the axon and the dendrite of another neuron is called the ______?
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Synaptic cleft
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Endorphins ________?
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Reduce pain messages in the brain
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The nervous system is comprised of two major parts:
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Central and peripheral nervous systems
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At the point where the spinal cord enters the skull, it becomes the ________?
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Hindbrain
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_________ are the raw data of experience.
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Sensations
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The ability to perceive or acquire information without using the ordinary senses is known as __________?
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Extrasensory perception (ESP)
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The rods and cones in the retina are _____?
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Receptor cells
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As we grow older, _______
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We lose some of our ability to hear both soft and loud sounds.
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The _______ of the tongue is most sensitive to bitterness.
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Back
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The Hammer, Anvil, and Stirrup are found in what organ?
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Ear
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According to gate control theory, we experience more pain when the gate is _______?
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Open
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A person who is bline in one eye can yse each of the visual distance and depth cues EXCEPT _______?
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Convergence
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The brain's interpretation of sensory information so as to give it meaning is _______?
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Perception
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Daydreaming, meditation, intoxication, sleep and hynosis are all types of _______.
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Altered states of consciousness
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A biological cycle, or rhythm, that is approximately 24 hours long is a(n) _______ cycle.
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Circadian
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A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or remaining asleep throughout the night is _______.
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Insomnia
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Caffeine belongs to a class of drugs known as _______.
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Xanthine stimulants
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Only legitimate uses for amphetamines are as a _______.
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treatment for narcolepsy and A.D.D
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The first term used to describe hypnosis was _______.
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mesmerism
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Trained the dog salivate to sound of bell...
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classical conditioning
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Many children learn to fear lighting because it is often paired with loud thunder. In this case, lightening is the _______, thunder is the _______, and the fear is the _______.
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CS; US; UR
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Classical conditioning has been demonstrated _______.
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in every form of animal
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Desensitization therapy is based primarily on the principles of _______.
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classical conditioning
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There are _______ kinds of reinforcers.
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two
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Learning that depends on mental processes that are not directly observable is called _______ learning.
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secondary
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Children seeing a cookie jar and using a chair to reach it is called, _______ learning.
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Insight
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The entry point for raw information from the sensor are the _______
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sensory registers
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We give meaning to the raw information entering our sensory registers during the process of _______.
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Role rehearsal
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Working memory is called
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short term
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Chunking is a means of
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organizing information into meaningful units
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According to _______ theory, memories deteriorate because of passage of time.
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decay
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Concussions are a common cause of _______.
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retrograde amnesia
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Rare to remember events before age _______.
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Three
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Chronic alcoholism can lead to a form of amnesia called _______ cause by a vitamin deficiency.
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Korsakoff's Syndrome
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Memories on items such as meaning of words or dates of historical events, are stored in _______ memory.
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semantic
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Language is based on universal sound units called _______.
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phonemes
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By themselves, phonemes are _______.
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units of prototypes
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The system of rules that governs how we assign meaning to morphemes we us is called _______.
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sytnax
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The messages we send through position and posture are called _______.
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Proxemics
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Non-human animals communicate primarily through _______.
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Morphemes
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Psychology is considered a _______ science.
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Soft
