8th Grade Social Studies Study Guide – Flashcards
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Bicameral Legislature
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legislature to create laws divided into two parts; chief executive (governor), elected by the legislature (citizens))
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James Madison
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Thought power to be distributed through whole had to be balanced through corresponding responsibility
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Popular Sovereignty
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government by consent of the governed
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Checks and Balances
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Three branches of government have roles to check, or limit, the others, so that no single branch can dominate government.
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Northwest Territory
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provided a democratic model for national expansion created new states with sovereignty Ohio was the first state admitted
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Antifederalists
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criticized the constitution because it lacked a Bill of Rights to protect individual freedoms
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Manumission
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the freeing of enslaved people
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Enlightenment
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movement during the 1700s that spread the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society
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Articles of Conferderation
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first document to govern America adopted in 1781 but no power to tax or enforce its laws
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Shay's Rebellion
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A rebel that lead many farmers to go to an arsenal to fight for the freedom of thoughs encarsarated -brought attention to the government that they couldnt unrest or prevent violence.
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Federalism
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sharing power between federal and state government powers to tax, regulate trade, control currency, raise an army, and declare war. -could pass laws that were ''necessary and needed''
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Ratify
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to approve
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Federalist Papers
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Madison, Hamilton, and jay worked together to write essays explaining and defending the Constitution. Called the ''Federalist Papers.''
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Patrick Henry
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Against ratification of the Constitution it could be concieved to "enslave people."
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George Washington
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"Thirteen Sovereignties pulling against each other." When he heard about Shays rebellion immidiately was up for the revision of the A.O.C.
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Depression
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Low economic activity -Southern plantations -damaged British closed profitable markets to America -State money varied -Farmers could not sell goods, or pay debts, thrown into jail
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The New Jersey Plan
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One house Legislature with one vote per state could set taxes and regulate trade
